1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
1.2 样品采集
表1 供试土样采集点的基本情况Tab. 1 Basic information of soil samples |
| 地点 Places | 海拔 Altitude/m | 经度 Longitude | 纬度 Latitude | 核桃种植年限 Walnut planting years/a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 昌宁县翁堵乡 | 1807.0 | 99°589′ | 24°694′ | 6~30 |
| 昌宁县田园镇 | 2031.0 | 99°735′ | 24°779′ | 6~30 |
| 昌宁县翁兴村 | 1798.0 | 99°589′ | 24°694′ | 6~30 |
| 昌宁县温泉乡 | 1990.0 | 99°750′ | 24°736′ | 6~30 |
1.3 样品制备
1.4 测定指标与方法
1.5 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 茶树-核桃间作对茶园土壤pH的影响
表2 茶树-核桃树间作茶园及单作茶园土壤pH的分析结果Tab. 2 Analysis results of soil pH values of tea-walnut intercropping gardens and the single cropping tea garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point-walnut distance | 土壤pH The pH of the soil | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1 m | 5.19a | 4.89c | 5.57a | 4.30d | 5.38a | 4.88c | 7.45a | 4.67d |
| 2 m | 5.07b | 5.50a | 5.30a | 7.40a | |||||
| 3 m | 5.00b | 5.14c | 5.31a | 6.28c | |||||
| 平均 | 5.09b | 5.40b | 5.26b | 7.04b | |||||
| 20~40 | 1 m | 5.12a | 4.85c | 4.92a | 4.20e | 5.31a | 4.85d | 7.02a | 4.69d |
| 2 m | 5.00b | 4.82b | 5.30a | 7.02a | |||||
| 3 m | 5.01b | 4.56d | 5.26c | 6.51c | |||||
| 平均 | 5.04b | 4.77c | 5.29b | 6.85b | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in pH between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的pH差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.2 茶树-核桃间作对茶园土壤有机质含量的影响
表3 茶树-核桃间作茶园土壤有机质含量的分析结果Tab. 3 Analysis results of soil organic matter content of the tea-walnut intercropping garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point-walnut distance | 土壤的有机质 Organic matter of the soil/(g•kg-1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1 m | 40.88a | 26.22e | 40.05a | 30.95e | 42.90a | 13.47e | 17.74c | 27.54a |
| 2 m | 37.70b | 37.21c | 40.96b | 14.24e | |||||
| 3 m | 31.77d | 35.05d | 37.81d | 20.66b | |||||
| 平均 | 36.78c | 37.44b | 40.56c | 17.55d | |||||
| 20~40 | 1 m | 38.81a | 25.43e | 37.55a | 28.79e | 41.25a | 17.18e | 19.02c | 27.72a |
| 2 m | 34.53b | 36.53b | 38.15c | 21.88b | |||||
| 3 m | 29.49d | 33.00d | 35.76d | 13.83e | |||||
| 平均 | 34.28c | 35.69c | 38.39b | 18.24d | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in soil organic matter content between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的土壤有机质含量差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.3 茶树-核桃间作对茶园土壤碱解氮含量的影响
表4 茶树-核桃树间作茶园土壤碱解氮含量的分析结果Tab. 4 Analysis results of soil alkali-nitrogen content of the tea-walnut intercropping garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point-walnut distance | 土壤的碱解氮 Available nitrogen of the soil/(mg•kg-1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1 m | 98.00a | 46.90e | 127.40a | 64.40e | 133.00a | 40.95e | 60.20e | 99.40a |
| 2 m | 79.10c | 126.00b | 120.05c | 65.80c | |||||
| 3 m | 75.60d | 119.70d | 114.80d | 67.20b | |||||
| 平均 | 84.23b | 124.37c | 122.62b | 64.40d | |||||
| 20~40 | 1 m | 95.90a | 48.30e | 124.60a | 64.40e | 124.60a | 46.57e | 60.90e | 80.50a |
| 2 m | 92.05c | 102.20c | 118.30b | 70.00b | |||||
| 3 m | 91.70d | 88.24d | 105.35d | 62.30d | |||||
| 平均 | 93.22b | 105.01b | 116.08c | 64.40c | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in soil alkali-nitrogen content between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的土壤碱解氮含量差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.4 茶树-核桃树间作对茶园土壤速效磷含量的影响
表5 茶树-核桃树间作茶园土壤速效磷含量的分析结果Tab. 5 Analysis results of soil available p content in the tea-walnut intercropping garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point-walnut distance | 土壤的速效磷 Available P of the soil/(mg•kg-1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1 m | 12.12a | 1.80e | 7.50a | 2.21e | 30.26a | 3.19d | 0.17d | 34.39a |
| 2 m | 8.25c | 7.04b | 25.90c | 0.35b | |||||
