1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 调查地点分布及样本数Tab. 1 Sites and number of samples investigated in the study |
| 区域 Region | 市(区、县) County | 样本数 No. of samples |
|---|---|---|
| 粤东Eastern Guangdong | 潮州市潮安区、汕尾市海丰县 | 22 |
| 粤西Western Guangdong | 江门市恩平、江门市开平县、阳江市阳东区、茂名市电白区、云浮市新兴县、湛江市遂江镇 | 52 |
| 粤北Northern Guangdong | 韶关市浈江区、清远市阳山县 | 20 |
| 珠三角Zhujiang River Delta | 肇庆市怀集县、增城区小楼镇、中山市、惠东县平海镇、惠东县铁涌镇、惠东县稔山镇 | 66 |
1.2 方法
1.3 养分含量计算及分级
1.4 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 广东省马铃薯的种植概况
2.2 广东省马铃薯产量分布
表2 广东省马铃薯产量分布Tab. 2 Yield levels of potato in Guangdong province |
| 等级 Classification | 产量分级 Yield classification/(t·hm-2) | 各区域产量等级占比 Proportion of yield classification in each region/% | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 粤东 Eastern Guangdong | 粤西 Western Guangdong | 粤北 Northern Guangdong | 珠三角 Pearl River Delta | 全省 Guangdong province | ||
| 很低Low | <25.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 偏低Slightly low | 25.0~33.5 | 9.1 | 42.3 | 20 | 21.2 | 26.3 |
| 中等Medium | 33.5~45.0 | 90.9 | 53.8 | 70 | 60.6 | 63.7 |
| 偏高Slightly high | 45.0~56.5 | 0 | 3.9 | 10 | 15.1 | 8.7 |
| 很高High | >56.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.1 | 1.3 |
2.3 广东省马铃薯肥料投入状况
表3 广东省马铃薯肥料投入量Tab. 3 Fertilizer inputs in potato production in Guangdong province |
| 肥料种类 Fertilizer type | 区域 Region | 施肥量 Fertilizing Amount/(kg·hm-2) | N投入量 Input N /(kg·hm-2) | P2O5投入量 Input P2O5 /(kg·hm-2) | K2O投入量 Input K2O /(kg·hm-2) | N:P2O5:K2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 化肥 | 粤东 | 2042±47B | 323±11B | 235±26B | 400±26A | 1:0.73:1.24 |
| Chemical | 粤西 | 2299±52A | 356±9A | 287±17AB | 424±22A | 1:0.81:1.19 |
| fertilizer | 粤北 | 2239±51A | 352±12AB | 253±33AB | 445±22A | 1:0.72:1.26 |
| 珠三角 | 2380±54A | 379±9A | 316±18A | 441±17A | 1:0.83:1.16 | |
| 全省 | 2289±31A | 360±5A | 288±11AB | 430±10A | 1:0.80:1.19 | |
| 有机肥 | 粤东 | 7772±432ab | 127±8ab | 119±7ab | 66±4ab | 1:0.94:0.52 |
| Organic | 粤西 | 8856±448a | 144±6a | 135±7a | 75±4a | 1:0.94:0.52 |
| manure | 粤北 | 7200±422b | 117±7b | 110±6b | 61±4b | 1:0.94:0.52 |
| 珠三角 | 9136±399a | 149±7a | 140±6a | 78±3a | 1:0.94:0.52 | |
| 全省 | 8615±237ab | 140±4ab | 132±4ab | 73±2ab | 1:0.94:0.52 |
Note: Different capital letters in the same column mean significant difference at 5% level among fertilizer application rate and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium content under the different potato growing areas. Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant difference at 5% level among organic fertilizer application rate and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium content under the different potato growing areas. All the data were mean ± standard error of the survey samples, and the Duncan’s test (P<0.05) was used for statistical analysis of the data. | |
注:同一列的不同大写字母表示不同马铃薯种植区域在化肥施用量、氮/磷/钾含量上存在显著性差异(P<0.05);同一列的不同小写字母表示不同马铃薯种植区域在有机肥施用量、氮/磷/钾含量上存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。所有数据均为调查样本的平均值±标准误,并使用邓肯法(Duncan’s test,P<0.05)进行统计分析。 |
2.4 广东省马铃薯施肥状况评价
表4 广东省马铃薯施肥量分级及分布比例Tab. 4 Levels and distribution of fertilizer rates in potato production in Guangdong province |
| 等级 Classification | 施肥量分级Fertilizer rates classification | 施肥分布比例Fertilizer distribution ratio | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N/(kg·hm-2) | P2O5/(kg·hm-2) | K2O/(kg·hm-2) | N/% | P2O5/% | K2O/% | |
| 很低Low | <140 | <70 | <270 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 偏低Slightly low | 140~170 | 70~90 | 270~310 | 0 | 0 | 7.5 |
| 中等Medium | 170~200 | 90~110 | 310~350 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 |
| 偏高Slightly high | 200~230 | 110~130 | 350~390 | 16.04 | 0 | 17.5 |
| 很高High | >230 | >130 | >390 | 83.96 | 100 | 62.5 |
