1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
表1 金线莲类原球茎诱导培养基筛选Tab. 1 Selection of induction medium induction medium of PLBs of A. roxburghii mg/L |
| Medium | 6-BA | NAA | ZT | 2,4-D | KT | TDZ | S3307 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Y1 | 2.50 | 0.20 | 0.50 | ||||
| Y2 | 2.50 | 0.20 | 0.50 | 2.00 | |||
| Y3 | 2.50 | 0.20 | 0.20 | ||||
| Y4 | 2.50 | 0.20 | 0.40 | ||||
| Y5 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 1.00 | ||||
| Y6 | 0.20 | 0.40 | |||||
| Y7 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.40 | ||||
| Y8 | 2.50 | 0.20 | 1.00 | ||||
| Y9 | 0.20 | 1.00 |
表2 L16(45)正交试验设计Tab. 2 Factors in orthogonal experimental design of L16 (45) |
| 水平 Level | 因素A Factor A | 因素B Factor B | 因素C Factor C | 因素D Factor D | 因素E Factor E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S3307/ (mg·L-1) | 6-BA/ (mg·L-1) | NAA/ (mg·L-1) | NH4+∶NO3- (mmol : mmol) | Sucrose /(g·L-1) | |
| 1 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.10 | 1∶1 (30∶30) | 30 |
| 2 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.20 | 1∶3 (15∶45) | 40 |
| 3 | 1.50 | 3.00 | 0.30 | 1∶5 (10∶50) | 50 |
| 4 | 2.00 | 4.00 | 0.40 | 1∶7 (7.5∶52.5) | 60 |
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 外植体来源对金线莲类原球茎诱导的影响
图1 不同外植体来源的金线莲类原球茎诱导率不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p<0.05)。1:普通组培苗茎段;2:经暗处理的组培苗茎段;3:光照腋生茎段;4:黑暗腋生白化茎段。 Fig. 1 Inducing rate of PLBs of A. roxburghii of different origin of explants Different lowercase letters mean significant difference (p<0.05). 1: common stem sections in light tissue culture; 2: stem sections in dark tissue culture; 3: stem sections from leaf axil in light tissue culture; 4: tiolation stem sections from leaf axil in dark culture. |
2.2 类原球茎的诱导过程
图2 金线莲类原球茎的诱导过程A:黑暗腋生白化茎段; B:黑暗腋生茎段接种后2周; C:黑暗腋生茎段接种后3周; D:黑暗腋生茎段接种后4周; E:球形类原球茎的高效增殖; F:普通组培苗茎段接种后2周; G:普通组培苗茎段接种后3周; H:普通组培苗茎段接种后4周。 Fig. 2 Induction procedure of PLBs of A. roxburghii A: etiolation stem sections from leaf axil in dark culture; B: etiolation stem sections from leaf axil in dark culture 2 weeks after inoculation; C: etiolation stem sections from leaf axil in dark culture 3 weeks after inoculation; D: etiolation stem sections from leaf axil in dark culture 4 weeks after inoculation; E: efficiency proliferation of spherical PLBs; F: common stem sections in vitro 2 weeks after inoculation; G: common stem sections in vitro 3 weeks after inoculation; H: common stem sections in vitro 4 weeks after inoculation. |
2.3 诱导培养培养基的确定
图3 不同培养基中金线莲类原球茎的诱导率和诱导数不同小写字母表示平均诱导率的差异显著(p<0.05),不同大写字母表示平均诱导个数的差异显著(p<0.05)。 Fig. 3 Inducing rate and inducing number of PLBs of A. roxburghii on different medium Different lowercase letters mean significant difference of average inducing rate (p<0.05). Different capital letters mean significant difference of average inducing number. |
2.4 外植体处理和接种方式对金线莲类原球茎诱导的影响