| 3 m | 7.26d | 3.05d | 25.90c | 0.35b | |||||
| 平均 | 9.21b | 5.86c | 27.35b | 0.29c | |||||
| 20~40 | 1 m | 8.76a | 1.22d | 7.50a | 0.85e | 29.61a | 3.65e | 0.45e | 25.25a |
| 2 m | 5.51c | 7.32b | 28.45b | 0.54d | |||||
| 3 m | 3.51c | 2.49d | 22.83d | 1.10b | |||||
| 平均 | 5.93b | 5.77c | 26.96c | 0.70c | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in soil available p content between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的土壤速效磷含量差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.5 茶树-核桃间作对茶园土壤速效钾含量的影响
表6 茶树-核桃间作茶园土壤速效钾含量的分析结果Tab. 6 Analysis results of soil available potassium content of the tea-walnut intercropping garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point- walnut distance | 土壤的速效钾 Available K of the soil/(mg•kg-1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1 m | 166.27c | 155.29e | 505.02b | 446.43e | 439.11a | 169.94e | 479.39a | 201.06e |
| 2 m | 277.97a | 541.65a | 404.31b | 351.21c | |||||
| 3 m | 162.61d | 461.08d | 331.07d | 347.55d | |||||
| 平均 | 202.28b | 502.58c | 391.50c | 392.72b | |||||
| 20~40 | 1 m | 169.93c | 140.64e | 475.73a | 406.14d | 468.40a | 162.61e | 288.95b | 168.57e |
| 2 m | 287.12a | 475.73a | 417.13b | 182.75d | |||||
| 3 m | 152.33d | 417.13c | 340.23d | 303.60a | |||||
| 平均 | 203.13b | 456.20b | 408.59c | 258.43c | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in soil available potassium content between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的土壤速效钾含量差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.6 茶树-核桃间作对茶园土壤交换性钙含量的影响
表7 茶树-核桃间作茶园土壤交换性钙含量的分析结果Tab. 7 Analysis results of soil exchange calcium content of the tea- walnut intercropping garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point-walnut distance | 土壤中的交换性钙 Exchangeable calcium of the soil/(mg•kg-1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1m | 814.36a | 706.66b | 800.14a | 530.12d | 980.95a | 603.60e | 2585.34a | 654.89e |
| 2m | 629.47d | 660.10b | 912.25b | 2109.91b | |||||
| 3m | 602.04e | 434.18e | 750.90d | 1283.98d | |||||
| 平均 | 681.96c | 631.47c | 881.37c | 1993.08c | |||||
| 20~40 | 1m | 695.57a | 638.89e | 590.75a | 482.21b | 590.05a | 395.40d | 1659.91c | 312.54e |
| 2m | 683.75b | 372.16e | 571.45b | 1934.80a | |||||
| 3m | 649.30c | 459.88d | 388.60e | 1617.15d | |||||
| 平均 | 676.21d | 474.26c | 516.70c | 1737.29b | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in soil exchange calcium content between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的土壤交换性钙含量差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
2.7 茶树-核桃间作对茶园土壤交换性镁含量的影响
表8 茶树-核桃间作茶园土壤交换性镁含量的分析结果Tab. 8 Analysis results of soil exchange magnesium content of the tea-walnut intercropping garden |
| 土壤深度 Soil depth/cm | 取样点-核桃间距 Sampling point-walnut distance | 土壤中的交换性镁 Exchangeable magnesium of the soil/(mg•kg-1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 a | 10 a | 15 a | 30 a | ||||||
| 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | 间作 | 单作 | ||
| 0~20 | 1m | 39.34a | 21.69d | 29.56a | 4.99e | 146.14a | 29.55e | 103.34a | 13.69e |
| 2m | 24.23c | 25.69b | 140.70b | 68.76c | |||||
| 3m | 11.42e | 17.03d | 86.60d | 68.38d | |||||
| 平均 | 25.00b | 24.09c | 95.64c | 80.16b | |||||
| 20~40 | 1m | 37.56a | 18.39d | 17.91a | 6.99e | 126.88b | 38.23e | 119.10a | 10.58e |
| 2m | 28.95b | 16.43b | 136.48a | 99.07b | |||||
| 3m | 14.61e | 10.66d | 88.72d | 66.94d | |||||
| 平均 | 27.04c | 15.00c | 117.36c | 95.04c | |||||
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate that there is a significant difference in soil exchange magnesium content between single-plant tea garden and interplant tea garden, and the distance between tea tree and walnut at the level of (P<0.05). | |
注:不同小写字母表示单作茶园与间作茶园,以及茶树-核桃间距的土壤交换性镁含量差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
