1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
表1 ‘热研7-33-97’四分体胼胝质的酶解因素Tab. 1 Factors of enzymatic hydrolysis of tetrad callose of Hevea brasiliensis ‘Reyan 7-33-97’ |
| 水平 Level | 因素Factor | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 酶Enzyme | 温度Temperature/℃ | 时间Time/h | |
| 1 | 5%纤维素酶 | 37 | 1 |
| 2 | 5%果胶酶 | 50 | 3 |
| 3 | 5% β-葡聚糖酶 | 6 | |
| 4 | 5%纤维素酶与4%果胶酶混合酶 | ||
2 结果与分析
2.1 试验材料的选取以及四分体标本制备
表2 ‘热研7-33-97’雄配子发育时期与 雄花大小的对应关系Tab. 2 Size of male flowers during male gametogenesis H. brasiliensis ‘Reyan 7-33-97’ |
| 花长度 Length of flower/mm | 花直径 Diameter of flower/mm | 雄配子发育时期 Period of male gamete development |
|---|---|---|
| 1.7~1.8 | 0.6~0.7 | 小孢子母细胞早期 |
| 1.8~1.9 | 0.7~0.9 | 小孢子母细胞中后期 |
| 1.9~2.1 | 0.9~1.2 | 四分体时期 |
| 2.2~2.4 | 1.2~1.4 | 单核小孢子时期 |
| 2.5~3.0 | 1.4~1.7 | 花粉成熟期 |
2.2 巴西橡胶树单个四分体的显微分离技术体系
2.3 4种酶液对巴西橡胶树雄花四分体胼胝质的酶解效果
表3 不同酶种类和酶解时间条件下四分体胼胝质的酶解效率Tab. 3 Enzymatic efficiency of tetrad callose under different enzyme types and enzymatic hydrolysis time |
| 酶 Enzyme | 时间 Time/h | 37℃下酶解率 Enzymolysis rate at 37℃/% | 50℃下酶解率 Enzymolysis rate at 50℃/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5%纤维 素酶 | 1 | 75 | 65 |
| 3 | 90 | 88 | |
| 6 | 98 | 95 | |
| 5%果胶酶 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 3 | 25 | 32 | |
| 6 | 80 | 85 | |
| 5% β-葡聚糖酶 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| 6 | 20 | 25 | |
| 5%纤维素酶与4%果胶酶混合酶 | 1 | 100 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 | 100 | |
| 6 | 100 | 100 |
图3 4种酶液酶解‘热研7-33-97’四分体胼胝质的情况A:5%纤维素酶与4%果胶酶混合酶酶解1 h;B:5%纤维素酶酶解1 h;C:5%果胶酶酶解1 h;D:5% β-葡聚糖酶酶解1 h;E:5%纤维素酶酶解3 h;F:5%果胶酶酶解3 h;G:5% β-葡聚糖酶酶解3 h;H:5%纤维素酶酶解6 h;I:5%果胶酶酶解6 h;J:5% β-葡聚糖酶酶解6 h。 Fig. 3 Degradation of tetrad callose of H. brasiliensis ‘Reyan 7-33-97’ by four enzymes A: 5% cellulase and 4% pectinase mixed enzyme solution for 1 h; B: 5% cellulase for 1 h; C: 5% pectinase for 1 h; D: 5% β-glucanase for 1 h; E: 5% cellulase for 3 h; F: 5% pectinase for 3 h; G: 5% β-glucanase for 3 h; H: 5% cellulase for 6 h; I: 5% pectinase for 6 h; J: 5% β-glucanase for 6 h. |
2.4 巴西橡胶树小孢子单细胞的显微分离技术体系
图4 ‘热研7-33-97’小孢子单细胞的显微分离过程A:液相工作室下的单个四分体;B:液相工作室下同一四分体的4个单细胞;C~F:同一四分体的4个单细胞的逐一分离。 Fig. 4 Microscopic separation process of single single microspore of H. brasiliensis ‘Reyan-7-33-97’ A: Single tetrad in the liquid; B: Four single cells of the same tetrad in the liquid; C-F: Separation of four single cells of the same tetrad one by one. |
