1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 用于扩增XJSJF003菌株序列的3对通用引物Tab. 1 Three pairs universal primers for amplifying sequence of XJSJF003 strain DNA gene |
| 基因名称 Gene name | 引物名称 Primer name | 引物序列(5¢-3¢) Primer sequence (5¢-3¢) | 退火温度 Annealing temperature/℃ | 目的片段长度 Sequence length/bp |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITS | ITS1 | TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG | 57.5 | 657 |
| ITS4 | TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC' | |||
| SSU | NS1 | GTAGTCATATGCTTGTCTC | 47.2 | 1118 |
| NS4 | CTTCCGTCAATTCCTTTAAG | |||
| LSU | LROR | AGATGAAAAGAACTTTGAAAAGAGAG | 49.0 | 572 |
| LR5 | ATCCTGAGGGAAATCTC |
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 病害症状
图1 橡胶树灵芝茎腐病症状A:病树叶片失绿发黄;B:倒树发病症状;C:枯死病树;D、E:病树茎干上长出的灵芝担子果;F:病树倒干上长出的灵芝担子果;G:病树茎干木质部组织白腐;H:病树茎干回枯,根系尚好。 Fig. 1 Symptoms of rubber tree Ganoderma stem rot A: Diseased tree leaves are chlorotic and yellow; B: The symptoms of falling tree of disease; C: The diseased treehas died dry; D and E: Basidocarps of Ganoderma on the stem of diseased tree; F: Basidocarps of Ganoderma on the fallen stem of disease tree; G: Diseased tree stem xylem tissue white rot; H: The stem of the diseased tree has been dieback and the roots are still healthy. |
2.2 致病性测定
图2 致病性测定及病菌担子果诱导A、B:幼树接种病菌3个月后发病症状;C:对照;D:幼树接种病菌10个月后长出的担子果;E:用木屑培养诱导产生的担子果。 Fig. 2 Pathogenicity determination and basidocarp induction A and B: Symptoms of young trees inoculated with pathogens after 3 month; C: CK; D: Basidocarps of Ganoderma that grows after young trees inoculated with pathogens after 10 months; E: Basidocarp were grown on the sawdust medium after 10 months of induction. |
2.3 病原菌的鉴定
图3 橡胶树灵芝茎腐病病菌的形态A:潮湿条件下正在生长的担子果;B:干燥条件下正在生长的担子果;C:新鲜成熟的担子果正面;D:新鲜成熟的担子果背面;E:成熟后干燥的担子果;F:担孢子。 Fig. 3 Pathogen morphology of rubber tree Ganoderma stem rot A: Basidiocarps growing under moist conditions; B: Basidiocarp growing under dry conditions; C: The front of fresh ripened basidiocarps; D: The back of fresh ripened basidiocarps; E: Mature dried basidiocarps; F: Basidiospores. |
图4 橡胶树灵芝茎腐病病原菌的分子鉴定Fig. 4 Molecular identification of the pathogen causing rubber tree Ganoderma stem rot |
表2 序列表Tab. 2 Sequences list |
| 种名Species name | ITS基因ITS gene | LSU基因LSU gene | SSU基因SSU gene | 菌株号Isolation name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ganoderma australe | LC084717.1 | KY418900.1 | AY336763.1 | 2-18 |
| Ganoderma gibbosum | KJ654373.1 | MK215785.1 | MK235150.1 | T160 |
| Ganoderma tropicum | EU021458.1 | MH876428.1 | MK235148.1 | Wu0407-2 |
| Ganoderma pseudoferreum | FJ392285.1 | KX454438.1 | KX454479.1 | CATAS-Gp-003 |
| Ganoderma adspersum | MN396655.1 | MG706156.1 | DQ661918.1 | MFLU 19-2220 |
| Ganoderma lingzhi | MN258634.1 | MH294366.1 | MK346841.1 | HFJAU0581 |
| Lentinus tigrinus | MH856001.1 | AY615977.1 | AY946269.1 | CBS-249.39 |
| Ganoderma applanatum | MK268928.1 | MG706162.1 | AH012391.2 | CLZhao 4109 |
| Ganoderma lucidum | GU726919.1 | MH873099.1 | AH012387.2 | GL-1 |
| Botryosphaeria dothidea | FJ493245.1 | MN215865.1 | AF051640.1 | BD080705002 |
| Ganoderma boninense | MK713557.1 | KU220015.1 | KF925452.1 | GbHap3 |
| Ganoderma tsunodae | FJ154773.1 | AB368069.1 | FJ154774.1 | GR363 |
| Ganoderma resinaceum | EF060007.1 | MH867290.1 | AH012390.2 | CH 160999.3 |
2.4 生物学特性
表3 不同碳源培养南方灵芝的菌落直径及特征Tab. 3 Colony diameter and colony characteristics of G. australe under different carbon sources conditions |
| 不同培养基 Different media | 菌落直径 Colony diameter/cm | 菌落特征 Colony characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| PDA | 7.70±0.05aA | 菌丝层厚且厚薄均匀,长势优良 |
| Ricard | 4.37±0.06eE | 菌丝层近透明,长势差 |
| 燕麦 | 6.07±0.13dD | 菌丝层较厚且厚薄均匀,长势优良 |
| PSA | 7.15±0.09bB | 菌丝层较厚且厚薄均匀,长势优良 |
| 橡胶茎干 | 6.67±0.03cC | 菌丝层较厚且厚薄均匀,长势良好 |
| 玉米 | 2.75±0.09fF | 菌丝层较薄,厚度均匀,长势极弱 |
注:不同大写字母表示0.0l水平上差异极显著,不同小写字母表示0.05水平上差异显著。 | |
Note: Different capital letters mean extremely significant difference at the 0.01 level, different small letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 level. |
图5 不同温度培养南方灵芝的菌落直径不同大写字母表示0.01水平上差异极显著,不同小写字母表示0.05水平上差异显著。 Fig. 5 Colony diameter of G. australe cultured at different temperature Different capital letters mean extremely significant difference at the 0.01 level, different small letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 level. |
图6 不同光照下南方灵芝的菌落直径不同大写字母表示0.01水平上差异极显著,不同小写字母表示0.05水平上差异显著。 Fig. 6 Colony diameter of G. australe cultured under different light conditions Different capital letters mean extremely significant difference at the 0.01 level, different small letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 level. |
