1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况及材料
图1 试验区2013年月平均气温和降雨量Fig. 1 The monthly average temperature and rainfall at study site in 2013 |
表1 西双版纳州橡胶树全年生长阶段月份表Tab. 1 Table of the annual growth stages of rubber trees in Xishuangbanna |
| 生长阶段 Growth stage | 落叶期 Defoliating | 抽发期 Pumping | 春花期 Spring flowering | 抽发期 Pumping | 夏花期 Summer flowering | 抽发期 Pumping | 秋花期 Autumn flowering | 冬果期 Winter fruiting | 落叶始期 Initial defoliating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 月份 Month | 1—2月 Jan.-Feb. | 3月 Mar. | 4月 Apr. | 5月 May | 6—7月 Jun.-Jul. | 8月 Aug. | 9—10月 Sep.-Oct. | 11月 Nov. | 12月 Dec. |
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 保水处理对橡胶树不同生长阶段土壤含水量的影响
2.2 保水处理对不同生长阶段橡胶树叶片4个生理指标的影响
表2 保水处理对橡胶树叶片可溶性蛋白含量的影响Tab. 2 Effect of water-retention treatment on soluble protein content of H. brasiliensis leaves |
| 月份Month | 可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content/(mg·g-1) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Contrast | 盖膜Cover film | 盖草Grass cover | 保水剂Water-retaining agent | |
| 1-2月 | 8.33±0.63cC | 15.67±0.14aA | 11.81±0.38cdB | 8.59±0.38dC |
| 3月 | 4.84±0.27dB | 16.20±0.46aA | 5.29±0.10eB | 4.63±0.22fB |
| 4月 | 5.88±0.13dB | 7.45±0.22eA | 5.78±0.22eB | 5.52±0.09efB |
| 5月 | 17.76±0.22aA | 12.93±2.47bcBC | 10.40±1.50dC | 11.21±1.33cC |
| 6月 | 16.58±0.12aA | 15.74±0.43aA | 15.91±0.62aA | 15.95±0.16aA |
| 7月 | 13.65±0.67bA | 10.55±0.23cdB | 13.71±0.43bA | 11.66±0.55cB |
| 8月 | 8.04±1.13cA | 8.80±0.44deA | 5.19±0.32eB | 8.41±1.09dA |
| 9-10月 | 7.44±0.20cA | 6.79±0.09eB | 7.03±0.10eAB | 7.27±0.15deA |
| 11月 | 7.60±0.16cA | 6.25±0.35eB | 6.58±0.38eB | 6.07±0.37efB |
| 12月 | 14.10±0.13bA | 13.83±0.44abA | 13.19±0.44bcA | 13.81±0.46bA |
Note: Different small letters in the same column indicate the significant difference among different months (P<0.05), and different capitals in the same row indicate the significant difference among different treatments (P<0.05). | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示不同月份间差异显著(P<0.05),同行不同大写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
表3 保水处理对橡胶树叶片脯氨酸含量的影响Tab. 3 Effect of water-retention treatment on proline content of H. brasiliensis leaves |
| 月份Month | 脯氨酸含量Proline content/(μg·g-1) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Contrast | 盖膜Cover film | 盖草Grass cover | 保水剂Water-retaining agent | |
| 1-2月 | 136.77±20.02cAB | 67.98±3.26dC | 102.16±7.58cdBC | 159.41±11.63cA |
| 3月 | 71.13±1.07eB | 79.38±2.30dA | 72.05±1.58dAB | 76.11±3.77efAB |
| 4月 | 86.58±5.89deA | 73.03±2.59dA | 88.80±6.24cdA | 88.80±6.77efA |
| 5月 | 162.53±7.42bB | 246.70±16.15bAB | 217.02±9.68bAB | 270.41±7.86bA |
| 6月 | 143.6±3.95bcA | 142.32±17.80cA | 112.39±4.57cB | 145.09±6.86cdAB |
| 7月 | 78.08±8.83deA | 56.47±2.19dC | 74.76±3.23dAB | 62.63±1.53fBC |
| 8月 | 91.94±4.34deB | 120.82±5.46cA | 78.95±1.42cdC | 96.81±4.66efB |
| 9-10月 | 131.29±6.32cA | 111.96±7.53cB | 102.1±2.73cdB | 112.08±2.31deB |
| 11月 | 99.87±3.47dAB | 119.28±2.28cA | 98.28±5.02cdB | 113.37±11.32deAB |
| 12月 | 436.74±1.76aA | 294.48±10.10aC | 366.05±10.36aB | 369.43±9.34aB |
