1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 供试材料及来源Tab. 1 Tested lines (varietes) and origin |
| 序号 Serial number | 亲本名称 Parent name | 亲本编号 Parent number | 类型 Type | 来源 Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | m35 | A1 | 牛角 | 海南腾桥 |
| 2 | m118 | A2 | 羊角 | 江西南昌 |
| 3 | m62 | A3 | 牛角 | 湖南长沙 |
| 4 | m254 | A4 | 羊角 | 泰国引进 |
| 5 | m119 | A5 | 牛角 | 江苏南京 |
| 6 | f65 | B1 | 灯笼 | 江西抚州 |
| 7 | f15 | B2 | 牛角 | 湖南株州 |
| 8 | f93 | B3 | 牛角 | 海南三亚 |
| 9 | f243 | B4 | 灯笼 | 海南英州 |
| 10 | f65 | B5 | 羊角 | 福建宁化 |
| 11 | f188 | B6 | 牛角 | 福建沙县 |
1.2 方法
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 SRAP遗传距离分析
表2 辣椒各亲本间的遗传距离Tab. 2 Genetic distance between parents of pepper |
| 母本 Female parents | 父本 Male parents | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | |
| A1 | 0.2914 | 0.2402 | 0.4310 | 0.3550 | 0.3013 | 0.2589 |
| A2 | 0.3336 | 0.2195 | 0.3801 | 0.4055 | 0.3186 | 0.2604 |
| A3 | 0.3375 | 0.2155 | 0.4547 | 0.3316 | 0.2207 | 0.2524 |
| A4 | 0.2324 | 0.2365 | 0.4331 | 0.3011 | 0.2847 | 0.2748 |
| A5 | 0.3564 | 0.2361 | 0.5605 | 0.3878 | 0.2648 | 0.2149 |
2.2 杂种优势表现
表3 辣椒30个杂交组合的杂种优势Tab. 3 Heterosis of 30 hybrid combinations in pepper |
| 杂交组合 Cross combination | 始花节位 Node position of first flower | 果长 Fruit length | 果宽 Fruit width | 果柄长 Carpopodium length | 果肉厚 Sarcocarp thickness | 单果重 Single fruit weight | 结果数 Fruit number | 单株产量 Yield per plant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1×B1 | -28.14 | 34.24 | 25.53 | 26.40 | 36.00 | 9.93 | -47.19 | 20.28 |
| A1×B2 | -23.89 | 13.17 | 20.78 | 47.92 | -4.55 | 29.71 | -27.04 | 37.24 |
| A1×B3 | -13.73 | -0.40 | 21.39 | 15.45 | 11.11 | 53.58 | 6.37 | 82.18 |
| A1×B4 | -25.45 | -4.37 | 3.49 | 7.96 | 0.00 | 5.72 | -13.89 | 37.86 |
| A1×B5 | -28.71 | 7.39 | 5.35 | 15.67 | 5.26 | 45.00 | -27.49 | 18.84 |
| A1×B6 | -15.12 | -12.49 | 18.70 | -11.56 | -21.05 | -3.95 | -13.76 | 28.08 |
| A2×B1 | -23.30 | 12.21 | 1.15 | -7.01 | -15.38 | 12.57 | 3.05 | 3.76 |
| A2×B2 | -20.26 | 5.80 | 31.71 | -21.78 | -13.04 | -4.09 | 9.46 | 26.02 |
| A2×B3 | -28.96 | 6.11 | 38.75 | -31.81 | 10.53 | 86.06 | -1.79 | 85.90 |
| A2×B4 | -1.75 | -5.56 | -6.62 | -4.45 | 0.00 | 16.90 | 13.28 | 14.21 |
| A2×B5 | -7.90 | 32.74 | 0.00 | 3.58 | 10.00 | 71.86 | -28.81 | 24.99 |
| A2×B6 | -28.00 | 0.90 | 0.46 | -27.85 | -25.00 | -13.64 | 1.73 | 10.66 |
| A3×B1 | -21.05 | 0.08 | -7.32 | 29.90 | -19.35 | -26.88 | 28.94 | -0.22 |
| A3×B2 | -1.60 | 0.97 | -0.80 | -2.94 | 0.00 | 5.73 | 9.07 | 14.93 |
| A3×B3 | -27.46 | 17.24 | -15.46 | -4.31 | 0.00 | 0.26 | -11.69 | -3.15 |
| A3×B4 | -2.46 | 21.10 | -2.75 | 7.58 | 0.00 | 4.94 | 7.96 | 19.13 |
| A3×B5 | -3.81 | 58.49 | 35.36 | -20.63 | -8.00 | 65.69 | -11.18 | 58.69 |
| A3×B6 | -2.48 | 4.61 | 0.75 | 1.73 | 0.00 | 1.07 | 5.87 | 4.90 |
| A4×B1 | -29.73 | -2.70 | 2.08 | -17.88 | -27.59 | -35.30 | 34.41 | 9.16 |
