1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 主根维管组织结构分析
图1 主根维管组织结构分析A~D:分别为CK主根、初生木质部、次生木质部、韧皮部的横切面;E~H:分别为CDM主根、初生木质部、次生木质部、韧皮部的横切面;I~L:分别为主根各部位的厚度、横切面面积、相对厚度、相对面积比较。A、E比例尺为500 μm;B~D、F~H比例尺为100 μm。X:木质部;Ph:韧皮部;PXV:原生木质部导管;MXV:后生木质部导管;SXV:次生木质部导管;Xr:木射线;Ca:形成层;St:筛管。*表示差异显著(P<0.05);**表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。 Fig. 1 Analysis of vascular tissue of main root A-D: The cross-sections of the main root, primary xylem, secondary xylem and phloem of CK, respectively; E-H: The cross-sections of the main root, primary xylem, secondary xylem and phloem of CDM, respectively; I-L: Comparison of thickness, area, relative thickness and relative area of each part of the main root. The scale of A and E is 500 μm; The scale of B-D, F-H is 100 μm. X: Xylem; Ph: Phloem; PXV: Primary xylem vessel; MXV: Metaxylem vessel; SXV: Secondary xylem vessel; Xr: Xylem rays; Ca: Cambium; St: Sieve tube. * means significant difference (P<0.05); ** means extremely significant difference (P<0.01). |
表1 主根导管分子和筛管分子比较Tab. 1 Comparisons of vessel elements and sieve tube elements in main root |
| 种类 Species | 原生木质部导管分子 Protoxylem vessel elements | 后生木质部导管分子 Metaxylem vessel elements | 次生木质部导管分子 Secondary xylem vessel elements | 韧皮部筛管分子 Secondary phloem sieve tube elements | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 孔径 Pore size /μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 密度 Density /(Pcs·mm-2) | 面积×密度 Area×Density /(μm2·mm-2) | 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 密度 Density /(Pcs·mm-2) | 面积×密度 Area×Density /(μm2·mm-2) | |
| CK | 16.33± 1.22Aa | 204.27± 20.32Aa | 26.96± 4.46Aa | 605.31± 48.18Aa | 42.66± 1.23Aa | 1532.96± 145.68Aa | 11.85± 1.10Bb | 18129.91± 2097.05Aa | 25.75± 3.13Aa | 682.93± 47.91Aa | 226.68± 31.32Bb | 154369.94± 20309.43Aa |
| 突变体 | 12.24± 1.21Bb | 131.50± 18.96Bb | 21.61± 1.85Ab | 528.83± 24.60Bb | 33.92± 3.26Bb | 1300.37± 138.12Bb | 14.79± 0.98Aa | 19212.34± 2246.20Aa | 21.06± 1.29 Bb | 381.19± 56.22Bb | 433.12± 58.14Aa | 165042.99± 34456.52Aa |
注:数据为平均值±标准差。同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data=Mean±SD. Different capital letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01), and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
表2 主根形成层比较Tab. 2 Comparisons of cambium in main root |
| 种类 Species | 形成层 Cambium | |
|---|---|---|
| 层数Number of layers | 厚度Thickness/μm | |
| CK | 6.38±0.48Aa | 75.55±7.45Aa |
| 突变体 | 3.50±0.50Bb | 52.07±8.66Bb |
注:数据为平均值±标准差。同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data=Mean±SD. Different capital letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01), and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
表3 主根木射线比较Tab. 3 Comparisons of xylem rays in main root |
| 种类 Species | 木射线类型 Type of xylem rays | 单列/多列 Uniseriate /Multiple column | 木射线长度 Xylem rays length/μm | 木射线单列列宽 Xylem ray single row width/μm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 单列或多列 | 46/26 | 2084.38±37.90Aa | 26.28±3.82Aa |
| 突变体 | 单列或多列 | 24/19 | 612.34±23.93Bb | 27.44±2.64Aa |
注:数据为平均值±标准差。同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data=Mean±SD. Different capital letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01), and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.2 茎段维管组织结构分析
图2 茎段维管组织结构分析A~D:分别为CK茎、初生木质部、次生木质部、韧皮部的横切面;E~H:分别为CDM茎、初生木质部、次生木质部、韧皮部的横切面;I~L:分别为茎各部位的厚度、横切面面积、相对厚度、相对面积比较。A和E比例尺为500 μm;B~D、F~H比例尺为100 μm。X:木质部;Ph:韧皮部;PXV:原生木质部导管;MXV:后生木质部导管;SXV:次生木质部导管;Ca:形成层;St:筛管。*表示差异显著(P<0.05);**表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。 Fig. 2 Analysis of vascular structure of stem A-D: The cross-sections of the stem, primary xylem, secondary xylem and phloem of CK, respectively; E-H: The cross-sections of the stem, primary xylem, secondary xylem and phloem of CDM, respectively; I-L: Comparison of thickness, area, relative thickness, and relative area of each part of the stem. The scale of A and E is 500 μm; The scale of B-D, F-H is 100 μm. X: Xylem; Ph: Phloem; PXV: Primary xylem vessel; MXV: Metaxylem vessel; SXV: Secondary xylem vessel; Ca: Cambium; St: Sieve tube. * means significant difference (P<0.05), ** means extremely significant difference (P<0.01). |
