1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 研究样地土壤概况Tab. 1 Soil general situation of experimental sample sites |
| 处理 Treatment | pH | 全氮 Total N/(g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable N/(mg·kg-1) | 速效磷 Rapidly available P/(mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Rapidly available K/(mg·kg-1) | 有机质 Organic matter /(g·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 单作CK | 6.19 | 1.92 | 87.27 | 3.25 | 41.31 | 27.63 |
| 间作 | 5.53 | 1.36 | 82.13 | 5.02 | 32.82 | 18.11 |
1.2 方法
1.2.1 光合特性测定
1.2.2 香气成分测定
1.3 数据处理
1.3.1 定性分析
1.3.2 定量分析
1.3.3 数据统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 间作对香露兜叶片光合特性的影响
表2 不同种植模式下香露兜光合特性差异比较Tab. 2 Comparison of photosynthesis of pandan in different planting patterns |
| 处理 Treatment | 净光合速率Pn /(μmol·m-2·s-1) | 蒸腾速率Tr /(mmol·m-2·s-1) | 气孔导度Gs /(mol·m-2·s-1) | 胞间CO2浓度Ci /(μmol·mol-1) | 叶片温度TL /℃ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 单作CK | 5.17±0.61b | 2.42±0.55a | 0.18±0.05a | 334.49±10.73a | 35.53±0.02a |
| 间作 | 6.29±0.30a | 2.47±0.17a | 0.19±0.04a | 325.14±9.58a | 34.09±0.10b |
注:数据为平均值±标准差;同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data is mean ± standard deviation. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05). |
2.2 间作对香露兜挥发性香气成分种类的影响
图1 不同种植模式下香露兜叶片香气成分种类数量(A)和含量(B)Ⅰ:吡咯类;Ⅱ:醇类;Ⅲ:酚类;Ⅳ:呋喃类;Ⅴ:呋喃酮类;Ⅵ:烃类;Ⅶ:酸类;Ⅷ:酮类;Ⅸ:酯类。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 Fig. 1 Number (A) and contents (B) of volatile compounds in leaves of pandan plant grown under different planting patterns Ⅰ: Pyrroles; Ⅱ: Alcohols; Ⅲ: Phenols; Ⅳ: Furans; Ⅴ: Furanone; Ⅵ: Hydrocarbons; Ⅶ: Acids; Ⅷ: Ketones; Ⅸ: Esters. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05). |
2.3 间作对香露兜挥发性香气成分组成的影响
表3 不同种植模式下香露兜叶片挥发性香气成分及含量Tab. 3 Volatiles in leaves of pandan plant grown under different planting patterns |
| 化合物种类 Classes | 保留时间 RT/min | 保留指数 RI | 化合物名称 Compounds | 代码 Code | 单作 Monoculture /(μg·g-1) | 间作 Intercropping /(μg·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 酯类 | 9.683 | 1218 | 丙酮酸甲酯methyl 2-oxopropanoate | I1 | 36.86±1.01a | 5.92±0.31b |
| 15.318 | 1471 | 乙酰氧基丙酮2-oxopropyl acetate | I2 | 13.07±0.25b | 20.86±0.20a | |
| 29.941 | 2143 | (±)-α-羟基-γ-丁内酯α-butyrolactone | I3 | 24.51±1.97a | 30.16±7.58a | |
| 31.025 | 2211 | 棕榈酸甲酯methyl hexadecanoate | I4 | ― | 12.29±0.26 | |
| 31.769 | 2260 | 棕榈酸乙酯ethyl hexadecanoate | I5 | 18.67±0.43b | 39.25±2.46a | |
| 34.813 | 2472 | 油酸乙酯ethyl oleate | I6 | 5.41±0.25a | 7.90±2.36a | |
| 35.521 | 2524 | 亚油酸乙酯ethyl linoleate | I7 | 8.24±0.53b | 30.26±3.21a | |
| 36.613 | 2606 | 亚麻酸乙酯ethyl linolenate | I8 | 21.65±2.10b | 44.29±0.73a | |
| 酮类 | 10.717 | 1281 | 3-羟基-2-丁酮acetoin | H1 | 5.28±0.23b | 9.77±0.35a |
| 11.234 | 1310 | 丙酮醇acetol | H2 | 79.42±1.84b | 115.81±4.20a | |
