1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 美舍河底泥采样断面信息Tab. 1 Information of soil sampling sites in Meishe River |
| 河段位置 Position | 采样断面 Sampling section | 采样点位 Sampling site | 土壤类型 Soil type | 周边主要人类活动 Human activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 上游Ⅰ | 沙坡水库南端 | 110库南端 190库南端 | 水库底泥,淤泥质土 | 农田、村庄、 废弃休闲山庄 |
| 上游Ⅱ | 沙坡水库东北端 | 110库东北端弃休闲山 190库东北端弃休闲山 | 近岸底泥 | 农田、道路 |
| 中游 | 国兴桥 | 110道路岸边植被 200道路岸边植被 | 河流底泥,淤泥质土 | 道路和居民点 |
| 下游 | 和平桥 | 110道路和居民点 200道路和居民点 | 河流底泥,淤泥质土 | 道路和居民点 |
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 沉积物pH时空分布
图1 底泥沉积物采样断面pH的时空分布特征不同小写字母表示4月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,不同大写字母表示9月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,*表示不同采样时间之间在0.05水平上差异显著。 Fig. 1 Characteristics of pH value of sediments at different sampling sections Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in April, different capital letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in September, * indicates significant difference at the level of 0.05 between different sampling time. |
2.2 沉积物有机碳时空分布
图2 底泥沉积物采样断面有机碳含量时空特征不同小写字母表示4月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,不同大写字母表示9月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,*表示不同采样时间之间在0.05水平上差异显著。 Fig. 2 Characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) of sediments at different sampling sections Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in April, different capital letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in September, * indicates significant difference at the level of 0.05 between different sampling time. |
2.3 沉积物全氮和全磷时空分布
图3 底泥沉积物采样断面全氮和全磷时空分布特征不同小写字母表示4月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,不同大写字母表示9月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,*表示不同采样时间之间在0.05水平上差异显著。 Fig. 3 Characteristics of soil total N and total P in sediments at different sampling sections Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in April, different capital letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in September, * indicates significant difference at the level of 0.05 between different sampling time. |
2.4 沉积物重金属时空分布及污染指数
图4 底泥沉积物采样断面土壤铜、铅、锌时空分布特征不同小写字母表示4月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,不同大写字母表示9月份各采样断面在0.05水平上差异显著,*表示不同采样时间之间在0.05水平上差异显著。 Fig. 4 Characteristics of heavy metal pollution in sediment soils at different sampling sections Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in April, different capital letters indicate significant differences at the level of 0.05 for different sampling section in September, * indicates significant difference at the level of 0.05 between different sampling time. |
表2 美舍河沉积物中污染系数Tab. 2 Pollution coefficient in sediments of Meishe River |
| 污染/风险系数 Pollution/Risk coefficient | 重金属 Heavy metal | 上游Ⅰ UpstreamⅠ | 上游Ⅱ UpstreamⅡ | 中游 Midstream | 下游 Downstream | 平均值 Average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ci | Cu | 0.544 | 0.502 | 0.583 | 0.580 | 0.552 |
| Pb | 0.326 | 0.322 | 0.346 | 0.492 | 0.371 | |
| Zn | 0.397 | 0.295 | 0.572 | 0.856 | 0.530 | |
| Ei | Cu | 2.732 | 2.519 | 2.958 | 2.999 | 2.802 |
| Pb | 1.630 | 1.610 | 1.732 | 2.458 | 1.857 | |
| Zn | 0.397 | 0.295 | 0.572 | 0.856 | 0.530 |
2.5 相关性分析
表3 底泥沉积物理化指标相关性分析Tab. 3 Correlation analysis of physio-chemical characteristics in sediments |
| 指标 Indexes | pH | SOC | TN | TP | Cu | Pb | Zn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | 1 | ||||||
| SOC | 0.020 | 1 | |||||
| TN | 0.358 | 0.425* | 1 | ||||
| TP | 0.250 | 0.444* | 0.885** | 1 | |||
| Cu | 0.687** | 0.239 | 0.456* | 0.380 | 1 | ||
| Pb | 0.349 | 0.632** | 0.860** | 0.738** | 0.443* | 1 | |
| Zn | 0.443* | 0.585** | 0.888** | 0.815** | 0.491* | 0.849** | 1 |
注:n=24,*表示在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关,**表示在0.01水平(双侧)上极显著相关。 | |
Note: n=24, * represents a significant correlation at the 0.05 level (two-sided), ** represents a extremely significant correlation at the 0.01 level (two-sided). |
