1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
表1 试验因素和水平Tab. 1 Experimental factors and levels |
| 水平 Level | 因素Factors | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| N /(mg∙plant-1) | P /(mg∙plant-1) | K /(mg∙plant-1) | |
| 1 | 50(108.70) | 30(527.52) | 45(93.38) |
| 2 | 100(217.39) | 40(763.36) | 60(120.51) |
| 3 | 150(326.09) | 50(954.20) | 75(150.63) |
| 4 | 200(434.78) | 60(1145.04) | 90(180.76) |
Note: The numbers in brackets indicate the weight of the fertilizer. | |
注:括号中的数字表示肥料重量。 |
表2 试验各处理肥料组合Tab. 2 Fertilizer combinations of each treatment |
| 处理Treatment | N | P | K |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 7 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 8 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| 9 | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| 10 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| 11 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| 12 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| 13 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| 14 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| 15 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | 1 |
| CK | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 施肥对米老排苗高和地径的影响
表3 不同施肥组合下米老排苗苗高、地径和高径比Tab. 3 Height, ground diameter and ratio of height to GD of M. laosensis seedlings under different fertilizer treatments |
| 处理 Treatment | 苗高 Height/cm | 地径 Ground diameter/mm | 高径比 Ratio of height to ground diameter |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28.5±2.7ab | 4.01±0.08ab | 7.11±0.58ab |
| 2 | 27.6±1.1abc | 4.16±0.13a | 6.67±0.41abc |
| 3 | 28.8±0.9a | 3.93±0.11ab | 7.34±0.35a |
| 4 | 29.3±2.1a | 3.91±0.03ab | 7.47±0.48a |
| 5 | 26.0±1.7abcde | 4.00±0.15ab | 6.56±0.69abc |
| 6 | 25.4±0.6abcde | 3.79±0.10ab | 6.70±0.20abc |
| 7 | 27.0±2.1abcd | 4.00±0.17ab | 6.73±0.29abc |
| 8 | 25.9±1.2abcde | 3.94±0.14ab | 6.57±0.14abc |
| 9 | 25.3±1.5abcde | 3.83±0.09ab | 6.59±0.21abc |
| 10 | 21.8±2.0de | 3.65±0.10b | 5.96±0.44bc |
| 11 | 23.4±0.9bcde | 3.84±0.13ab | 6.08±0.10bc |
| 12 | 25.1±2.0abcde | 3.97±0.20ab | 6.30±0.10abc |
| 13 | 21.1±1.3e | 3.62±0.04b | 5.83±0.47c |
| 14 | 22.6±1.3cde | 3.94±0.19ab | 5.73±0.15c |
| 15 | 24.4±2.0abcde | 3.76±0.17ab | 6.48±0.54abc |
| 16 | 21.8±0.4de | 3.81±0.14ab | 5.75±0.27c |
| CK | 14.4±0.1f | 2.60±0.02c | 5.52±0.02c |
Note: Data are means±standard error. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. | |
注:数据为平均值±标准误,同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
表4 施肥对米老排苗苗高、地径和高径比影响的直观分析Tab. 4 Visual analysis of effects of formula fertilization on height, ground diameter and ratio of height to ground diameter of M. laosensis seedlings |
| 生长指标 Growth index | 因素 Factors | 各水平效应The effects of each level | 极差 Range | 优水平 Optimum level | 因素主次 Effect order of factors | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k1 | k2 | k3 | k4 | |||||
| 苗高/cm | N | 28.6 | 26.1 | 23.9 | 22.5 | 6.08 | N1 | N>P>K |
| P | 25.2 | 24.4 | 25.9 | 25.5 | 1.55 | P3 | ||
