1 材料与方法
1.1 研究地区概况
1.2 观测内容与方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 橡胶人工林冠层小气候状况
表1 橡胶人工林全年冠层小气候状况Tab. 1 Canopy microclimatic status of rubber plantation throughout the year |
| 月份 Month | 平均气温 Mean temperature/℃ | 平均相对湿度 Mean relative humidity/% | 平均风速 Mean wind speed/ (m·s-1) | 平均风向 Mean wind direction/ degree |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 19.1 | 86.24 | 3.61 | 92.60 |
| 2 | 18.2 | 83.51 | 3.25 | 112.73 |
| 3 | 21.9 | 84.11 | 2.69 | 141.04 |
| 4 | 24.8 | 76.87 | 2.86 | 148.75 |
| 5 | 26.1 | 82.56 | 2.46 | 141.02 |
| 6 | 27.8 | 76.07 | 2.64 | 177.13 |
| 7 | 26.0 | 87.54 | 3.39 | 134.60 |
| 8 | 27.2 | 78.69 | 2.69 | 180.07 |
| 9 | 27.0 | 82.65 | 2.63 | 163.44 |
| 10 | 23.9 | 84.18 | 3.07 | 117.70 |
| 11 | 21.2 | 89.41 | 3.00 | 83.94 |
| 12 | 18.1 | 81.43 | 3.45 | 90.71 |
2.2 冠层温度日变化特征
图1 2017年1—12月橡胶人工林冠层温度月平均日变化A:1月;B:2月;C:3月;D:4月;E:5月;F:6月;G:7月; H:8月;I:9月;J:10月;K:11月;L:12月;Ta:大气温度;Tc:冠层温度。 Fig. 1 Monthly mean daily variation of canopy temperature in rubber plantation from January to December in 2017 A: January; B: February; C: March; D: April; E: May; F: June; G: July; H: Aguest; I: September; J: October; K: November; L: December; Ta: Air temperature; Tc: Anopy temperature. |
2.3 冠层温度与冠层微气象因子的关系
表2 橡胶人工林2017年各月冠层温度与气象因子的多元回归方程Tab. 2 Multi-regression equations between canopy temperature of rubber plantation and meteorological factors in months of 2017 |
| 气候划分 Climate division | 月份 Month | 回归方程 Regression equation | 偏相关系数Partial correlation coefficient | 复相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 样本数 Sample number | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 大气温度 Air temperature (Ta) | 净辐射 Net radiation (Rn) | 相对湿度 Relative humidity (RH) | 风速 Wind speed (V) | |||||
| 干季 | 1 | Tc= 6.188 + 0.872Ta + 0.002Rn- 0.035RH -0.208V | 0.882** | 0.930** | -0.345 | -0.636** | 0.9998** | 1200 |
| 2 | Tc= 6.877 + 0.883Ta + 0.003Rn- 0.044RH -0.330V | 0.959** | 0.969** | -0.608** | -0.626** | 0.9998** | 1344 | |
| 3 | Tc= 22.942 + 0.356Ta + 0.009Rn- 0.129RH + 0.621V | 0.262 | 0.868** | -0.464* | 0.367 | 0.9981** | 1104 | |
| 4 | Tc= 23.936 + 0.502Ta + 0.004Rn- 0.152RH | 0.302 | 0.682** | -0.292 | — | 0.9938** | 1440 | |
| 11 | Tc= 0.657 + 0.970Ta + 0.001Rn- 0.027V | 0.995** | 0.970** | — | -0.213 | 0.9999** | 1440 | |
| 12 | Tc=-2.453 + 1.058Ta + 0.001Rn + 0.019RH -0.051V | 0.969** | 0.887** | 0.318 | -0.302 | 0.9998** | 1488 | |
| 1—4与11—12 | Tc= 23.085 + 0.435Ta + 0.004Rn- 0.138RH | 0.508** | 0.925** | -0.660** | — | 0.9994** | 8016 | |
| 湿季 | 5 | Tc= 27.327 + 0.606Ta -0.192RH- 0.322V | 0.549** | — | -0.607** | -0.270 | 0.9934** | 1488 |
| 6 | Tc= 26.894 + 0.838Ta -0.004Rn- 0.281RH | 0.730** | -0.382* | -0.500** | — | 0.9901** | 1248 | |
| 7 | Tc=-4.510 + 1.178Ta | 0.697** | — | — | — | 0.9923** | 384 | |
| 8 | Tc=-0.587 + 1.020Ta + 0.002Rn | 0.692** | 0.309 | — | — | 0.9868** | 1104 | |
| 9 | Tc= 1.636 + 0.933Ta + 0.002Rn | 0.700** | 0.383* | — | — | 0.9962** | 1440 | |
| 10 | Tc= 4.748 + 0.907Ta + 0.001Rn- 0.029RH -0.083V | 0.956** | 0.914** | -0.473* | -0.335 | 0.9998** | 1488 | |
| 5—10 | Tc= 28.398 + 0.560Ta -0.190RH- 0.368V | 0.476** | — | -0.549** | -0.281 | 0.9955** | 7152 | |
注:*表示差异显著(P<0.01);**表示差异极显著(P<0.001)。 | |
Note: * means significant difference (P<0.01); ** means extremely significant difference (P<0.001). |