图4 不同外植体处理和接种方式的类原球茎诱导率不同小写字母表示差异显著(p<0.05)。1:整个茎段平放;2:整个茎段斜插;3:整个茎段埋入;4:茎段纵切半平放;5:茎段纵切半斜插;6:茎段纵切半埋入;7:茎片平放;8:茎片斜插;9:茎片埋入。 Fig. 4 Inducing rate of PLBs of A. roxburghii by different method of operation and inoculation of explants Different lowercase letters mean significant difference (p<0.05). 1: lying the whole stem segments on the surface on the medium; 2: insert the whole stem segments obliquely into the medium; 3: embed the whole stem segments completely into the medium; 4: lying the half stem segments by length cutting on the surface of the medium; 5: insert the half stem segments by length cutting obliquely into the medium; 6: embed the half stem segments by length cutting completely into the medium; 7: lying the stem slices by length cutting on the surface on the medium; 8: insert the stem slices by length cutting obliquely into the medium; 9: embed the stem slices by length cutting completely into the medium. |
2.5 暗培养时间对金线莲类原球茎诱导的影响
图5 不同暗培养时间的类原球茎诱导率和总黄酮得率不同小写字母表示平均诱导率的差异显著(p<0.05),不同大写字母表示总黄酮得率的差异显著(p<0.05)。 Fig. 5 Inducing rate and total flavonoids yield of PLBs of A. roxburghii of different dark culture time Different lowercase letters mean significant difference of average inducing rate (p<0.05). Different capital letters mean significant difference of total flavonoids yield (p<0.05). |
2.6 增殖培养培养基的确定
表3 金线莲类原球茎液体增殖培养L16(45)正交试验Tab. 3 Proliferation procedure of PLBs of A. roxburghii in Liquid based on orthogonal experimental design of L16(45) |
| 处理Treatment | S3307 /(mg·L-1) | 6-BA /(mg·L-1) | NAA /(mg·L-1) | NH4+/NO3- (mmol︰mmol) | Sucrose /(g·L-1) | 鲜重增长量 Increment of fresh weight/g | 差异显著性 Significance of difference (p<0.05) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.10 | 30︰30 | 30.00 | 20.67 | e |
| 2 | 0.50 | 2.00 | 0.20 | 15︰45 | 40.00 | 18.82 | f |
| 3 | 0.50 | 3.00 | 0.30 | 10︰50 | 50.00 | 9.16 | g |
| 4 | 0.50 | 4.00 | 0.40 | 7.5︰52.5 | 60.00 | 23.20 | cd |
| 5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.20 | 10︰50 | 60.00 | 0.65 | i |
| 6 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.10 | 7.5︰52.5 | 50.00 | 5.15 | h |
| 7 | 1.00 | 3.00 | 0.40 | 30︰30 | 40.00 | 31.24 | b |
| 8 | 1.00 | 4.00 | 0.30 | 15︰45 | 30.00 | 22.81 | d |
| 9 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 0.30 | 7.5︰52.5 | 40.00 | 1.35 | i |
| 10 | 1.50 | 2.00 | 0.40 | 10︰50 | 30.00 | 0 | i |
| 11 | 1.50 | 3.00 | 0.10 | 15︰45 | 60.00 | 24.41 | c |
| 12 | 1.50 | 4.00 | 0.20 | 30︰30 | 50.00 | 6.69 | h |
| 13 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.40 | 15︰45 | 50.00 | 35.91 | a |
| 14 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 0.30 | 30︰30 | 60.00 | 8.64 | g |
| 15 | 2.00 | 3.00 | 0.20 | 7.5︰52.5 | 30.00 | 5.35 | h |
| 16 | 2.00 | 4.00 | 0.10 | 10︰50 | 40.00 | 20.65 | e |
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (p<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示差异显著(p<0.05)。 |
表4 金线莲类原球茎增殖培养基L16(45)正交试验极差分析结果Tab. 4 Results of range analysis of L16(45) orthogonal experiment for multiplication medium of PLBs of A. roxburghii |
| 指标 Index | 因子 Factor | 水平1 Level 1 | 水平2 Level 2 | 水平3 Level 3 | 水平4 Level 4 | 极差R Range R | 优水平 Optimal level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鲜重增长量 Increment of fresh weight/g | S3307 | 17.96 | 14.96 | 8.11 | 17.63 | 9.85 | 1 |
| 6-BA | 14.65 | 8.15 | 17.54 | 18.34 | 10.19 | 4 | |