Note: Different small letters in the same column indicate the significant difference among different months (P<0.05), and different capitals in the same row indicate the significant difference among different treatments (P<0.05). | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示不同月份间差异显著(P<0.05),同行不同大写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
表4 保水处理对橡胶树叶片可溶性糖含量和蔗糖含量的影响Tab. 4 Effect of water-retention treatment on soluble sugar and sucrose content of H. brasiliensis leaves |
| 组分成分 Component content | 月份 Month | 对照 Contrast | 盖膜 Cover film | 盖草 Grass cover | 保水剂 Water-retaining agent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 可溶性糖 SS/(mg·g-1) | 1-2月 | 19.83±0.14aB | 21.26±0.08aA | 19.95±0.21aB | 20.89±0.27aA |
| 3月 | 15.30±0.23cC | 17.17±0.57bcAB | 18.08±0.34bA | 16.47±0.29bB | |
| 4月 | 12.08±0.55dA | 11.02±0.93eA | 11.46±1.12eA | 10.90±0.24eA | |
| 5月 | 13.02±0.17dA | 13.47±0.32dA | 12.73±0.38eA | 12.35±0.72dA | |
| 6月 | 15.38±0.39cB | 15.77±0.91cB | 17.70±0.34bcA | 13.45±0.34dC | |
| 7月 | 16.94±0.38bA | 15.86±0.63cAB | 14.17±0.41dC | 15.16±0.27cBC | |
| 8月 | 18.86±0.51aA | 17.32±0.53bcB | 16.60±0.55bcB | 17.74±0.36bAB | |
| 9-10月 | 16.99±0.21bA | 18.00±1.01bA | 18.07±0.22bA | 17.12±0.40bA | |
| 11月 | 16.54±0.54bA | 16.21±0.40bcA | 16.28±0.35cA | 16.99±0.25bA | |
| 12月 | 19.83±0.46aA | 16.90±0.57bcB | 17.50±0.21bcB | 16.74±0.63bB | |
| 蔗糖 Suc /(mg·g-1) | 1-2月 | 19.30±0.67eC | 65.56±2.49bA | 51.53±1.06fB | 52.98±1.70eB |
| 3月 | 41.71±1.90dB | 54.44±0.96cA | 41.37±1.13gB | 42.60±0.63fB | |
| 4月 | 40.74±5.99dA | 49.35±2.61cA | 37.40±0.70gA | 38.09±2.35fA | |
| 5月 | 36.41±0.88dA | 37.44±0.88dA | 36.58±0.94gA | 35.47±2.11fA | |
| 6月 | 64.25±1.64cA | 54.39±4.21cB | 64.71±1.55dA | 52.14±2.59eB | |
| 7月 | 67.19±1.61cA | 51.46±0.74cB | 47.44±3.14fB | 65.55±1.79cdA | |
| 8月 | 60.12±2.87cA | 48.01±1.22cB | 59.59±1.19eA | 58.40±2.65deA | |
| 9-10月 | 82.59±1.40bA | 68.03±2.93bB | 77.32±2.27bA | 77.55±3.34bA | |
| 11月 | 98.27±4.40aA | 102.06±1.43aA | 98.39±2.25aA | 97.88±2.99aA | |
| 12月 | 63.68±1.27cB | 68.33±1.93bA | 70.18±0.52cA | 71.05±1.46bcA |
Note: Different small letters in the same column indicate the significant difference among different months (P<0.05), and different capitals in the same row indicate the significant difference among different treatments (P<0.05). | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示不同月份间差异显著(P<0.05),同行不同大写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.3 保水处理对橡胶树胶乳产量的影响
2.4 保水处理下橡胶树生理指标的主成分分析
表5 保水处理下橡胶树生理指标的主成分分析结果Tab. 5 Results of principal component analysis of physiological indexes of H. brasiliensis leaves under water-retention treatment |
| 主成分 Principal component | 载荷矩阵 Loading matrix | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 贡献率Contribution rate/% | 累计贡献率Accumulative contribution rate/% | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 可溶性蛋白SP | 脯氨酸Pro | 可溶性糖SS | 蔗糖Suc | ||||
| 1 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 1.38 | 34.43 | 34.43 |
| 2 | -0.09 | -0.04 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 1.37 | 34.14 | 68.57 |
| 3 | 0.34 | -0.33 | 0.47 | -0.45 | 0.65 | 16.23 | 84.80 |