| A4×B2 | -32.23 | 42.38 | -9.17 | 3.03 | -23.08 | 6.70 | 48.23 | 65.23 |
| A4×B3 | -25.45 | 15.42 | 6.15 | 19.25 | -13.04 | 27.73 | 30.99 | 67.40 |
| A4×B4 | -14.66 | -11.16 | -3.69 | 4.03 | 0.00 | -13.19 | 36.61 | 24.93 |
| A4×B5 | -25.41 | 35.43 | -5.95 | -8.76 | -13.04 | 17.76 | 6.75 | 25.14 |
| A4×B6 | -35.89 | -15.00 | 13.78 | -7.50 | -13.04 | -18.88 | 16.00 | 0.93 |
| A5×B1 | -28.58 | -5.43 | -25.77 | -3.34 | -14.81 | -36.31 | 38.62 | 3.20 |
| A5×B2 | -34.92 | 44.82 | 19.43 | 0.96 | -8.33 | -24.40 | -0.90 | 55.23 |
| A5×B3 | -20.35 | 13.72 | -9.85 | -7.64 | -4.76 | 35.30 | 0.16 | 37.06 |
| A5×B4 | -25.62 | -18.40 | 11.39 | -11.73 | 27.78 | 13.15 | 24.60 | 42.27 |
| A5×B5 | -29.20 | 15.54 | -1.16 | -11.85 | -4.76 | 70.62 | -29.69 | 20.34 |
| A5×B6 | -45.95 | 0.42 | -15.27 | -21.55 | -4.76 | -24.41 | 42.44 | 10.53 |
| 平均值 | -21.74 | 10.24 | 5.08 | -1.30 | -4.43 | 12.64 | 5.04 | 28.19 |
2.3 配合力分析
表4 辣椒各性状的配合力方差分析(F值)Tab. 4 Variance analysis of combining ability for the characters of pepper (F value) |
| 变异来源 Variation resource | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | 始花节位 Node position of first flower | 果长 Fruit length | 果宽 Fruit width | 果柄长 Carpopodium length | 果肉厚 Sarcocarp thickness | 单果重 Single fruit weight | 结果数 Fruit number | 单株产量 Yield per plant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 区组 | 2 | 1.2927 | 4.4593* | 0.5426 | 0.8765 | 0.2820 | 0.9970 | 0.6531 | 3.4891* |
| 组合 | 29 | 439.3100** | 641.1907** | 179.4018** | 139.8712** | 81.4368** | 146.7400** | 74.3194** | 18.2278** |
| P1 | 5 | 1.8064 | 1.7098 | 0.7114 | 5.5318** | 0.5857 | 1.6051 | 2.7648* | 1.2578 |
| P2 | 4 | 0.5509 | 0.5608 | 0.6530 | 1.3968 | 0.3492 | 0.7019 | 0.3054 | 0.4899 |
| P1×P2 | 20 | 407.8632** | 603.8727** | 199.3576** | 76.1795** | 97.1880** | 138.0162** | 61.4988** | 18.7129** |
| 误差 | 58 | ||||||||
| 合计 | 89 |
Note: * indicate significant difference at 0.05 level; * * indicate extremly significant difference at 0.01 level. | |
注:* 表示在0.05水平差异显著;** 表示在0.01水平差异极显著。 |
表5 辣椒各性状的GCA效应值Tab. 5 GCA effect value of different characters in pepper |
| 亲本 Parents | 始花节位 Node position of first flower | 果长 Fruit length | 果宽 Fruit width | 果柄长 Carpopodium length | 果肉厚 Sarcocarp thickness | 单果重 Single fruit weight | 结果数 Fruit number | 单株产量 Yield per plant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | 1.7872 | 8.3775 | 7.3460 | 6.0884 | 5.0856 | 10.0815 | -6.0832 | 6.3032 |
| A2 | 2.2157 | 5.8313 | 1.1140 | -3.0967 | -5.5527 | 7.1899 | -0.9490 | -0.2142 |
| A3 | 6.3166 | -4.3218 | 3.3731 | 3.3198 | 4.3072 | -3.0823 | 5.0993 | 1.3155 |
| A4 | -3.8438 | -10.713 | 2.9836 | -9.0277 | -1.6606 | -1.1510 | -3.9044 | -1.0954 |
| A5 | -6.4757 | 0.8260 | -14.8165 | 2.7162 | -2.1796 | -13.0382 | 5.8373 | -6.3091 |
