1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
表1 赤霉素、蔗糖和无机盐因素水平Tab. 1 Levels of gibberellin, sucrose and inorganic salts |
| 水平 Level | GA3浓度 Concentration of GA3/(mg·L‒1) | 蔗糖浓度 Concentration of sucrose/(g·L‒1) | 无机盐浓度 Concentration of inorganic salt |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1/10MS |
| 2 | 50 | 20 | 1/5MS |
| 3 | 100 | 30 | 1/2MS |
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 阴生桫椤快繁体系
图1 阴生桫椤的组培繁殖途径A:孢子;B:初生假根;C:丝状体;D:成熟原叶体;E:配子发育;F:配子体诱导产生GGB;G:分离出的GGB团;H:幼孢子体,第1片真叶;I:成熟孢子体幼苗;J~L:幼苗移栽。 Fig. 1 Tissue culture propagation paths of Alsophila latebrosa A: Spores; B: Primary rhizoid; C: Protonema; D: Mature prothallus; E: Gametophyte development; F: Gametophyte-induced GGB; G: GGB isolated; H: Juvenile sporophyte with its first true leaf; I: Mature sporophyte seedlings; J-L: Seedling transplanting |
表2 阴生桫椤孢子萌发实验方差分析结果Tab. 2 Results of variance analysis of spore germination of A. latebrosa |
| 方差来源 Source of variance | 第3类平方和 Type Ⅲ SS | df | 平均值平方 Mean square | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 无机盐 | 1773.02 | 2 | 886.51 | 24.55 | 0.39 |
| 蔗糖 | 1655.23 | 2 | 827.62 | 22.92 | 0.42 |
| 赤霉素 | 299.39 | 2 | 149.70 | 4.15 | 0.19 |
| 误差 | 1837.41 | 72.21 | 36.11 |
表3 不同因素水平的赤霉素、蔗糖和无机盐下阴生桫椤孢子萌发情况Tab. 3 Germination of spore of A. latebrosaunder different levels of gibberellin, sucrose, and inorganic salts |
| 编号 No. | GA3因素水平 Level of GA3 | 蔗糖因素水平 Level of sucrose | 无机盐因素水平 Level of inorganic | / | 萌发率 Germination rate/% | 开始萌发时间 Start germination time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 62.33 | 2周 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 32.00 | 3周 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.00 | |
| 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 45.00 | 2周 |
| 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0.00 | |
| 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 30.00 | 3周 |
| 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 20.67 | 3周 |
| 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 31.33 | 4周 |
| 9 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0.00 | |
| K1 | 31.44 | 42.67 | 41.22 | 20.78 | ||
| K2 | 25.00 | 21.11 | 25.67 | 27.56 | ||
| K3 | 17.33 | 10.00 | 6.89 | 25.44 | ||
| R | 14.11 | 32.67 | 34.33 | 6.78 |
表4 不同浓度NAA和6-BA下诱导阴生桫椤配子体产生GGB情况Tab. 4 GGB induced by the gametophytes of A. latebrosa under different concentrations of NAA and 6-BA |
| 处理号 No. | 6-BA浓度 Concentration of 6-BA/(mg·L‒1) | NAA浓度 Concentration of NAA/(mg·L‒1) | 诱导率 Induction rate/% | 增殖倍数 Multiplication multiple | GGB生长情况 GGB growth | 产生GGB时间 GGB generation time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 3.33±5.77ab | 1.33±0.58abcd | 几乎没有诱导出GGB | 9周之后 |
| 2 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 16.67±5.77abcd | 2.00±1.00bcde | GGB生长缓慢,呈深绿色颗粒团状 | 6周之后 |
| 3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 3.33±5.77ab | 1.67±0.58abcd | 几乎没有诱导出GGB | 9周之后 |
| 4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a | 没有诱导出GGB | |
| 5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 40.00±10.00fg | 2.67±1.53de | GGB生长良好,呈深绿色颗粒团状 | 6周之后 |
| 6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 33.33±5.77defg | 2.00±1.73bcde | GGB生长良好,呈深绿色颗粒团状 | 4周之后 |
| 7 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 36.67±5.77efg | 2.33±1.53cde | GGB生长缓慢,配子体发黄 | 6周之后 |
| 8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 23.33±11.55cdef | 1.67±0.58abcd | GGB生长缓慢,呈深绿色颗粒团状 | 6周之后 |
| 9 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 20.00±17.32bcde | 1.00±0.00abcd | GGB生长良好,呈深绿色颗粒团状 | 5周之后 |
| 10 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 46.67±5.77g | 3.67±1.53e | GGB生长良好,呈深绿色颗粒团状,松紧程度良好 | 6周之后 |
| 11 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 23.33±20.82cdef | 1.00±1.00abcd | GGB呈浅黄色,结构紧密,较硬 | 6周之后 |
