1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 甘蔗亲本的性状特征、花粉特性及开花特点Tab. 1 Characteristics of traits, pollen and blooming for 25 sugarcane parents |
| 亲本 Parent | 性状特征 Characteristics of traits | 花粉量及平均染色率 Quantity and average dyeing rate of pollen | 开花特点 Characteristics of blooming |
|---|---|---|---|
| 桂糖11号 | 抗旱,耐瘠,早熟,高产高糖,萌芽率高,分蘖力强。 | 230 | 先抽后开 |
| 桂糖19号 | 早熟,高糖,抗螟、抗蚜能力较强,对嵌纹病免疫,抗倒、抗旱、耐寒力较强。 | 260 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖20号 | 萌芽势、萌芽率、分蘖率、宿根亩发株数中等,成茎率较高,抗倒性较强。 | 254 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖21号 | 宿根发株中等,抗寒抗旱性强、高抗嵌纹病和梢腐病、中抗黑穗病。 | 244 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖24号 | 宿根性强,抗旱性强、高抗嵌纹病和梢腐病、中抗黑穗病。 | 116 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖26号 | 宿根性好,中感黑穗病,高抗花叶病。 | 256 | 先抽后开 |
| 桂糖28号 | 极易脱叶,自然条件下高抗黑穗病。 | 269 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖29号 | 早熟高糖、丰产、宿根性特强、抗寒性好、高抗黑穗病。 | 247 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖32号 | 早生快发,高产高糖,宿根性好,抗寒、抗旱性好,抗黑穗病。 | 228 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖34号 | 丰产,中熟高糖,宿根性强,耐寒性较强,抗梢腐病和花叶病,适应性广。 | 212 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖35号 | 特高糖、早熟、高产、宿根性好、易脱叶。 | 234 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖36号 | 特早熟、特高糖、高产、宿根性好、极易脱叶或自动脱叶。 | 127 | 先抽后开 |
| 桂糖37号 | 早熟,高产高糖,宿根性好,抗旱抗倒。 | 242 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖38号 | 早熟,高产高糖,宿根性好,抗病性较强。 | 238 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖39号 | 早熟,高产高糖、宿根性好,抗倒能力较强,适于机械化田间管理和收获。 | 248 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖40号 | 早熟、高产高糖、宿根性好、高抗黑穗病、抗寒性强。 | 253 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖41号 | 分蘖力强、成茎率高、宿根性强、适应性广。 | 259 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖42号 | 早熟、高产高糖、宿根性好、易脱叶、抗倒性特强。 | 257 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖43号 | 萌芽好、分蘖力强、成茎率高、有效茎数多、早熟、丰产、宿根性好。 | 126 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖44号 | 丰产早熟高糖,宿根性好,适应性广,发芽出苗好,分蘖率高,有效茎多,抗病、抗倒、抗寒能力较强。 | 256 | 先抽后开 |
| 桂糖45号 | 早熟、高产高糖、宿根蔗发株早,分蘖力强,有效茎数多。 | 106 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖46号 | 早熟、稳产、高糖、宿根性好、直立、整齐、均匀。 | 260 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖47号 | 早熟、高产、高糖、中茎、出苗率高、宿根发株多、分蘖力强、有效茎数多。 | 255 | 边抽边开 |
| 桂糖48号 | 早熟、高产高糖、宿根性好。 | 212 | 先抽后开 |
| 桂糖50号 | 早熟、高产高糖、宿根性好。 | 228 | 边抽边开 |
Note: Quantity and dyeing rate of pollen were represented by three-digit numerical combination, with hundreds representing pollen quantity, 1 representing a few and 2 representing a lot. Tens and single-digit represent dyeing rate in percentage form. | |
注：用3位数数值组合来表示花粉量和染色率,百位数代表花粉量,1表示少,2表示多;十位和个位数以百分数形式表示染色率。 |
1.2 性状调查与数据分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 甘蔗亲本始花期遗传分析