表4 茎段导管分子和筛管分子比较Tab. 4 Comparisons of vessel elements and sieve tube elements in stem |
| 种类 Species | 原生木质部导管分子 Protoxylem vessel elements | 后生木质部导管分子 Metaxylem vessel elements | 次生木质部导管分子 Secondary xylem vessel elements | 韧皮部筛管分子 Secondary phloem sieve tube elements | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 密度 Density /(Pcs·mm-2) | 面积×密度 Area×Density /(μm2·mm-2) | 孔径 Pore size/μm | 面积 Area /μm2 | 密度 Density /(Pcs·mm-2) | 面积×密度 Area×Density /(μm2·mm-2) | |
| CK | 13.12± 1.39Bb | 146.74± 13.80Bb | 22.72± 1.46Bb | 356.40± 14.08Bb | 44.13± 2.76Aa | 1423.17± 85.83Aa | 27.89±1.92Bb | 39816.04± 4838.65Bb | 27.82± 2.21Aa | 540.32± 37.05Aa | 454.97± 31.80Bb | 246576.73± 30704.60Aa |
| 突变体 | 15.97± 1.86Aa | 231.24± 3.13Aa | 30.28± 2.49Aa | 661.96± 91.75Aa | 24.08± 2.62Bb | 879.66± 65.71Bb | 64.93±4.04Aa | 57009.49± 4392.08Aa | 14.92± 2.21Bb | 256.15± 20.13Bb | 721.20± 176.78Aa | 184024.40± 44980.78Bb |
注:数据为平均值±标准差。同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P <0.05)。 | |
Note: Data=Mean±SD. Different capital letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference(P<0.01), and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
表5 茎段形成层比较Tab. 5 Comparisons of cambium in stem |
| 种类 Species | 形成层 Cambium | |
|---|---|---|
| 层数Number of layers | 厚度Thickness/μm | |
| CK | 5.38±0.70Aa | 87.41±16.18Aa |
| 突变体 | 4.00±0.71Ab | 61.82±6.21Bb |
注:数据为平均值±标准差。同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data=Mean±SD. Different capital letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference(P<0.01), and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.3 叶维管组织结构分析
图3 叶柄和叶主脉维管组织结构分析A~D:分别为CK叶柄、叶柄维管束、叶主脉、叶主脉维管束的横切面;E~H:分别为CDM叶柄、叶柄维管束、叶主脉、叶主脉维管束的横切面;I~J:分别为叶柄各部位的厚度、横切面面积比较;K~L:分别为叶主脉厚度、横切面面积比较。A和E比例尺为500 μm;B~D、F~H比例尺为100 μm。Vb:维管束;Ph:韧皮部;PXV:原生木质部导管;MXV:后生木质部导管;St:筛管。*表示差异显著(P<0.05),**表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。 Fig. 3 Analysis of vascular tissue structure of petiole and leaf main vein A-D: The cross-sections of the petiole, vascular bundle of petiole, leaf main vein and vascular bundle of leaf main vein of CK, respectively; E-H: The cross-sections of the petiole, vascular bundle of petiole, leaf main vein and vascular bundle of leaf main vein of CDM, respectively; I-J: Comparison of thickness and area of each part of the petiole; K-L: Comparison of thickness and area of each part of leaf main vein. The scale of A and E is 500 μm; The scale of B-D, F-H is 100 μm. Vb: Vascular bundle; Ph: Phloem; PXV: Primary xylem vessel; MXV: Metaxylem vessel; St: Sieve tube. * means significant difference (P<0.05), **means extremely significant difference (P<0.01). |
表6 叶柄和叶主脉导管分子和筛管分子比较Tab. 6 Comparisons of vessel elements and sieve tube elements in petioles and leaf main vein |
| 种类 Species | 原生木质部导管分子 Protoxylem vessel elements | 后生木质部导管分子 Metaxylem vessel elements | 初生韧皮部筛管分子 Primary phloem sieve tube elements | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 孔径Pore size/μm | 面积Area/μm2 | 孔径Pore size/μm | 面积Area/μm2 | 孔径Pore size/μm | 面积Area/μm2 | ||
| 叶柄 | CK | 10.75±1.41Aa | 113.65±16.64Aa | 20.97±1.57Aa | 480.17±57.94Aa | 7.96±1.04Aa | 60.43±16.69Aa |
| 突变体 | 6.89±0.82Bb | 63.96±13.39Bb | 16.13±1.30Bb | 279.67±41.09Bb | 6.44±0.52Bb | 41.76±5.85Ab | |
| 叶主脉 | CK | 16.62±1.55Aa | 312.37±39.35Aa | 32.13±4.22Aa | 777.34±92.06Aa | 7.11±0.75Aa | 47.83±4.55Aa |
| 突变体 | 9.74±1.13Bb | 116.92±7.92Bb | 20.28±1.67Bb | 279.78±33.15Bb | 5.72±0.60Bb | 33.78±4.06Bb | |
注:数据为平均值±标准差。同列不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data=Mean±SD. Different capital letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01), and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). |
