1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 测定指标的双因素方差分析
表1 双因素方差分析有机肥和生物炭对光合及产量的作用Tab. 1 Two-way ANOVA test of effects of organic fertilizer and biochar on photosynthesis and yield |
| 指标 Indicators | 有机肥Organic fertilizer | 生物炭Biochar | 有机肥×生物炭Organic fertilizer × Biochar | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H | M | L | Y1 | Y2 | CK | ||
| 净光合速率(Pn) | 19.41±3.88 | 17.30±2.22 | 18.46±3.22 | 18.18±2.08 | 17.30±2.84 | 19.69±4.15 | NS |
| NS | NS | ||||||
| 气孔导度(Gs) | 0.27±0.07 | 0.24±0.09 | 0.31±0.12 | 0.24±0.05 | 0.24±0.06 | 0.35±0.12 | NS |
| NS | ES | ||||||
| 胞间CO2浓度(Ci) | 273.66±14.58 | 264.49±41.20 | 285.11±24.10 | 267.26±33.32 | 274.18±22.47 | 281.82±31.57 | NS |
| NS | NS | ||||||
| 蒸腾速率(Tr) | 7.24±1.52 | 6.90±2.23 | 8.24±2.44 | 6.47±1.29 | 6.74±1.21 | 9.17±2.50 | NS |
| NS | ES | ||||||
| 瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi) | 2.72±0.52 | 2.74±0.96 | 2.36±0.60 | 2.97±0.93 | 2.61±0.46 | 2.25±0.54 | NS |
| NS | NS | ||||||
| 叶片叶绿素含量(9月3日采样) | 41.02±2.87 | 43.31±2.66 | 40.61±1.90 | 40.98±3.07 | 41.39±2.99 | 42.58±1.93 | NS |
| NS | NS | ||||||
| 叶片叶绿素含量(10月20日采样) | 46.07±2.38 | 45.10±3.77 | 45.93±2.20 | 45.24±3.16 | 46.80±2.26 | 45.05±2.86 | NS |
| NS | NS | ||||||
| 单株产量/kg | 39.49±6.89 | 40.16±6.15 | 40.22±3.93 | 37.96±3.72 | 36.12±3.84 | 45.79±3.61 | NS |
| NS | ES | ||||||
注:数据为本组参数的平均值±标准差,ES表示差异极显著(P<0.01),NS表示差异不显著,有机肥×生物炭表示有机肥和生物炭的交互作用。 | |
Note: The data are the mean ± standard deviation of the parameters in this group. ES means extremely significant difference (P<0.01), NS means no significant difference. Organic fertilizer × Biochar indicates the interaction between organic fertilizer and biochar. |
2.2 不同施肥处理的青枣光合作用特征
表2 青枣各施肥处理实测光合参数比较Tab. 2 Comparison of measured photosynthetic parameters in different fertilization treatments of Z. mauritiana Lam. |
| 处理组合 Treatment groups | Pn /(μmol·m‒2·s‒1) | Gs /(mol·m‒2·s‒1) | Ci /(μmol·mol‒1) | Tr /(mmol·m‒2·s‒1) | WUEi /(μmol·mmol‒1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HY1 | 19.048±3.186ab | 0.254±0.036b | 275.688±12.405b | 6.699±1.188b | 2.934±0.910ab |
| MY1 | 17.554±1.515b | 0.219±0.073b | 252.661±57.671b | 6.096±1.939b | 3.172±1.411a |
| LY1 | 17.951±1.736b | 0.243±0.029b | 273.417±21.874b | 6.606±1.061b | 2.792±0.723ab |
| HY2 | 19.678±0.562ab | 0.260±0.041b | 268.550±22.542b | 7.027±0.316b | 2.804±0.154ab |
| MY2 | 15.611±2.393b | 0.220±0.066b | 276.324±29.917b | 6.350±1.888b | 2.599±0.771ab |
| LY2 | 16.599±3.565b | 0.236±0.076b | 277.677±23.298b | 6.852±1.357b | 2.434±0.343ab |
| HCK | 19.508±7.039ab | 0.292±0.116b | 276.738±11.342b | 7.996±2.514b | 2.414±0.171ab |
| MCK | 18.747±2.040ab | 0.292±0.127b | 264.480±46.350b | 8.245±2.891b | 2.463±0.812ab |
| LCK | 20.823±3.452a | 0.453±0.039a | 304.237±21.578a | 11.271±0.514a | 1.859±0.384b |
注:同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference between treatments (P<0.05). |
2.3 不同施肥处理的青枣光合色素含量特征
图1 不同时期青枣叶片叶绿素的相对含量同一时期的9个施肥处理间进行单因素方差分析,不同字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。2019年9月3日数据用小写字母标注,2019年10月20日数据用大写字母标注。 Fig. 1 Relative content of chlorophyll in leaves of Z. mauritiana Lam. at different stages One-way ANOVA was carried out among the 9 fertilization treatments in the same period. There was significant difference between representations with different letters (P<0.05). Data on September 3rd, 2019 are indicated in lowercase letters, and data on October 20th, 2019 are indicated in uppercase letters. |
2.4 不同施肥处理的青枣产量特征
2.5 青枣光合参数间的相关性分析
表3 光合参数间相关性分析(n=27)Tab. 3 Correlation analysis of photosynthetic parameters (n=27) |
| 项目Item | Pn | Gs | Ci | Tr | WUEi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pn | 1 | ||||
| Gs | 0.541** | 1 | |||
| Ci | ‒0.077 | 0.682** | 1 | ||
| Tr | 0.473* | 0.973** | 0.677** | 1 | |
| WUEi | 0.167 | ‒0.637** | ‒0.858** | ‒0.376** | 1 |
注:*表示参数间显著相关(P<0.05),**表示参数间极显著相关(P<0.01)。 | |
Note: * indicates significant correlation (P<0.05) between the parameters, and **indicates extremely significant correlation (P< 0.01) between the parameters. |
