1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 添加喷雾助剂后药液理化性质(表面张力、叶面接触角)的变化
表1 添加3种助剂后22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂药液表面张力、叶面接触角和最大持留量的变化Tab. 1 Changes of surface tension, contact angle and maximum retention of spirotetramat 22.4% SC liquid after adding three adjuvants |
| 助剂 Adjuvant | 质量浓度 Concentration/(mg·L-1) | 表面张力 Surface tension | 接触角 Contact angle | 最大持留量 Maximum retention | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均值 Mean value /(mN·m-1) | 变化率 Rate of change/% | 平均值 Mean value/° | 变化率 Rate of change/% | 平均值 Mean value /(mg·cm-2) | 变化率 Rate of change/% | ||
| 快速渗透剂T | 1000 | 30.1±0.5g | -17.4 | 36.1±0.5e | -25.4 | 3.11±0.11a | 23.8 |
| 500 | 32.9±0.4de | -9.6 | 38.4±0.2d | -20.6 | 3.08±0.25a | 22.8 | |
| 250 | 34.3±0.7c | -5.9 | 39.7±0.3c | -18.0 | 2.79±0.11ab | 11.0 | |
| 有机硅DA101 | 1000 | 26.2±0.3i | -28.0 | 30.0±0.2i | -37.9 | 3.07±0.20a | 22.3 |
| 500 | 27.2±0.2h | -25.4 | 32.5±0.1h | -32.8 | 3.01±0.13ab | 19.9 | |
| 250 | 31.3±0.2f | -13.9 | 33.5±0.3g | -30.7 | 2.85±0.23ab | 13.7 | |
| 植物油类助剂HZS | 1000 | 29.1±0.3g | -20.0 | 34.6±0.2f | -28.4 | 3.26±0.28a | 30.0 |
| 500 | 32.3±0.1e | -11.3 | 36.5±0.3e | -24.6 | 3.13±0.12a | 24.6 | |
| 250 | 33.4±0.2cd | -8.3 | 38.1±0.4d | -21.2 | 2.95±0.15ab | 17.7 | |
| 药液对照 | 36.4±0.3b | 48.4±0.2b | 2.51±0.16b | ||||
| 清水对照 | 72.3±0.2a | 65.4±0.2a | 1.65±0.11c | ||||
注:同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column show significant difference (P<0.05). |
表2 添加3种助剂后100 g/L联苯菊酯乳油药液表面张力、叶面接触角和最大持留量的变化Tab. 2 Changes of surface tension, contact angle and maximum retention of bifenthrin 100 g/L EC liquid after adding three adjuvants |
| 助剂 Adjuvant | 质量浓度 Concentration/(mg·L-1) | 表面张力 Surface tension | 接触角 Contact angle | 最大持留量 Maximum retention | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均值 Mean value /(mN·m-1) | 变化率 Rate of change/% | 平均值 Mean value/° | 变化率 Rate of change/% | 平均值 Mean value /(mg·cm-2) | 变化率 Rate of change/% | ||
| 快速渗透剂T | 1000 | 31.9±0.4de | -5.7 | 27.7±0.5f | -32.3 | 3.04±0.05a | 17.4 |
| 500 | 32.6±0.1cd | -3.7 | 30.9±0.2e | -24.4 | 2.91±0.16ab | 12.4 | |
| 250 | 32.8±0.3c | -3.0 | 37.8±0.2c | -7.7 | 2.84±0.09ab | 9.7 | |
| 有机硅DA101 | 1000 | 29.7±0.3f | -12.1 | 20.3±0.3h | -50.4 | 2.96±0.19a | 14.2 |
| 500 | 30.1±0.2f | -10.8 | 25.6±0.5g | -37.5 | 2.85±0.04ab | 9.9 | |
| 250 | 30.3±0.3f | -10.3 | 30.4±0.2e | -25.6 | 2.81±0.17ab | 8.5 | |
| 植物油类助剂HZS | 1000 | 31.3±0.2e | -7.5 | 26.7±0.5f | -34.6 | 3.14±0.12a | 21.4 |
| 500 | 32.0±0.2cde | -5.2 | 30.4±0.3e | -25.7 | 3.02±0.02a | 16.7 | |
| 250 | 32.3±0.2cd | -4.5 | 36.5±0.4d | -10.8 | 2.88±0.10ab | 11.3 | |
| 药液对照 | 33.8±0.4b | 40.9±0.5b | 2.59±0.11b | ||||
| 清水对照 | 72.3±0.2a | 65.4±0.2a | 1.65±0.11c | ||||
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column show significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.2 添加喷雾助剂后药液在金钗石斛叶片最大持留量的变化
