1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
1.2.1 人工授粉
1.2.2 授粉后子房发育的组织学观察
1.2.3 柱头和胚珠的扫描电镜观察
1.2.4 RNA的提取及转录组测序
1.2.5 生物信息学分析
1.2.6 qRT-PCR验证
表1 引物设计Tab. 1 Primer design |
| 基因名称Gene | 引物序列(5°-3°)Primer sequence (5°-3°) | |
|---|---|---|
| LOC116253844 | F: ACTGGAGCATCAAGATCAAC | R: GACGACGATGGTGTTCTC |
| LOC116260094 | F: CTGGCAACGGGAAGATAATG | R: TTTGGAGAGGCGGTTCTT |
| LOC116249120 | F: GAGAGCCACGGTTAATCTAC | R: TTCACCACCAACCAAGTC |
| LOC116266588 | F: CGGAGGAACATTGGACAC | R: AGTAACCACTTCAACAGCAG |
| 18S | F: CAACCATAAACGATGCCGA | R: AGCCTTGCGACCATACTCC |
2 结果与分析
2.1 ‘公牛眼’与‘泰国王’品种子房发育的形态差异
2.2 ‘公牛眼’与‘泰国王’品种子房发育的组织学观察
图2 ‘公牛眼’与‘泰国王’品种授粉后胚珠的发育差异A、B、C、D:‘公牛眼’授粉后6 h、4 d、7 d和10 d的胚珠;E、F、G、H:‘泰国王’授粉后6 h、4 d、7 d和10 d的胚珠;标尺:200 μm。DO:正常发育的胚珠;AO:败育的胚珠,ED:发育的胚。 Fig. 2 Developmental differences of ovules in water lily after pollination A, B, C, D: Ovules 6 h, 4, 7 and 10 d after pollination of N. ‘Bull’s Eye’; E, F, G, H: Ovules 6 h, 4, 7 and 10 d after pollination of N. ‘King of Siam’; Scale: 200 μm. DO: Ovule of normal development; AO: Ovule of abortion; ED: Embryo of development. |
图3 ‘公牛眼’与‘泰国王’品种柱头的电镜观察A:‘公牛眼’柱头表面;B:‘公牛眼’柱头表面附着的花粉;C:‘泰国王’柱头表面;D:‘泰国王’柱头表面附着的花粉;pl:花粉。 Fig. 3 Electron microscopic observation of stigma of water lily A: Stigma surface of N. ‘Bull’s Eye’; B: Pollen attached to the stigma surface of N. ‘Bull’s Eye’; C: Capital surface of N. ‘King of Siam’°; D: Pollen attached to the stigma surface of N. ‘King of Siam’; pl: Pollen. |
图4 ‘公牛眼’与‘泰国王’品种胚珠的电镜观察A、C:‘公牛眼’授粉后7 d不同电镜倍数下的胚珠;B、D:‘泰国王’授粉后7 d不同电镜倍数下的胚珠。 Fig. 4 Electron microscopic observation of ovules of water lily A, C: Ovules 7 days after pollination of N. ‘Bull’s Eye’ under different multiples; B, D: Ovules 7 days after pollination of N. ‘King of Siam’ under different multiples. |
2.3 ‘公牛眼’与‘泰国王’品种子房的转录组分析
2.3.1 转录组测序质量评估及基因表达量分析
表2 转录组测序数据质量情况汇总Tab. 2 Summary of the sequencing data quality of the RNA-seq |
| 样品 Sample | 原始序列 Raw reads | 有效序列 Valid reads | 测序量 Base/Gb | 有效序列所占比例 Valid reads Ratio/% | 质量值≥20的碱基所占比例Q20/% | 质量值≥30的碱基所占比例Q30/% | GC含量所占比例 GC/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OA_1 | 45 694 824 | 44 883 060 | 6.73 | 98.22 | 99.98 | 98.09 | 48.50 |
| OA_2 | 48 092 540 | 47 259 034 | 7.09 | 98.27 | 99.99 | 98.27 | 48.00 |
| OA_3 | 48 544 674 | 47 702 672 | 7.16 | 98.27 | 99.98 | 98.03 | 48.50 |
| OD_1 | 44 775 358 | 43 756 560 | 6.56 | 97.72 | 99.98 | 98.08 | 49.00 |
| OD_2 | 42 525 960 | 41 780 360 | 6.27 | 98.25 | 99.98 | 97.80 | 48.50 |
| OD_3 | 53 167 298 | 52 238 494 | 7.84 | 98.25 | 99.99 | 98.81 | 48.00 |
2.3.2 差异基因GO富集分析
图7 GO富集分析气泡图横坐标Rich factor表示位于该GO的差异基因个数/位于该GO的总基因数,Rich factor越大,GO富集程度越高。纵坐标是GO_Term,即GO功能注释;点的大小代表GO的差异基因个数,点的颜色代表富集分析的P值,即富集的显著性,P≤0.05表示显著富集。 Fig. 7 Bubble Diagram of GO enrichment analysis Abscissa rich factor indicates the number of differential genes located in the go/the total number of genes located in the go. The larger the rich factor, the higher the enrichment degree of go. The ordinate is go_ Term, i.e. go function annotation; The size of the point represents the number of differential genes of go, the color of the point represents the P value of enrichment analysis, that is, the significance of enrichment, and P≤0.05 represents significant enrichment. |
2.3.3 差异基因KEGG富集分析
图8 KEGG富集分析气泡图横坐标Rich Factor表示位于该KEGG的差异基因数/位于该 KEGG 的总基因数,Rich Factor值越大,KEGG 富集程度越大,点的大小代表该KEGG的差异基因数,点的颜色代表富集分析的P值,即富集的显著性,P≤0.05表示显著富集。 Fig. 8 Bubble Diagram of KEGG enrichment analysis Abscissa rich factor represents the number of differential genes located in the KEGG / the total number of genes located in the KEGG. The greater the rich factor value, the greater the enrichment degree of KEGG. The size of the point represents the number of differential genes of the KEGG, the color of the point represents the P value of enrichment analysis, that is, the significance of enrichment, and P≤0.05 represents significant enrichment. |
2.4 相关基因的qRT-PCR表达分析
表3 相关差异表达基因的信息Tab. 3 Information about differentially expressed genes |
| 代谢通路名称 KEGG pathway name | 基因名称 Gene name | 说明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 核糖体 | LOC116249120 | Ribosomal_L1 domain-containing protein [Cephalotus follicularis] |
| LOC116253844 | 50S ribosomal protein L4, chloroplastic-like isoform X2 [Cucurbita moschata] | |
| LOC116260094 | 50S ribosomal protein L35, chloroplastic [Amborella trichopoda] | |
| LOC116266588 | PREDICTED: 50S ribosomal protein L21, chloroplastic-like [Juglans regia] |