| NAA | 17.72 | 7.88 | 10.49 | 22.59 | 14.71 | 4 | |
| NH4+/NO3- | 16.81 | 25.48 | 7.62 | 8.77 | 17.87 | 2 | |
| 蔗糖Sucrose | 12.2092 | 18.0158 | 14.2292 | 14.2258 | 5.81 | 2 |
表5 金线莲类原球茎增殖培养基L16(45)正交试验方差分析结果Tab. 5 Results of variance analysis of L16(45) orthogonal experiment for multiplication medium of PLBs of A. roxburghii |
| 指标 Index | 变异来源 Variation source | 平方和 Sum of squares | 自由度 Degree of freedom | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | p-值 p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鲜重增长量 Increment of fresh weight/g | S3307 | 752.61 | 3 | 250.87 | 274.48** | 0.0001 |
| 6-BA | 770.33 | 3 | 256.78 | 280.94** | 0.0001 | |
| NAA | 1626.64 | 3 | 542.21 | 593.24** | 0.0001 | |
| NH4+/NO3- | 2474.28 | 3 | 824.76 | 902.38** | 0.0001 | |
| 蔗糖Sucrose | 211.70 | 3 | 70.57 | 77.21** | 0.0001 | |
| 误差Error | 29.25 | 32 | 0.91 | |||
| 总和Total | 5864.81 |
Note:** means extremely significant correlation (p<0.01). | |
注:**表示极显著相关(p<0.01)。 |
2.7 增殖培养时间的确定
2.8 光强对金线莲类原球茎增殖培养和总黄酮得率的影响
表6 不同光强度的金线莲类原球茎生物量增长量和总黄酮得率Tab. 6 Biomass increment and total flavonoids yield of PLBs of A. roxburghii under different light intensity |
| 光照强度UV intensity/lx | 鲜重增长量Increment of fresh weight/g | 干重增长量Increment of dry weight/g | 总黄酮得率 Total flavonoids yield /% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 10.05±1.00c | 1.65±0.11c | 1.03±0.11b |
| 500 | 31.33±2.56b | 3.85±0.12b | 1.32±0.05a |
| 1000 | 32.25±1.21b | 3.98±0.16b | 1.35±0.09a |
| 2000 | 36.47±0.74a | 4.46±0.08a | 1.12±0.03b |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant difference (p<0.05). | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(p<0.05)。 |
2.9 紫外光处理时间对金线莲类原球茎增殖培养和总黄酮得率的影响
Fig. 7 Biomass increment and total flavonoids yield of PLBs of A. roxburghii of different UV light time |
| UV处理时间 UV treatment time/d | 鲜重增长量Increment of fresh weight/g | 干重增长量Increment of dry weight/g | 总黄酮得率 Total flavonoids yield/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 34.47±2.02a | 4.46±0.18a | 1.22±0.03cd |
| 7 | 34.72±1.70a | 4.35±0.21a | 1.19±0.04d |
| 14 | 34.25±2.03a | 4.42±0.27a | 1.25±0.05bcd |
| 21 | 33.77±0.22a | 4.32±0.19a | 1.26±0.04bcd |
| 28 | 33.15±0.92a | 4.38±0.05a | 1.29±0.04bc |
| 35 | 32.38±1.27a | 4.31±0.04a | 1.32±0.03b |
| 42 | 33.47±0.72a | 4.56±0.14a | 1.40±0.02a |
| 48 | 29.18±0.92b | 4.28±0.14a | 1.42±0.05a |
| 56 | 28.74±0.60b | 4.29±0.11a | 1.39±0.03a |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant difference (p<0.05). | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(p<0.05)。 |
2.10 “二加二”法和传统单步诱导增殖法的培养效果比较
表8 “二加二”法与传统单步法培养效果比较Tab. 8 Comparison of ‘double two-step’ method and traditional single step method |
| 方法Method | 诱导率 Inducing rate/% | 初始材料扩大倍数 Amplification of initial materials | 增殖倍数 Proliferation multiple | 增殖鲜重 Proliferation of fresh weight /(g·L-1) | 总效率 Total efficiency | 稳定率 Stable rate/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 传统单步法 | 0.80±0.02 | 1.00±0.00 | 2.18±0.09 | 221.30±0.79 | 1.68±0.08 | 0.72±0.06 |
| “二加二”法 | 0.88±0.03 | 8.90±0.50 | 3.53±0.13 | 246.90±3.95 | 27.76±2.64 | 0.92±0.03 |