2.3 喷雾助剂对2种药剂防治石斛菲盾蚧室内毒力的增效作用
表3 3种助剂添加后螺虫乙酯防治石斛菲盾蚧室内毒力变化Tab. 3 Indoor virulence changes against P. dendrobii after adding three additives to spirotetramat |
| 处理 Treatment | 回归方程 Regression equation | 致死中浓度 LC50/(mg·L-1) | 卡方 c2 | P | 增效比 Synergism ratio/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 药剂对照 | y=1.905x-2.617 | 23.622(16.020~34.680) | 5.827 | 0.120 | |
| 药剂+快速渗透剂T | y=1.637x-1.948 | 15.496(7.960~24.429) | 7.129 | 0.068 | 34.4 |
| 药剂+有机硅DA101 | y=1.926x-2.482 | 19.439(9.868~34.276) | 11.906 | 0.008 | 17.7 |
| 药剂+植物油类助剂HZS | y=2.000x-2.433 | 16.474(7.694~28.504) | 12.610 | 0.006 | 30.3 |
表4 3种助剂添加后联苯菊酯防治石斛菲盾蚧室内毒力变化Tab. 4 Indoor virulence changes against P. dendrobii after adding three additives to bifenthrin |
| 处理 Treatment | 回归方程 Regression equation | 致死中浓度 LC50/(mg·L-1) | 卡方 c2 | P | 增效比 Synergism ratio/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 药剂对照 | y=1.818x-2.890 | 38.833(32.908~45.796) | 2.348 | 0.503 | |
| 药剂+快速渗透剂T | y=1.755x-2.616 | 30.928(15.346~54.390) | 10.546 | 0.014 | 20.4 |
| 药剂+有机硅DA101 | y=1.794x-2.701 | 32.043(18.510~51.356) | 8.075 | 0.044 | 17.5 |
| 药剂+植物油类助剂HZS | y=1.834x-2.693 | 29.397(9.955~62.702) | 16.954 | 0.001 | 24.3 |
2.4 喷雾助剂对2种药剂防治石斛菲盾蚧田间防效的增效作用
表5 添加快速渗透剂T后22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂对石斛菲盾蚧田间防效的变化Tab. 5 Field effect changes against P. dendrobii after adding fast penetrating agent T to spirotetramat 22.4% SC |
| 药剂质量浓度 Concentration/(mg·L-1) | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 防效变化率 Rate of change of control efficacy /% | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 螺虫乙酯 Spirotetramat | 螺虫乙酯+快速渗透剂T Spirotetramat + Fast penetrating agent T | ||
| 6.25 | 14.6±1.4a | 15.8±2.7a | 8.2 |
| 12.5 | 29.7±2.2a | 34.5±0.9a | 16.2 |
| 25 | 47.8±5.1a | 58.7±2.9a | 22.8 |
| 50 | 66.6±3.1a | 81.6±1.6a | 22.5 |
| 100 | 80.2±1.8a | 90.3±1.7a | 12.6 |
注:同一行相同小写字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。 | |
Note: The same lowercase letters in the same row indicate no significant difference (P>0.05). |
表6 添加植物油类助剂HZS后100 g/L联苯菊酯乳油对石斛菲盾蚧田间防效的变化Tab. 6 Field effect changes against P. dendrobii after adding HZS to bifenthrin 100 g/L EC |
| 药剂质量浓度Concentration/(mg·L-1) | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 防效变化率 Rate of change of control efficacy/% | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 联苯菊酯Bifenthrin | 联苯菊酯+植物油类助剂HZS Bifenthrin+HZS | ||
| 10 | 13.5±1.0a | 15.2±0.8a | 12.6 |
| 20 | 28.4±4.2a | 36.2±1.4a | 27.5 |
| 40 | 37.1±3.5a | 44.5±2.1a | 19.9 |
| 80 | 61.2±1.7a | 75.4±3.1a | 23.2 |
| 160 | 78.2±1.2a | 86.5±1.2a | 10.6 |
注:同一行相同小写字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。 | |
Note: The same lowercase letters in the same row indicate no significant difference (P>0.05). |
