1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
表1 龙滩珍珠李果脯感官评分标准Tab. 1 Sensory score standard of ‘Longtan’ pearl plum preserved fruit |
| 评分项目Scoring item | 评分依据Scoring basis | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 组织形态(30分) Shape | 果块完整、组织形态饱满,无结晶返砂、不流糖,不黏手(26~30分) | 组织形态较饱满,基本无结晶返砂和流糖现象(21~25分) | 组织干瘪,有结晶返砂和流糖现象,黏手(0~20分) |
| 色泽(30分) Colour | 色泽均匀,有光泽、有透明感 (26~30分) | 色泽较均匀,有一定光泽度,稍透明(21~25分) | 色泽暗淡、褐变严重,无光泽(0~20分) |
| 口感(40分) Taste | 酸甜适中,软硬适度,有韧性,有龙滩珍珠李特有的风味,无异味(36~40分) | 偏甜或偏酸,质地较软或较硬,无异味(31~35分) | 太甜或太淡,质地硬、难咀嚼,有异味(0~30分) |
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 不同渗糖技术对龙滩珍珠李果脯感官品质的影响
表2 不同渗糖技术下果脯感官品质参数得分Tab. 2 Scores of sensory quality of preserved fruits under different sugar permeability technologies |
| 渗糖技术 Sugar permeability technology | 组织形态 Shape | 色泽 Colour | 口感 Taste | 总分 Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 常压Atmospheric | 22.00±0.76c | 24.38±0.52b | 31.38±0.74c | 77.75±1.28c |
| 真空Vacuum | 21.50±0.53c | 26.38±0.74a | 31.13±0.64c | 79.00±0.76b |
| 微波Microwave | 23.13±0.64b | 23.38±0.52c | 33.00±0.93b | 79.50±1.20b |
| 超声波Ultrasonic | 24.25±0.71a | 24.00±0.93bc | 33.88±0.64a | 82.13±1.25a |
Note: The data in the table were mean ± standard deviation, and the different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). | |
注:表中数据为平均值±标准偏差,同一列数据上标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.2 不同渗糖技术对龙滩珍珠李果脯理化营养品质的影响
表3 不同渗糖技术对果脯理化营养品质的影响Tab. 3 Effect of sugar permeability technologies on physical-chemical-nutritional qualities of preserved fruits |
| 渗糖技术 Sugar permeability technology | 褐变度 Browning degree (A420) | 色度值 Chromatic value | 总糖 Total sugar/% | Vc /(μg·g-1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L* | a* | b* | ||||
| 常压Atmospheric | 2.34±0.09c | 35.67±1.14c | 4.52±0.28c | 1.44±0.10d | 38.11±0.29c | 53.83±0.87b |
| 真空Vacuum | 1.95±0.08d | 40.98±1.08a | 6.26±0.26a | 1.79±0.07c | 43.03±0.38b | 58.33±1.26a |
| 微波Microwave | 3.18±0.05a | 37.77±1.24b | 5.50±0.31b | 1.92±0.09b | 48.57±0.42a | 41.34±0.99c |
| 超声波Ultrasonic | 2.87±0.06b | 38.20±0.82b | 5.75±0.27b | 2.21±0.11a | 49.22±0.29a | 53.14±1.42b |
Note: The data in the table were mean ± standard deviation, and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). | |
注:表中数据为平均值±标准偏差,同一列数据上标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.3 不同渗糖技术对龙滩珍珠李果脯质构特性的影响
表4 不同渗糖技术对果脯质构特性的影响Tab. 4 Effect of sugar permeability technologies on texture characteristics of preserved fruits |
| 渗糖技术 Sugar permeability technology | 硬度 Hardness/g | 咀嚼性 Chewiness/mJ | 弹性 Elasticity/mm | 内聚性 Cohesiveness | 胶着性 Gumminess/g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 常压Atmospheric | 586.67±29.70bc | 12.83±2.00bc | 3.53±0.12a | 0.63±0.02a | 312.33±36.56b |
| 真空Vacuum | 637.33±79.94b | 14.73±0.31ab | 3.60±0.12a | 0.62±0.03a | 334.00±24.27b |
| 微波Microwave | 508.33±44.02c | 10.57±1.11c | 3.44±0.14a | 0.66±0.04a | 256.33±21.36c |
| 超声波Ultrasonic | 868.33±39.80a | 16.00±1.97a | 3.68±0.20a | 0.60±0.04a | 452.33±33.71a |
Note: The data in the table were mean ± standard deviation, and the different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). | |
注:表中数据为平均值±标准偏差,同一列数据上标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.4 不同渗糖技术对龙滩珍珠李果实细胞结构的影响
图2 不同渗糖技术对龙滩珍珠李果实细胞结构的影响(400×)A~D为果皮细胞,E~H为维管束细胞(A和E为常压渗糖;B和F为真空渗糖;C和G为微波渗糖;D和H为超声波渗糖)。 Fig. 2 Effect of sugar permeability technologies on cellular structure of ‘Longtan’ pearl plum fruit (400×) A-D: pericarp cellular, E-H: vascular cellular (A and E: atmospheric; B and F vacuum; C and G: microwave; D and H: ultrasonic). |