| 18.710 | 1587 | 4-环戊烯-1,3-二酮2-cyclopentene-1,4-dione | H3 | 3.36±0.28 | ― | |
| 22.898 | 1763 | 2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one | H4 | 12.94±0.04 | ― | |
| 24.310 | 1834 | 甲基环戊烯醇酮cyclotene | H5 | 7.16±0.19 | ― | |
| 25.480 | 1895 | 乙基环戊烯醇酮3-ethyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione | H6 | 3.49±0.05b | 13.57±0.49a | |
| 呋喃类 | 15.290 | 1470 | 糖醛2-formylfuran | D1 | 11.24±0.43b | 14.02±0.18a |
| 20.529 | 1657 | 糖醇furfuryl alcohol | D2 | 7.18±0.30 | ― | |
| 28.310 | 2047 | 呋喃酮furaneol | D3 | 8.24±0.17a | 7.17±0.58b | |
| 33.660 | 2389 | 2,3-二氢苯并呋喃2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | D4 | 169.18±4.83b | 297.34±8.41a | |
| 35.025 | 2487 | 5-羟甲基糠醛5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural | D5 | 24.93±1.04a | 24.50±1.35a | |
| 醇类 | 7.620 | 1038 | 丙醇1-propanol | B1 | 5.16±0.30b | 16.57±1.01a |
| 32.401 | 2302 | 甘油glycerin | B2 | 9.01±0.45 | ― | |
| 36.818 | 2622 | 叶绿醇phytol | B3 | 12.01±1.24b | 318.16±10.32a | |
| 酚类 | 27.674 | 2011 | 苯酚hydroxybenzene | C1 | 8.89±0.25b | 17.14±0.69a |
| 28.567 | 2061 | 鄰乙苯酚2-ethylphenol | C2 | 5.02±0.10b | 9.55±0.07a | |
| 30.867 | 2201 | 4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol | C3 | 7.99±0.13 | ― | |
| 烃类 | 26.073 | 1926 | 新植二烯neophytadiene | G1 | 118.80±2.17b | 263.51±3.01a |
| 39.852 | 2865 | 角鲨烯squalene | G2 | 91.15±3.59b | 548.37±18.26a | |
| 吡咯类 | 11.712 | 1332 | 2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉2-acetyl-1-pyrroline | A1 | 23.30±0.69b | 63.00±0.99a |
| 呋喃酮类 | 22.151 | 1727 | 3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮3-methyl-2(5H)-furanone | E1 | 128.01±3.84b | 337.10±4.99a |
| 22.875 | 1762 | 2(5H)-呋喃酮2(5H)-furanone | E2 | 4.23±0.41 | ― | |
| 酸类 | 25.757 | 1909 | 2-甲基-2-戊烯酸2-methyl-2-pentenoic acid | F1 | ― | 8.21±0.76 |
注:数据为平均值±标准差;同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05);―表示未检测到该物质。 | |
Note: Data is mean ± standard deviation; Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05); ― indicates substance not detected. |
2.4 不同种植模式下香露兜叶片的光合特性和香气成分的相关性
图2 不同种植模式下香露兜叶片光合特性与香气成分含量相关性分析*表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05);***表示处理间差异极显著(P<0.001)。蓝色表示正相关,橙色表示负相关,颜色的深浅说明相关性的大小;代码A 1、B3、D4、E1、G1、G2、H2为香气成分。 Fig. 2 Correlation between photosynthesis and contents of volatile compounds in leaves of pandan plant under different planting patterns * indicates significant difference among treatments (P<0.05), *** indicates extremely significant difference among treatments (P<0.001). Blue shows a positive correlation, orange shows a negative correlation, and the depth of the color indicates the magnitude of the correlation; A1, B3, D4, E1, G1, G2, H2 sample codes are aromatic components. |