| 12 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 3.33±5.77ab | 0.33±0.58ab | 几乎没有诱导出GGB | 9周之后 |
| 13 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 16.67±11.55abcd | 1.00±1.00abcd | GGB呈浅黄色,结构紧密 | |
| 14 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 26.67±15.28def | 2.33±0.58cde | GGB和配子体出现变黄现象 | 6周之后 |
| 15 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 3.33±5.77ab | 0.33±0.58ab | 几乎没有诱导出GGB | 9周之后 |
| 16 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 6.67±5.77abc | 0.67±1.15abc | GGB生长缓慢 | 9周之后 |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
表5 不同浓度KT和IAA下阴生桫椤GGB分化情况Tab. 5 GGB differentiation of A. latebrosa under different concentrations of KT and IAA |
| 处理号 No. | KT浓度 Concentration of KT/(mg·L‒1) | IAA浓度 Concentration of IAA/(mg·L‒1) | 分化率 Differentiation rate/% | 开始分化时间 Time to start differentiation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| 2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 30.00±2.69f | 7周 |
| 3 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 28.90±1.56f | 7周 |
| 4 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| 5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 33.33±2.74f | 8周 |
| 6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 38.90±3.11g | 7周 |
| 7 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 20.00±2.69e | 10周 |
| 8 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| 9 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 21.13±4.16e | 7周 |
| 10 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 13.33±2.74cd | 8周 |
| 11 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| 12 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 17.77±4.15de | 10周 |
| 13 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| 14 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 21.10±3.11e | 9周 |
| 15 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 5.57±4.16ab | 9周 |
| 16 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 10.00±2.69bc | 10周 |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
表6 不同培养基下阴生桫椤孢子体幼苗生根情况Tab. 6 Rooting status of sporophyte seedlings of A. latebrosa in different medium |
| 处理号 No. | 培养基 Culture medium | 平均生根率 Average rooting rate/% | 开始生根时间 Time to start rooting |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1/2 MS | 60.00±6.70ab | 3周 |
| 2 | 1/2 MS+IBA 0.2 mg/L+ NAA 0.2 mg/L | 77.80±7.74c | 3周 |
| 3 | 1/2 MS+BA 0.05 g/L+ IBA 0.05 g/L | 51.10±3.81a | 4周 |
| 4 | 1/2 MS+IBA 0.2 mg/L | 40.00±6.67a | 4周 |
| 5 | 1/2 MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L | 40.00±23.09a | 4周 |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
表7 不同基质下阴生桫椤幼苗成活情况Tab. 7 Survival status of seedling of A. latebrosa in different substrate |
| 编号 No. | 基质 Matrix | 成活率 Survival rate/% |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 蛭石:石沙=2:1 | 48.83±16.76ab |
| 2 | 菜园土:泥炭土=2:1 | 32.20±6.97a |
| 3 | 菜园土:珍珠岩=2:1 | 48.83±13.49ab |
| 4 | 泥炭土:菜园土:珍珠岩=3:3:1 | 67.73±8.36b |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
2.2 大叶黑桫椤快繁体系
表8 不同无机盐浓度下大叶黑桫椤孢子萌发情况Tab. 8 Germination of spore of A. gigantea under different concentrations of inorganic salt |
| 编号 No. | 无机盐 Inorganic salt | 萌发率 Germination rate/% | 开始萌发时间 Start germination time |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MS | 27.13±16.70a | 3周 |
| 2 | 1/2 MS | 24.53±6.68a | 4周 |
| 3 | 1/5 MS | 29.89±13.97a | 2周 |
| 4 | 1/8 MS | 27.77±13.23a | 2周 |
| 5 | 1/10 MS | 40.66±5.63a | 2周 |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
图2 大叶黑桫椤的组培繁殖途径A:孢子;B:孢子萌发;C:初生假根;D~E:丝状体;F:片状体;G:心形原叶体;H:假根;I:GGB生长点;J:颈卵器(箭头所示);K:炼苗;L:移栽后萎焉的幼苗。 Fig. 2 Tissue culture propagation paths of Alsophila gigantean A: Spores; B: Spore germination; C: Primary pseudoroots; D-E: Filaments; F: Lamellars; G: Heart-shaped protophytes; H: Rhizoids; I: GGB growth point; J: Ovary organs (As shown by the arrow ); K: Training seedlings; L: Wilting seedlings after transplanting. |