| B1 | -11.5681 | -17.3133 | 11.4279 | -4.7054 | 3.9958 | -14.0429 | 21.3429 | 5.4303 |
| B2 | 2.3871 | -7.9760 | 0.4908 | -20.6088 | -10.3269 | -5.1573 | 18.0742 | -2.2514 |
| B3 | 7.1612 | 10.8223 | -13.9051 | 1.3725 | 7.4209 | 0.6329 | -17.6462 | -12.7633 |
| B4 | 15.3140 | 11.3688 | 11.3111 | -3.2725 | 4.3072 | 18.2496 | -15.9031 | 5.1921 |
| B5 | -5.8391 | -13.8682 | -4.4169 | 9.0880 | -3.4769 | -17.0022 | 6.3922 | -4.2735 |
| B6 | -7.455 | 16.9664 | -4.9077 | 18.1262 | -1.9201 | 17.3199 | -12.2600 | 8.6657 |
表6 辣椒杂交组合间的SCA效应值Tab. 6 SCA effect value of different cross combination |
| 杂交组合 Cross combination | 始花节位 Node position of first flower | 果长 Fruit length | 果宽 Fruit width | 果柄长 Carpopodium length | 果肉厚 Sarcocarp thickness | 单果重 Single fruit weight | 结果数 Fruit number | 单株产量 Yield per plant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1×B1 | -9.4259 | -3.2978 | 46.6854 | -11.0012 | 49.7146 | 42.7188 | -41.6935 | -0.6406 |
| A1×B2 | 8.9362 | -17.0068 | -5.4764 | 3.0915 | -23.1448 | -31.3358 | 14.8125 | -2.3788 |
| A1×B3 | -2.4483 | 9.0760 | -17.2548 | -4.8760 | -11.3129 | -20.5358 | 14.7461 | -4.1526 |
| A1×B4 | 14.0042 | -25.6599 | 5.3206 | 1.1075 | -6.6424 | -7.3946 | -14.9541 | -23.0321 |
| A1×B5 | -5.6066 | 7.9166 | -30.2485 | 12.1296 | -8.1993 | -12.2106 | 32.1605 | 14.8246 |
| A1×B6 | -5.4597 | 28.9719 | 0.9737 | -0.4514 | -0.4152 | 28.7580 | -5.0715 | 15.3794 |
| A2×B1 | 4.1009 | 6.4237 | -14.7386 | 17.2366 | -0.3633 | -4.9849 | -11.8058 | -0.9800 |
| A2×B2 | -14.9957 | -6.8577 | 22.2560 | 5.1909 | 18.6300 | 47.8024 | -15.0785 | -6.5133 |
| A2×B3 | -10.2216 | -4.6291 | -9.9712 | -14.5073 | -31.8111 | -35.7140 | 27.1531 | -1.7364 |
| A2×B4 | 2.1912 | 41.2024 | 12.2536 | -10.0197 | 10.2231 | 29.5153 | -9.5515 | 19.3400 |
| A2×B5 | 14.5305 | -39.2177 | 22.1391 | -8.4451 | 2.4390 | -13.8888 | -0.6793 | -8.8964 |
| A2×B6 | 4.3947 | 3.0784 | -31.9389 | 10.5445 | 0.8822 | -22.7299 | 9.9621 | -1.2139 |
| A3×B1 | 2.2035 | 9.3065 | -35.2263 | 2.0024 | -13.3368 | -17.2344 | 52.4312 | 21.1846 |
| A3×B2 | -5.8759 | 17.6459 | -9.2155 | -12.4052 | 0.9860 | -19.9658 | -4.3606 | -6.2667 |
| A3×B3 | -14.3224 | -22.0604 | 39.0668 | 17.4177 | 5.0337 | 29.8020 | -17.7817 | 8.1079 |
| A3×B4 | 28.5714 | 12.5805 | -20.6201 | 24.7395 | 9.7042 | 10.7319 | -23.8220 | -18.5056 |
| A3×B5 | -10.8704 | 28.7890 | -15.9928 | -18.7981 | -7.4209 | -2.0060 | -3.5374 | -5.1764 |
| A3×B6 | 0.2938 | -46.2615 | 41.9880 | -12.9563 | 5.0337 | -1.3277 | -2.9296 | 0.6562 |
| A4×B1 | 5.7535 | -15.8783 | 10.2672 | -6.1199 | -27.6077 | -13.6662 | 6.3056 | -8.1830 |
| A4×B2 | -15.5466 | 28.8128 | -25.7693 | 0.0210 | 10.0675 | -1.3788 | 11.3959 | 29.5852 |
| A4×B3 | 36.6018 | 3.7183 | -1.9085 | 1.2649 | 26.5698 | 23.0913 | -9.1201 | 6.3310 |
| A4×B4 | -26.2700 | -36.3872 | 23.0038 | -12.8277 | -4.5667 | -22.1145 | 16.9933 | -3.7285 |