图1 25个甘蔗亲本7个杂交季节的始花期统计箱形图“〇”代表温和异常值;上、下边缘线代表除了异常值以外的最大值、最小值;箱体的上、下线分别代表上、下四分位数,即箱体范围值包含了50%的数据集中的范围;黑色粗线代表中位数。 Fig. 1 Statistical box diagram of initial flowering time for 25 sugarcane parents in 7 crossing seasons “〇” represents mild outliers; the upper and lower edge lines represent the maximum and minimum values respectively except the outliers; the upper and lower lines of the box represent the upper and lower quartile respectively, which including the range of 50% of the data set; the bold black line represents the median. |
图2 甘蔗亲本始花期的7个杂交季节间统计箱形图“〇”代表温和异常值;上、下边缘线代表除了异常值以外的最大值、最小值;箱体的上、下线分别代表上、下四分位数,即箱体范围值包含了50%的数据集中的范围;黑色粗线代表中位数。 Fig. 2 Statistical box diagram of initial flowering time in 7 crossing seasons for sugarcane parents “〇” represents mild outliers; the upper and lower edge lines represent the maximum and minimum values respectively except the outliers; the upper and lower lines of the box represent the upper and lower quartile respectively, which including the range of 50% of the data set; the bold black line represents the median. |
2.2 甘蔗亲本抽穗率遗传分析
图3 25个甘蔗亲本7个杂交季节的抽穗率统计箱形图“〇”代表温和异常值;上、下边缘线代表除了异常值以外的最大值、最小值;箱体的上、下线分别代表上、下四分位数,即箱体范围值包含了50%的数据集中的范围;黑色粗线代表中位数。 Fig. 3 Statistical box diagram of heading rate for 25 sugarcane parents in 7 crossing seasons “〇” represents mild outliers; the upper and lower edge lines represent the maximum and minimum values respectively except the outliers; the upper and lower lines of the box represent the upper and lower quartile respectively, which including the range of 50% of the data set; the bold black line represents the median. |
图4 甘蔗亲本抽穗率的7个杂交季节间统计箱形图“〇”代表温和异常值;上、下边缘线代表除了异常值以外的最大值、最小值;箱体的上、下线分别代表上、下四分位数,即箱体范围值包含了50%的数据集中的范围;黑色粗线代表中位数。 Fig. 4 Statistical box diagram of heading rate in 7 crossing seasons for sugarcane parents “〇” represents mild outliers; the upper and lower edge lines represent the maximum and minimum values respectively except the outliers; the upper and lower lines of the box represent the upper and lower quartile respectively, which including the range of 50% of the data set; the bold black line represents the median. |
2.3 甘蔗亲本花粉染色率遗传分析及开花特点
图5 25个甘蔗亲本7个杂交季节的染色率统计箱形图“〇”代表温和异常值;上、下边缘线代表除了异常值以外的最大值、最小值;箱体的上、下线分别代表上、下四分位数,即箱体范围值包含了50%的数据集中的范围;黑色粗线代表中位数。 Fig. 5 Statistical box diagram of pollen dyeing rate for 25 sugarcane parents in 7 crossing seasons “〇” represents mild outliers; the upper and lower edge lines represent the maximum and minimum values respectively except the outliers; the upper and lower lines of the box represent the upper and lower quartile respectively, which including the range of 50% of the data set; the bold black line represents the median. |
图6 甘蔗亲本染色率的7个杂交季节间统计箱形图“〇”代表温和异常值;上、下边缘线代表除了异常值以外的最大值、最小值;箱体的上、下线分别代表上、下四分位数,即箱体范围值包含了50%的数据集中的范围;黑色粗线代表中位数。 Fig. 6 Statistical box diagram of pollen dyeing rate in 7 crossing seasons for sugarcane parents “〇” represents mild outliers; the upper and lower edge lines represent the maximum and minimum values respectively except the outliers; the upper and lower lines of the box represent the upper and lower quartile respectively, which including the range of 50% of the data set; the bold black line represents the median. |
