1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 营养液配方Tab. 1 Constitute of nutrient solution |
| 大量元素 Macroelement | 微量元素 Microelement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 化合物 Chemical compound | 用量 Dosage/(mg·L-1) | 元素含量 Element content/(mg·L-1) | 化合物 Chemical compound | 用量 Dosage/(mg·L-1) | 元素含量 Element content/(mg·L-1) |
| Ca(NO3)2·4H2O | 945 | N: 210; Ca: 16 | FeSO4·7H2O | 2.86 | Fe: 0.58 |
| KNO3 | 607 | K: 234 | H3BO3 | 2.13 | B: 0.37 |
| NH4H2PO4 | 115 | P: 31 | MnSO4·7H2O | 0.22 | Mn: 0.04 |
| ZnSO4·7H2O | 0.22 | Zn: 0.05 | CuSO4·7H2O | 0.08 | Cu: 0.02 |
| (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O | 0.02 | Mo: 0.01 | |||
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 镁对苦瓜生长的影响
表2 不同镁浓度下苦瓜的生长发育Tab. 2 Growth and development of M. charantia under different Mg concentrations |
| Mg浓度 Mg concentration/(mg·L-1) | 株高 Plant height/cm | 根长 Root length/cm | 根系体积 Root volume/cm3 | 生物量 Biological yield/g | 根冠比 Root/shoot ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 192.67±30.35cC | 12.67±1.15cC | 4.33±0.58eD | 44.4±1.2dD | 0.04±0.01bB |
| 20 | 276.00±3.61aAB | 17.67±2.08bBC | 5.33±0.58dCD | 70.3±1.0bB | 0.08±0.02aAB |
| 40 | 304.00±19.70aA | 24.33±2.08aA | 9.33±0.58aA | 84.7±5.6aA | 0.08±0.01aA |
| 80 | 230.67±11.00bBC | 21.67±2.89aAB | 7.67±0.58bB | 54.0±2.8cC | 0.07±0.02aAB |
| 160 | 205.67±12.34bcC | 17.33±0.58bBC | 6.33±0.58cBC | 47.5±4.6cdCD | 0.06±0.01abAB |
注:同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01);不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.2 镁对苦瓜光合色素的影响
表3 不同镁浓度下苦瓜光合色素Tab. 3 Photosynthetic pigments of M. charantia under different Mg concentrations |
| Mg浓度 Mg concentration/(mg·L-1) | 叶绿素a Chlorophyll a/(mg·g-1) | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b/(mg·g-1) | 叶绿素(a+b) Chlorophyll (a+b)/(mg·g-1) | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids/(mg·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 6.49±0.82cC | 2.33±0.32cC | 8.82±1.13cC | 3.17±0.97cB |
| 20 | 9.67±0.36bB | 3.95±0.34bB | 13.62±0.28bB | 4.09±0.17bB |
| 40 | 14.34±0.59aA | 6.59±0.27aA | 20.93±0.47aA | 5.71±0.24aA |
| 80 | 9.97±0.17bB | 4.23±0.30bB | 14.20±0.46bB | 4.20±0.34bB |
| 160 | 5.87±0.43cC | 2.26±0.48cC | 8.13±0.52cC | 3.00±0.15cB |
注:同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01);不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.3 镁对苦瓜碳氮代谢的影响
表4 不同镁浓度下苦瓜碳氮代谢Tab. 4 Carbon and nitrogen metabolism of M. charantia under different Mg concentrations |
| Mg浓度 Mg concentration /(mg·L-1) | 可溶性糖 Soluble sugar /(mg·g-1) | 可溶性蛋白质 Soluble protein /(mg·g-1) | 硝酸还原酶 Nitrate reductase /(μg·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 16.39±1.89bC | 25.29±4.65cB | 9.93±0.49bB |
| 20 | 21.32±4.07bBC | 54.31±0.85abA | 12.87±2.25bAB |
| 40 | 36.34±7.55aA | 58.50±1.67aA | 19.17±2.39aA |
| 80 | 35.61±5.20aA | 46.05±9.99bA | 14.33±4.48abAB |
| 160 | 30.38±1.95aAB | 31.31±2.86cB | 12.83±1.03bAB |
注:同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01);不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.4 镁对苦瓜活性氧产生和细胞膜透性的影响
表5 不同镁浓度下苦瓜细胞膜透性和活性氧产生情况Tab. 5 Cell membrane permeability and reactive oxygen species production of M. charantia under different Mg concentrations |
| Mg浓度 Mg concentration /(mg·L-1) | O2-产生速率 Production rate of O2- /(μmol·s-1·g-1) | H2O2含量 H2O2 content /(μmol·g-1) | MDA含量 MDA content /(μmol·g-1) | Pro含量 Pro content /(μg·g-1) | 细胞膜透性 Cell membrane permeability/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1.80±0.56aA | 0.24±0.04bAB | 43.60±2.07aA | 42.64±3.02aA | 0.70±0.03aA |
| 20 | 1.33±0.08abAB | 0.17±0.02cBC | 30.08±3.00bB | 32.21±1.10bB | 0.56±0.07bA |
| 40 | 0.67±0.07cB | 0.15±0.03cC | 20.12±2.74dD | 26.34±1.56cC | 0.39±0.06cB |
| 80 | 1.17±0.09bcAB | 0.18±0.03cBC | 24.18±3.80cdC | 31.70±1.24bB | 0.41±0.05cB |
| 160 | 1.33±0.15abAB | 0.31±0.01aA | 27.57±1.42cC | 32.39±0.36bB | 0.70±0.04aA |
注:同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01);不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.5 镁对苦瓜抗氧化物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响
表6 不同镁浓度下苦瓜抗氧化物质和抗氧化酶活性Tab. 6 Antioxidant substances and antioxidant enzyme activities of M. charantia under different Mg concentrations |
| Mg浓度 Mg concentration/(mg·L-1) | GSH含量 GSH content/(μg·g-1) | GR活性 GR activity/(μmol·g-1·min-1) | APX活性 APX activity/(U·g-1) | DHAR活性 DHAR activity/(μmol·g-1·min-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 5765.33±321.55dD | 1.29±0.68abAB | 80 142.86±5039.23aA | 33.78±2.00cB |
| 20 | 7618.67±350.61bB | 1.84±0.50aAB | 86 571.43±1020.40aA | 37.89±2.17bA |
| 40 | 11 668.67±124.23aA | 0.80±0.20bB | 39 428.57±2204.86cC | 44.34±3.50aA |
| 80 | 7908.67±129.66bB | 1.38±0.71abAB | 61 190.48±5940.75bB | 43.67±4.56aA |
| 160 | 6725.33±615.32cC | 1.98±0.50aA | 67 952.38±1736.89bB | 32.11±3.54cB |
注:同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01);不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
表7 不同镁浓度下苦瓜保护酶活性Tab. 7 Protective enzyme activities of M. charantia under different Mg concentrations |
| Mg浓度 Mg concentration /(mg·L-1) | SOD活性 SOD activity /(U·g-1·min-1) | POD活性 POD activity /(U·g-1·min-1) | CAT活性 CAT activity /(U·g-1·min-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 890.69±25.39aA | 7.42±0.95cB | 26.11±3.10cB |
| 20 | 904.78±15.41aA | 9.76±2.06bcAB | 46.22±6.92bAB |
| 40 | 930.93±13.69aA | 12.98±1.78abA | 65.89±12.51aA |
| 80 | 913.70±16.47aA | 13.57±1.25aA | 48.33±8.45abAB |
| 160 | 885.34±47.60aA | 9.20±1.69cAB | 33.22±14.01bcB |
注:同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01);不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
