1 研究区域环境概况
2 方法
2.1 调查方法
表1 海杧果群落样方概况Tab. 1 Quadrat overviews of C. manghas community |
| 编号 No. | 经度 Longitude | 纬度 Latitude | 海拔 Altitude/m | 坡度 Slope | 土壤 类型 Soil type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HMG01 | 110°29'02.50"E | 18°40'16.72"N | 13 | 35° | 砖红壤 |
| HMG02 | 110°29'02.50"E | 18°40'17.42"N | 24 | 35° | 砖红壤 |
| HMG03 | 110°29'03.23"E | 18°40'17.04"N | 36 | 55° | 砖红壤 |
| HMG04 | 110°29'01.55"E | 18°40'34.08"N | 35 | 10° | 砖红壤 |
| HMG05 | 110°29'00.87"E | 18°40'33.97"N | 31 | 30° | 砖红壤 |
2.2 数据处理
3 结果与分析
3.1 群落特征
表2 海杧果群落中各物种的特征值Tab. 2 Characteristics of the main species of C. manghas community |
| 种类Species | 生态型 Ecotypes | 相对多度 RA/% | 相对频度 RF/% | 相对优势度/相对盖度 RD/RC /% | 重要值 IV/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 海杧果Cerbera manghas | 乔木 | 40.83 | 10.20 | 58.30 | 36.45 |
| 露兜树Pandanus tectorius | 乔木 | 7.62 | 8.16 | 11.58 | 9.12 |
| 黄槿Hibiscus tiliaceus | 乔木 | 11.62 | 8.16 | 5.94 | 8.57 |
| 假苹婆Sterculia lanceolata | 乔木 | 10.34 | 6.12 | 2.56 | 6.34 |
| 短穗鱼尾葵Caryota mitis | 乔木 | 6.35 | 6.12 | 5.60 | 6.02 |
| 杂色榕Ficus variegata | 乔木 | 2.18 | 2.04 | 4.97 | 3.06 |
| 斜叶榕Ficus tinctoria subsp. gibbosa | 乔木 | 3.27 | 4.08 | 1.84 | 3.06 |
| 银柴Aporusa dioica | 乔木 | 0.91 | 6.12 | 0.49 | 2.51 |
| 海南龙血树Dracaena cambodiana | 乔木 | 2.54 | 2.04 | 2.86 | 2.48 |
| 笔管榕Ficus subpisocarpa | 乔木 | 1.63 | 4.08 | 1.58 | 2.43 |
| 猴耳环Archidendron clypearia | 乔木 | 2.36 | 4.08 | 0.66 | 2.37 |
| 海南玉叶金花Mussaenda hainanensis | 乔木 | 1.63 | 4.08 | 0.18 | 1.97 |
| 美叶菜豆树Radermachera frondosa | 乔木 | 0.91 | 4.08 | 0.41 | 1.80 |
| 阴香Cinnamomum burmannii | 乔木 | 0.73 | 4.08 | 0.31 | 1.71 |
| 黄果厚壳桂Cryptocarya concinna | 乔木 | 0.54 | 4.08 | 0.30 | 1.64 |
| 榕树Ficus microcarpa | 乔木 | 1.45 | 2.04 | 0.63 | 1.37 |
| 九节Psychotria rubra | 乔木 | 1.63 | 2.04 | 0.18 | 1.28 |
| 酒饼簕Atalantia buxifolia | 乔木 | 0.73 | 2.04 | 0.08 | 0.95 |
| 岭南山竹子Garcinia oblongifolia | 乔木 | 0.73 | 2.04 | 0.08 | 0.95 |
| 鹅掌柴Schefflera heptaphylla | 乔木 | 0.18 | 2.04 | 0.60 | 0.94 |
| 灰莉Fagraea ceilanica | 乔木 | 0.36 | 2.04 | 0.40 | 0.93 |
| 海南大风子Hydnocarpus hainanensis | 乔木 | 0.36 | 2.04 | 0.16 | 0.85 |
| 簕欓花椒Zanthoxylum avicennae | 乔木 | 0.36 | 2.04 | 0.16 | 0.85 |
| 海红豆Adenanthera microsperma | 乔木 | 0.18 | 2.04 | 0.08 | 0.77 |
| 赤才Erioglossum rubiginosum | 乔木 | 0.18 | 2.04 | 0.02 | 0.75 |
| 锈毛野桐Mallotus anomalus | 乔木 | 0.18 | 2.04 | 0.02 | 0.75 |
| 矮紫金牛Ardisia humilis | 灌木 | 11.63 | 7.41 | 5.90 | 8.31 |
| 赤才Erioglossum rubiginosum | 灌木 | 11.05 | 3.70 | 5.21 | 6.65 |
| 凹脉丁公藤Erycibe elliptilimba | 灌木 | 11.63 | 5.56 | 1.74 | 6.31 |
| 杖藤Calamus rhabdocladus | 灌木 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 17.36 | 6.17 |
| 异木患Allophylus viridis | 灌木 | 6.98 | 7.41 | 2.08 | 5.49 |
| 棕竹Rhapis excelsa | 灌木 | 10.47 | 3.70 | 0.00 | 4.72 |
| 海杧果Cerbera manghas | 灌木 | 2.91 | 5.56 | 4.86 | 4.44 |
| 短穗鱼尾葵Caryota mitis | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 10.42 | 4.28 |
| 两粤黄檀Dalbergia benthami | 灌木 | 1.74 | 5.56 | 5.21 | 4.17 |
| 绿背桂花Excoecaria cochinchinensis var. viridis | 灌木 | 4.07 | 5.56 | 2.43 | 4.02 |
| 喜光花Actephila merrilliana | 灌木 | 4.65 | 1.85 | 5.21 | 3.90 |
| 合丝肖菝葜Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana | 灌木 | 2.33 | 5.56 | 3.47 | 3.78 |
| 留萼木Blachia pentzii | 灌木 | 4.07 | 3.70 | 2.78 | 3.52 |
| 暗罗Polyalthia suberosa | 灌木 | 2.91 | 1.85 | 5.21 | 3.32 |
| 假鹰爪Desmos chinensis | 灌木 | 2.33 | 3.70 | 3.82 | 3.28 |