| K | 24.8 | 25.8 | 25.7 | 24.8 | 1.00 | K2 | ||
| 地径/mm | N | 4.00 | 3.93 | 3.82 | 3.78 | 0.22 | N1 | N>K>P |
| P | 3.87 | 3.89 | 3.88 | 3.91 | 0.04 | P4 | ||
| K | 3.86 | 3.97 | 3.91 | 3.80 | 0.17 | K2 | ||
| 高径比 | N | 7.15 | 6.64 | 6.23 | 5.95 | 1.20 | N1 | N>P>K |
| P | 6.52 | 6.27 | 6.66 | 6.52 | 0.39 | P3 | ||
| K | 6.41 | 6.50 | 6.56 | 6.50 | 0.15 | K3 | ||
表5 因素水平间米老排苗苗高、地径和高径比的方差分析Tab. 5 Variance analysis of height, ground diameter and ratio of height to to ground diameter of M. laosensis seedlings among different factors and levels |
| 变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 Degree of freedom | 苗高Height | 地径Ground diameter | 高径比Ratio of height to ground diameter | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SS | F | SS | F | SS | F | ||
| N | 3 | 28.125 | 20.295** | 0.024 | 2.407 | 1.237 | 10.204** |
| P | 3 | 1.745 | 1.259 | 0.001 | 0.070 | 0.131 | 1.011 |
| K | 3 | 1.152 | 0.831 | 0.021 | 1.330 | 0.007 | 0.140 |
Note: ** means extremely significant difference (P<0.01). | |
注:**表示差异显著(P<0.01)。 |
2.2 施肥对米老排苗生物量的影响
表6 不同施肥组合下米老排苗生物量和质量指数Tab. 6 Biomass and quality index of M. laosensis seedlings under different fertilizer treatments |
| 处理 Treatment | 地上生物量 Above-ground biomass/g | 地下生物量 Under-ground biomass/g | 总生物量 Total biomass/g | 质量指数 Quality index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3.01±0.21a | 0.72±0.11a | 3.73±0.28a | 0.329±0.034a |
| 2 | 2.51±0.06abc | 0.62±0.09ab | 3.13±0.14abc | 0.290±0.026ab |
| 3 | 2.83±0.14ab | 0.62±0.07ab | 3.45±0.18ab | 0.289±0.023ab |
| 4 | 2.59±0.14abc | 0.62±0.10ab | 3.21±0.22abc | 0.272±0.029abc |
| 5 | 2.68±0.25abc | 0.47±0.06bc | 3.15±0.30abc | 0.255±0.029abc |
| 6 | 2.32±0.17bc | 0.34±0.04cd | 2.66±0.20c | 0.198±0.018cd |
| 7 | 2.14±0.20cd | 0.42±0.07bcd | 2.565±0.28cd | 0.214±0.031bcd |
| 8 | 2.40±0.35abc | 0.43±0.07bcd | 2.83±0.41bc | 0.233±0.035bc |
| 9 | 2.12±0.17cd | 0.34±0.03cd | 2.46±0.18cd | 0.190±0.014cd |
| 10 | 2.16±0.10cd | 0.35±0.04cd | 2.51±0.13cd | 0.205±0.016cd |
| 11 | 2.21±0.26bc | 0.38±0.05cd | 2.59±0.31c | 0.218±0.029bcd |
| 12 | 2.26±0.21bc | 0.36±0.05cd | 2.62±0.18c | 0.204±0.015cd |
| 13 | 1.56±0.11d | 0.23±0.01d | 1.79±0.12de | 0.143±0.008d |
| 14 | 2.14±0.20cd | 0.32±0.05cd | 2.46±0.25cd | 0.197±0.028cd |
| 15 | 2.14±0.08cd | 0.35±0.09cd | 2.49±0.13cd | 0.194±0.030cd |
| 16 | 2.59±0.29abc | 0.38±0.06cd | 2.97±0.35abc | 0.235±0.033bc |
| CK | 0.94±0.08e | 0.48±0.03bc | 1.42±0.09e | 0.190±0.010cd |
Note: Data are means±standard error. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. | |
注:数据为平均值±标准误,同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
表7 施肥对米老排苗生物量和质量指数影响的直观分析Tab. 7 Result of visual analysis of effect of fertilization on biomass and quality index of M. laosensis seedlings |
| 生长指标 Growth index | 因素 Factors | 各水平效应The effects of each level | 极差 Range | 优水平 Optimum level | 因素主次 Effect order of factors | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k1 | k2 | k3 | k4 | |||||