表9 不同植物生长调节剂下大叶黑桫椤诱导GGB情况Tab. 9 GGB induced by A. gigantea under different plant growth regulators |
| 编号 No. | 植物生长调节剂种类 Plant growth regulators type | 植物生长调节剂浓度 Concentration of plant growth regulators/(mg·L‒1) | 平均诱导率 Average induction rate/% | 增殖倍数 Multiplication multiple |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E1 | IBA | 0.1 | 37.33±2.31ef | 2.33±0.58cdef |
| E2 | 0.3 | 52.00±6.93h | 4.67±0.58h | |
| E3 | 0.5 | 33.33±6.11de | 2.33±1.53cdef | |
| E4 | 1.0 | 37.33±2.31ef | 3.67±0.58fgh | |
| E5 | NAA | 0.1 | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a |
| E6 | 0.3 | 21.33±2.31c | 1.33±0.58abc | |
| E7 | 0.5 | 25.33±8.33cd | 2.33±1.15cdef | |
| E8 | 1.0 | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a | |
| E9 | KT | 0.1 | 26.67±2.31cd | 1.67±1.53bcd |
| E10 | 0.5 | 32.00±4.00de | 3.00±1.00defg | |
| E11 | 1.0 | 26.67±2.31cd | 2.33±0.58cdef | |
| E12 | 2.0 | 21.33±8.33c | 2.00±1.00cdef | |
| E13 | 6-BA | 0.1 | 41.33±2.31fg | 3.33±0.58efgh |
| E14 | 0.5 | 46.67±2.31gh | 4.44±1.00gh | |
| E15 | 1.0 | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a | |
| E16 | 2.0 | 12.00±6.93b | 0.67±0.58ab | |
| E17 | 空白 | 0.0 | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
表10 不同植物生长调节剂下大叶黑桫椤GGB分化情况Tab. 10 GGB differentiation of A. gigantea under different plant growth regulators |
| 编号 No. | 生长调节剂种类 Plant growth regulators type | 植物生长调节剂浓度 Concentration of plant growth regulators/(mg·L‒1) | 分化率 Differentiation rate/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| F1 | IBA | 0.1 | 12.00±4.00cde |
| F2 | 0.3 | 6.67±2.31abc | |
| F3 | 0.5 | 14.67±2.31de | |
| F4 | 1.0 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| F5 | NAA | 0.1 | 29.33±8.33f |
| F6 | 0.3 | 45.33±2.31i | |
| F7 | 0.5 | 32.00±4.00fg | |
| F8 | 1.0 | 9.33±2.31bcde | |
| F9 | KT | 0.1 | 13.33±2.31cde |
| F10 | 0.5 | 16.00±4.00e | |
| F11 | 1.0 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| F12 | 2.0 | 0.00±0.00a | |
| F13 | 6-BA | 0.1 | 36.00±6.93gh |
| F14 | 0.5 | 41.33±2.31hi | |
| F15 | 1.0 | 8.00±0.00bcd | |
| F16 | 2.0 | 4.00±4.00ab | |
| F17 | 空白 | 0.0 | 8.00±4.00bcd |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
表11 不同浓度IAA、NAA下大叶黑桫椤孢子体幼苗生根情况Tab. 11 Rooting status of sporophyte seedlings of A. giganteaunder different concentrations of IAA and NAA |
| 处理号 No. | IAA浓度 Concentration of IAA/(mg·L‒1) | NAA浓度 Concentration of NAA/(mg·L‒1) | 生根率 Rooting rate/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 24.00±4.00abc |
| G2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 25.33±2.31abc |
| G3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 30.67±12.22abcd |
| G4 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 28.00±4.00abc |
| G5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 34.60±2.31cd |
| G6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 41.33±6.11d |
| G7 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 33.33±2.31bcd |
| G8 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 41.33±2.31d |
| G9 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 34.60±12.7cd |
| G10 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 52.00±4.00e |
| G11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 34.67±2.31cd |
| G12 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 34.67±2.31cd |
| G13 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 21.33±4.62a |
| G14 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 22.67±6.11ab |
| G15 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 33.33±6.11bcd |
| G16 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 25.33±2.31abc |
注:同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(α=0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (α=0.05). |