| 九节Psychotria rubra | 灌木 | 1.74 | 5.56 | 1.74 | 3.01 |
| 种类Species | 生态型 Life form | 相对多度 RA/% | 相对频度 RF/% | 相对优势度/相对盖度 RD/RC /% | 重要值 IV/% |
| 裸花紫珠Callicarpa nudiflora | 灌木 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 5.21 | 2.93 |
| 铜盆花Ardisia obtusa | 灌木 | 2.91 | 1.85 | 3.47 | 2.74 |
| 锈毛野桐Mallotus anomalus | 灌木 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 3.47 | 2.36 |
| 黄槿Hibiscus tiliaceus | 灌木 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 1.74 | 1.78 |
| 宿苞厚壳树Ehretia asperula | 灌木 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 1.74 | 1.78 |
| 山蒟Piper hancei | 灌木 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 0.69 | 1.43 |
| 灰莉Fagraea ceilanica | 灌木 | 1.16 | 1.85 | 1.04 | 1.35 |
| 滨木患Arytera littoralis | 灌木 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 0.00 | 1.20 |
| 广州山柑Capparis cantoniensis | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.69 | 1.04 |
| 小果叶下珠Phyllanthus reticulatus | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.69 | 1.04 |
| 大管Micromelum falcatum | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.35 | 0.93 |
| 假黄皮Clausena excavata | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.35 | 0.93 |
| 托竹Pseudosasa cantori | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.35 | 0.93 |
| 鸦胆子Brucea javanica | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.35 | 0.93 |
| 滨木犀榄Olea brachiata | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.35 | 0.93 |
| 紫玉盘Uvaria microcarpa | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.00 | 0.81 |
| 美叶菜豆树Radermachera frondosa | 灌木 | 0.58 | 1.85 | 0.00 | 0.81 |
| 观音草Peristrophe baphica | 草本 | 40.27 | 15.00 | 21.31 | 25.53 |
| 草豆蔻Alpinia katsumadai | 草本 | 21.48 | 30.00 | 0.00 | 17.16 |
| 长叶肾蕨Nephrolepis biserrata | 草本 | 15.44 | 10.00 | 17.21 | 14.22 |
| 短叶黍Panicum brevifolium | 草本 | 13.42 | 10.00 | 5.74 | 9.72 |
| 五节芒Miscanthus floridulus | 草本 | 2.01 | 5.00 | 12.30 | 6.44 |
| 楠草Ruellia repens | 草本 | 3.36 | 5.00 | 0.49 | 2.95 |
| 百足藤Pothos repens | 草本 | 1.34 | 5.00 | 0.82 | 2.39 |
| 马㼎儿Zehneria indica | 草本 | 0.67 | 5.00 | 0.82 | 2.16 |
| 天门冬Asparagus cochinchinensis | 草本 | 0.67 | 5.00 | 0.33 | 2.00 |
| 厚叶崖爬藤Tetrastigma pachyphyllum | 草本 | 0.67 | 5.00 | 0.33 | 2.00 |
| 海康钩粉草Pseuderanthemum haikangense | 草本 | 0.67 | 5.00 | 0.16 | 1.95 |
3.2 区系特征
表3 海杧果群落中种子植物科、属的区系分布类型Tab. 3 Areal types of families and genera of plants with C. manghas community |
| 分布类型Areal type | 科数Number of families | 属数Number of genera |
|---|---|---|
| 1.世界分布Cosmopolitan | 3(8.33%) | — |
| 2.泛热带分布Pantropic | 27(75.00%) | 17(29.82%) |
| 3.热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia & Tropical America disjuncted | — | 2(3.51%) |
| 4.旧世界热带分布 Old world tropics | 3(8.33%) | 10(17.54%) |
| 4-1.热带亚洲、非洲和大洋洲间断分布 Tropical Asia, Tropical Africa & Tropical Australasia disjuncted | 1(2.78%) | — |
| 5.热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia & Tropical Australasia | — | 14(24.56%) |
| 6.热带亚洲至热带非洲分布Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa | — | 5(8.77%) |
| 7.热带亚洲分布Tropical Asia | 1(2.78%) | 7(12.28%) |
| 8.北温带分布North temperate | 1(2.78%) | — |
| 12.地中海区、西亚至中亚分布 Mediterranea, W. Asia to C. Asia | — | 1(1.75%) |
| 14-1.中国-喜马拉雅Sino-Himalaya | — | 1(1.75%) |
| 总计Total | 36 | 57 |
Note:The datas within brackets are percentages of the areal type compared with all the areal type in this community. | |
注:括号中的数据表示该类型的数目占所有科/属分布类型总数的百分数 |