| A4×B5 | 0.7590 | 6.2178 | 2.8589 | 10.7912 | -1.4530 | -3.0208 | -9.6696 | -14.9290 |
| A4×B6 | -1.2976 | 13.5166 | -8.4521 | 6.8705 | -3.0099 | 17.0890 | -15.9051 | -9.0757 |
| A5×B1 | -2.6319 | 3.4459 | -6.9876 | -2.1178 | -8.4069 | -6.8333 | -5.2375 | -11.3810 |
| A5×B2 | 27.4819 | -22.5942 | 18.2052 | 4.1018 | -6.5387 | 4.8780 | -6.7692 | -14.4266 |
| A5×B3 | -9.6095 | 13.8952 | -9.9322 | 0.7007 | 11.5205 | 3.3564 | -14.9974 | -8.5499 |
| A5×B4 | -18.4968 | 8.2642 | -19.9579 | -2.9996 | -8.7182 | -10.7380 | 31.3342 | 25.9262 |
| A5×B5 | 1.1874 | -3.7056 | 21.2433 | 4.3223 | 14.6341 | 31.1263 | -18.2741 | 14.1772 |
| A5×B6 | 2.0688 | 0.6946 | -2.5707 | -4.0073 | -2.4909 | -21.7893 | 13.9440 | -5.7459 |
表7 配合力基因型方差及各性状的遗传力Tab. 7 Genotypic variance of combining ability and heritability of each character |
| 性状 Traits | P1一般配合力方差基因型方差 P1 genotype variance of GCA | P2一般配合力方差基因型方差 P2 genotype variance of GCA | P1×P2特殊配合力基因型方差 P1×P2 genotype variance of SCA | 环境方差Environmental variance | 一般配合力 方差 Variance of GCA/% | 特殊配合力 方差 Variance of SCA/% | 广义遗传力 hB2 broad- sense heritability/% | 狭义遗传力 hN2 narrow- sense heritability/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 始花节位 | 0.3788 | 0.0000 | 2.3430 | 0.0173 | 13.92 | 86.08 | 99.37 | 13.83 |
| 果长 | 1.7812 | 0.0000 | 12.5264 | 0.0623 | 12.45 | 87.55 | 99.57 | 12.40 |
| 果宽 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.5642 | 0.0085 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 98.51 | 0.00 |
| 果柄长 | 0.2557 | 0.0187 | 0.2784 | 0.0111 | 49.63 | 50.37 | 98.03 | 48.66 |
| 果肉厚 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0016 | 0.0001 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 96.98 | 0.00 |
| 单果重 | 5.6012 | 0.0000 | 45.9454 | 1.0060 | 10.87 | 89.13 | 98.09 | 10.66 |
| 结果数 | 21.5357 | 0.0000 | 60.0221 | 2.9764 | 26.41 | 73.59 | 96.48 | 25.48 |
| 单株产量 | 780.4193 | 0.0000 | 14329.4487 | 2426.9550 | 5.16 | 94.84 | 86.16 | 4.45 |
2.4 遗传距离与配合力、杂种优势的相关性
表8 辣椒各性状的遗传距离与配合力、杂种优势的相关性Tab. 8 Correlation between genetic distance, coordination and heterosis of different characters in pepper |
| 性状 Traits | 杂种优势Heterosis | 遗传距离 Genetic distance | 杂种优势 Heterosis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 遗传距离 Genetic distance | 一般 配合力 GCA | 特殊 配合力SCA | 一般 配合力 GCA | 特殊 配合力 SCA | |
| 始花节位 | 0.081 | 0.171 | 0.011 | -0.430 | 0.006 |
| 果长 | -0.182 | -0.287 | 0.090 | 0.765** | 0.003 |
| 果宽 | -0.228 | 0.244 | -0.068 | 0.349 | 0.042 |
| 果柄长 | 0.125 | 0.073 | 0.133 | 0.146 | 0.098 |
| 果肉厚 | 0.287 | -0.111 | 0.096 | 0.290 | 0.236 |
| 单果重 | 0.258 | -0.080 | 0.073 | 0.554 | -0.080 |
| 结果数 | 0.003 | 0.102 | -0.035 | 0.120 | 0.349 |
| 单株产量 | 0.183 | 0.214 | 0.082 | 0.289 | 0.034 |
Note: ** indicate extremly significant correlation at 0.01 level. | |
注: ** 表示在0.01水平极显著相关。 |