| 地上生物量/g | N | 2.74 | 2.39 | 2.19 | 2.11 | 0.63 | N1 | N>K>P |
| P | 2.34 | 2.28 | 2.33 | 2.46 | 0.18 | P4 | ||
| K | 2.53 | 2.40 | 2.37 | 2.11 | 0.42 | K1 | ||
| 地下生物量/g | N | 0.65 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.33 | N1 | N>K>P |
| P | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.04 | P4 | ||
| K | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.05 | K1 | ||
| 总生物量/g | N | 3.38 | 2.80 | 2.54 | 2.43 | 0.96 | N1 | N>K>P |
| P | 2.78 | 2.69 | 2.77 | 2.91 | 0.22 | P4 | ||
| K | 2.99 | 2.85 | 2.80 | 2.51 | 0.48 | K1 | ||
| 质量指数 | N | 0.295 | 0.225 | 0.204 | 0.192 | 0.103 | N1 | N>K>P |
| P | 0.229 | 0.222 | 0.228 | 0.236 | 0.014 | P4 | ||
| K | 0.245 | 0.236 | 0.227 | 0.208 | 0.037 | K1 | ||
表8 因素水平间米老排苗生物量的方差分析Tab. 8 Variance analysis of biamass of M. laosensis seedlings under different factors and levels |
| 变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 Degree of freedom | 地上生物量 Above-ground biomass | 地下生物量 Under-ground biomass | 总生物量 Total biomass | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SS | F | SS | F | SS | F | ||
| N | 3 | 0.313 | 4.515* | 0.085 | 26.029** | 0.727 | 7.720* |
| P | 3 | 0.023 | 0.328 | 0.001 | 0.405 | 0.032 | 0.344 |
| K | 3 | 0.123 | 1.779 | 0.002 | 0.645 | 0.161 | 1.715 |
Note: ** means extremely significant difference (P<0.01), * means significant difference (P<0.05). | |
注:**表示差异极显著(P<0.01),*表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.3 不同施肥组合的米老排苗木质量指数
2.4 施肥对米老排苗养分利用的影响
表9 不同施肥组合下米老排苗N、P、K养分利用率Tab. 9 Nutrient utilization efficiency for NPK of M. laosensis seedling under different fertilizer treatments |
| 处理 Treatment | 生物量收获指数 Biomass harvest index/% | 养分利用效率Nutrient utilization efficiency/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | P | K | ||
| 1 | 29.88±2.25a | 74.65±0.87b | 297.89±3.84d | 56.51±0.47h |
| 2 | 20.85±0.94b | 73.96±0.57b | 207.37±2.11g | 61.51±0.46g |
| 3 | 19.73±1.05bc | 70.16±0.79c | 178.52±1.89i | 65.80±0.51e |
| 4 | 16.05±1.08d | 62.39±1.20d | 134.15±0.86j | 57.92±0.49h |
| 5 | 16.54±1.59cd | 47.95±0.51ef | 304.49±5.21cd | 63.95±0.49f |
| 6 | 14.41±1.09de | 45.81±0.10ghi | 218.70±0.59g | 60.93±0.11g |
| 7 | 10.64±1.15fg | 47.00±0.52efg | 173.50±2.87i | 54.01±0.57i |
| 8 | 12.04±1.75ef | 48.57±0.39e | 148.43±1.40j | 65.85±0.49e |
| 9 | 9.62±0.72ef | 46.09±0.24fgh | 323.56±5.00b | 67.48±0.66de |
| 10 | 8.94±0.46fgh | 43.10±0.07jk | 241.65±0.73f | 66.73±0.26de |
| 11 | 10.57±1.28fg | 44.27±0.03hijk | 201.29±0.33gh | 66.42±0.06de |
| 12 | 9.71±0.65fg | 43.99±0.35ijk | 187.11±5.52hi | 92.79±1.24a |
| 13 | 5.59±0.39h | 40.15±0.13l | 316.80±2.94bc | 72.60±0.75c |
| 14 | 7.80±0.81gh | 44.73±0.07hij | 260.89±1.81e | 76.00±0.35b |
| 15 | 8.03±0.42gh | 40.35±0.27l | 208.07±5.55g | 68.20±1.34d |
| 16 | 9.74±1.14fg | 42.67±0.07k | 205.32±1.71g | 73.75±0.31c |
| CK | - | 115.24±1.60a | 2793.63±20.96a | 59.95±0.78g |
Note: Data are means±standard error. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. | |
注:数据为平均值±标准误,同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
