1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 化感水稻内生真菌的分离结果
表1 化感水稻根、茎、叶组织内生真菌分离菌株数及分离率Tab. 1 Numbers of isolated strains and isolation rates of endophytic fungi from roots, stems and leaves of three allelopathic rice |
| 化感水稻 Allelopathic rice | 根Root | 茎Stem | 叶Leave | 合计 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 菌株数 Strains number | 分离率 Isolation rate/% | 菌株数 Strains number | 分离率 Isolation rate/% | 菌株数 Strains number | 分离率 Isolation rate/% | Total | |
| PI312777 | 5 | 20.83 | 7 | 24.14 | 6 | 35.29 | 18 |
| 6173 | 8 | 33.33 | 10 | 34.48 | 5 | 29.41 | 23 |
| 6180 | 4 | 16.67 | 6 | 20.69 | 3 | 17.65 | 13 |
| 嘉兴8号 | 7 | 29.17 | 6 | 20.69 | 3 | 17.65 | 16 |
| 合计 | 24 | 34.29 | 29 | 41.43 | 17 | 24.28 | 70 |
2.2 水稻内生真菌种类鉴定
表2 化感水稻中分离鉴定到的内生真菌Tab. 2 Endophytic fungi isolated from the allelopathic rice |
| 编号 No. | 菌种 Strains | 属名 Genus | 菌株数量Strains number | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PI312777 | 6173 | 6180 | 嘉兴8号 | |||
| 1 | 灰霉菌 | 葡萄孢属 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2 | 燕麦镰刀菌 | 镰刀菌属 | 2 | 2 | 1 | - |
| 3 | 禾谷镰刀菌 | 镰刀菌属 | 1 | 1 | - | - |
| 4 | 深绿木霉 | 木霉属 | 1 | 2 | - | 2 |
| 5 | 黄曲霉 | 曲霉属 | 2 | - | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 指状青霉菌 | 青霉属 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 |
| 7 | 产黄青霉菌 | 青霉属 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | 黑曲霉 | 曲霉属 | 1 | 2 | 2 | - |
| 9 | 塔宾曲霉 | 曲霉属 | 1 | 1 | 2 | - |
| 10 | 粘红酵母 | 红酵母属 | 1 | 2 | - | - |
| 11 | 圆弧青霉 | 青霉属 | 1 | - | 2 | 1 |
| 12 | 毛壳霉 | 毛壳霉属 | 1 | - | - | 1 |
| 13 | 麦角菌 | 麦角属 | 1 | 2 | 1 | - |
| 14 | 米曲霉 | 曲霉属 | - | 1 | - | 1 |
| 15 | 杂色曲霉 | 曲霉属 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 16 | 卷枝毛霉 | 毛霉属 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 |
| 17 | 禾谷丝核菌 | 丝核菌属 | 1 | 2 | - | 2 |
| 总计 | 18 | 23 | 13 | 16 | ||
注:-表示未分离到菌种。 | |
Note: - means no strains isolated. |
2.3 不同浓度化感水稻内生真菌发酵液对水稻生长的影响
表3 不同浓度的塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母菌发酵液对水稻生长的影响Tab. 3 Effects of A. tubingensis and R. mucilaginosa fermentation liquid with different concentrations on growth of rice |
| 发酵液种类 Fermentation liquor type | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 萌发率 Germination rate/% | 水稻嘉兴8号 Rice Jiaxing 8 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 株高Stem height/cm | 根长Root length/cm | 鲜重Fresh weight/g | |||
| 塔宾曲霉 | 5 | 75.00 | 7.62±0.26d | 4.16±0.23bc | 0.096±0.004b |
| 10 | 78.00 | 7.79±0.23cd | 4.28±0.19c | 0.097±0.007bc | |
| 50 | 73.67 | 9.42±0.20a | 5.67±0.26a | 0.113±0.010a | |
| 粘红酵母 | 5 | 75.67 | 8.73±0.28b | 4.57±0.22b | 0.109±0.006ab |
| 10 | 74.90 | 8.19±0.20c | 4.27±0.26bc | 0.098±0.004bc | |
| 50 | 72.33 | 7.83±0.22cd | 4.15±0.11bc | 0.096±0.009bc | |
| CK | 71.33 | 7.61±0.23d | 4.10±0.17c | 0.095±0.007c | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.4 不同浓度塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母发酵液对水稻不同酶活性的影响
