1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.2 方法
表1 稻田和旱地的土壤基本理化性质(2012年)Tab. 1 Soil basic properties in two agricultural soils (2012) |
| 农田类型 Cropland type | 有机质 Soil organic matter/(g·kg-1) | pH | 全氮 Total nitrogen/(g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus/(g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total potassium/(g·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 稻田 | 34.73 | 5.06 | 2.22 | 0.66 | 11.76 |
| 旱地 | 19.56 | 4.48 | 1.21 | 0.80 | 14.83 |
1.3 数据处理
2 结果与分析
2.1 红壤稻田和旱地土壤理化性状
表2 稻田和旱地不同季节土壤含水量、温度、铵态氮、硝态氮和土壤DOC含量Tab. 2 Soil moisture, temperature, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and DOC content in paddy fields and dryland of different seasons |
| 农田类型 Cropland type | 采样时期 Sampling period | 含水量 Soil moisture/% | 土壤温度 Soil temperature/℃ | 铵态氮 Ammonium N/(mg·kg-1) | 硝态氮 Nitrate N/(mg·kg-1) | DOC /(mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 稻田 | F | 58.88(3.10)a | 29.58(1.99)a | 28.26(3.60)a | — | 157.3(9.68)d |
| D | 33.55(2.71)c | 19.17(0.26)b | 3.47(0.87)c | — | 185.1(9.90)c | |
| S | 37.68(2.53)b | 19.00(0.32)b | 12.31(1.92)b | — | 215.5(15.50)b | |
| W | 36.28(2.29)bc | 6.17(0.92)c | 3.27(1.92)c | — | 239.0(8.57)a | |
| 旱地 | F | 19.94(0.57)a | 33.17(1.26)a | 1.20(0.10)b | 4.94(1.31)b | 203.7(13.44)ab |
| D | 22.46(6.95)a | 18.80(0.24)b | 3.60(0.81)b | 32.65(31.47)a | 214.7(30.58)ab | |
| S | 20.60(0.76)a | 21.03(3.27)b | 5.88(3.03)b | 1.70(0.85)b | 185.4(33.84)b | |
| W | 21.70(1.41)a | 4.98(1.69)c | 13.46(5.18)a | 9.39(6.19)b | 222.6(14.21)a |
Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicated significant difference at 5%. F: summer; D: autumn; S: spring; W: winter. The value in brackets was standard deviation. — indicated the value was lower than detection limit. | |
注:同列不同小写字母表示在5%水平差异显著。F:夏季;D:秋季;S:春季;W:冬季。括号中的数字为标准偏差,—表示低于检出限。 |
2.2 红壤稻田和旱地土壤细菌群落结构
图1 稻田和旱地不同季节土壤细菌群落结构T-RFLP图谱(A:稻田;B:旱地)和PCA分析(C:稻田;D:旱地)F:夏季;D:秋季;W:冬季;S:春季。 Fig. 1 Bacterial community structure based on T-RFLP (A: paddy field; B: dryland) and PCA analysis (C: paddy field; D: dryland) in paddy fields and dryland of different seasons F: summer; D: autumn; W: winter; S: spring. |
2.3 红壤稻田和旱地土壤细菌丰度和多样性指数
图2 稻田和旱地不同季节土壤细菌丰度(A:稻田;B:旱地)和多样性指数(C:稻田;D:旱地)不同小写字母表示在5%水平差异显著。F:夏季;D:秋季;W:冬季;S:春季。 Fig. 2 Bacterial abundance (A: paddy field; B: dryland) and diversity (C: paddy field; D: dryland) in paddy fields and dryland of different seasons Different lowercase letters indicated significant difference at 5%. F: summer; D: autumn; W: winter; S: spring. |
2.4 土壤细菌群落结构、丰度及多样性与土壤理化性质的关系
表3 土壤细菌丰度、多样性指数及群落结构与土壤理化性质的关系Tab. 3 Relationships between soil bacterial abundance, diversity, community structure and soil physicochemical properties |
| 指标 Items | 农田类型 Cropland type | 相关性 Correlation | 土壤含水量 Soil moisture | 土壤温度 Soil temperature | 土壤铵态氮 Ammonium N | 土壤硝态氮 Nitrate N | DOC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 细菌丰度 | 稻田 | R | -0.32 | -0.18 | -0.37 | — | 0.15 |
| ρ | 0.13 | 0.41 | 0.08 | — | 0.48 | ||
| 旱地 | R | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.16 | -0.20 | -0.37 | |
| ρ | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.48 | 0.39 | 0.10 | ||
| 细菌多样性指数 | 稻田 | R | -0.58 | -0.44 | -0.61 | — | 0.26 |
| ρ | 0.00* | 0.03* | 0.00* | — | 0.22 | ||
| 旱地 | R | 0.25 | 0.18 | -0.20 | 0.34 | 0.22 | |
| ρ | 0.28 | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.13 | 0.35 | ||
| 细菌群落结构 | 稻田 | R | 14.12 | 10.13 | 14.69 | — | 6.18 |
| ρ | 0.00* | 0.00* | 0.00* | — | 0.01* | ||
| 旱地 | R | 0.88 | 0.69 | 0.60 | 1.54 | 3.43 | |
| ρ | 0.42 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.14 | 0.02* |
Note: Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between soil bacterial abundance and soil properties, and Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the relationship between community structure and soil properties. Number of samples: paddy field n=24; dryland n=21. * indicated the correlation reached 5% significance level. | |
注:细菌丰度和多样性与土壤性质的关系采用Pearson相关分析,细菌群落结构与土壤性质的关系采用蒙特卡洛检验;样本数:稻田n=24;旱地n=21。*表示相关性达到5%的显著水平。 |