图1 不同浓度塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母发酵液对水稻苯丙氨酸解氨酶酶活性的影响A:塔宾曲霉稀释5倍发酵液;B:塔宾曲霉稀释10倍发酵液;C:塔宾曲霉稀释50倍发酵液;D:粘红酵母稀释5倍发酵液;E:粘红酵母稀释10倍发酵液;F:粘红酵母稀释50倍发酵液。不同大写字母表示对照和处理组间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示组内差异显著(P<0.05) Fig. 1 Effects of different concentrations of fermentation liquid from A. tubingensis and R. mucilaginosa on activity of PAL enzyme in rice A: Five-fold dilutions of A. tubingensis fermentation broth; B: Ten-fold dilutions of A. tubingensis fermentation broth; C: Fifty-fold dilutions of A. tubingensis fermentation broth; D: Five-fold dilutions of R. mucilaginosa fermentation broth; E: Ten-fold dilutions of R. mucilaginosa fermentation broth; F: Fifty-fold dilutions of R. mucilaginosa fermentation broth. Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference between control and treatment group (P<0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference in same group (P<0.05). |
图2 不同浓度的塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母发酵液对水稻过氧化物酶活性的影响A:塔宾曲霉稀释5倍发酵液;B:塔宾曲霉稀释10倍发酵液;C:塔宾曲霉稀释50倍发酵液;D:粘红酵母稀释5倍发酵液;E:粘红酵母稀释10倍发酵液;F:粘红酵母稀释50倍发酵液。不同大写字母表示对照和处理组间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示组内差异显著(P<0.05) Fig. 2 Effects of different concentrations of fermentation liquid from A. tubingensis and R. mucilaginosa on activity of POD enzyme in rice A: Five-fold dilutions of A. tubingensis fermentation broth; B: Ten-fold dilutions of A. tubingensis fermentation broth; C: Fifty-fold dilutions of A. tubingensis fermentation broth; D: Five-fold dilutions of R. mucilaginosa fermentation broth; E: Ten-fold dilutions of R. mucilaginosa fermentation broth; F: Fifty-fold dilutions of R. mucilaginosa fermentation broth. Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference between control and treatment group (P<0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference in same group (P<0.05). |
2.5 稗稻共生条件下塔宾曲霉及粘红酵母发酵液对水稻幼苗生长的影响
表4 塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母对水稻‘嘉兴8号’生长的影响Tab. 4 Effects of A. tubingensis and R. mucilaginosa on the growth of rice JiaXing 8 |
| 处理 Treatments | 出苗率 Emergenc Rate/% | 分蘖数 Tiller number | 株高 Stem height/cm | 叶宽 Leaf width/cm | 根长 Root length/cm | 鲜重 Wet weight/g | 干重 Dry weight/g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 58 | 3 | 37.343±1.751a | 1.673±0.021a | 19.288±2.037a | 12.875±1.696a | 0.361±0.032a |
| B | 69 | 3 | 34.914±1.644b | 1.537±0.014a | 19.052±2.101a | 11.856±1.339ab | 0.327±0.027b |
| C | 50 | 3 | 31.967±1.203c | 1.546±0.030ab | 17.964±1.872b | 11.185±1.190b | 0.337±0.045ab |
| D | 77 | 3 | 33.981±1.662bc | 1.495±0.032c | 16.610±1.544c | 11.348±1.505b | 0.340±0.033ab |
注:A为‘嘉兴8号’与稗草共培养,施加塔宾曲霉50倍发酵液;B为‘嘉兴8号’与稗草共培养,施加粘红酵母5倍发酵液;C为‘嘉兴8号’与稗草共培养,自然条件处理;D为‘6173’与稗草共培养,自然条件处理。同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: A is ‘Jiaxing 8’ co-cultured with barnyard grass, and applied with 50-fold fermentation broth of A. tubingensis; B is ‘Jiaxing 8’ co-cultured with barnyard grass, and applied with 5-fold fermentation broth of R. mucilaginosa; C is ‘Jiaxing 8’ co-cultured with barnyard grass under natural conditions; D is ‘6173’ co-cultured with barnyard grass under natural conditions. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
