Effect of Different Mulching Methods on Fruit Puffing of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Kinokuni During Delayed Cultivation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.05.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Nanfeng tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Kinokuni) during delayed cultivation in greenhouse was used to investigate the effects of different mulching treatments by combining cover materials and water-retaining agents on the puffing degree of fruit, fruit quality and soil temperature and humidity. In November, mulching treatments increased the content of TSS, TA and vitamin C in fruit, while the combined treatment of reflective film and water-retaining agent significantly improved the content of TSS and TA, 2.30% and 0.27% higher than the control respectively. The puffing degree of the fruits was negatively correlated with Total?Soluble?Solid (TSS), titratable acid (TA) and vitamin C content. In December, the fruits by mulching straw and CK treatments showed lower content of TSS, TA and more puffing. The puffing degree by mulching straw and CK treatments reached 1.67 grade and 1.07 grade respectively, and that for the other treatments was mild, only 0.73 grade. The puffing degree was closely related to fruit weight, TA and vitamin C content. In the following January, the puffing degree was positively correlated with soil humidity with a correlation coefficient 0.879, while TA content was significantly negatively correlated with soil humidity with a correlation coefficient -0.911. The humidity of soil in the combined treatment of reflective film and water-retaining agent was always at the highest level. The TA content decreased rapidly during this period, and the puffing degree showed an accelerated trend. Therefore, it was concluded that higher soil moisture led to more puffing degree, less TSS, TA and vitamin C. It could reduce soil humidity, improve fruit TSS, TA and vitamin C content, delay the occurrence of puffing degree by mulching treatment. Among them, the effect of garden cloth treatment was the best, with the effect of reflective film, carpet and garden cloth+ water-retaining agent followed.

Key words: Nanfeng tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Kinokuni), mulching, fruit puffing, TSS, TA, vitamin C, soil humidity

CLC Number:

S666

ZHENG Xiaohua,WU Di,LI Chunxia,ZHANG Bei,LI Jiangbo,XIONG Bin,WANG Ping. Effect of Different Mulching Methods on Fruit Puffing of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Kinokuni During Delayed Cultivation[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(5): 874-880.

Figures/Tables 5

References 24

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处理 Treatment	浮皮程度Puffing degree/class			单果重Single fruit weight/g			果皮占比Percentage of pericarp/%
处理 Treatment	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20
T1（CK）	0.50±0.40^a	1.67±0.24^a	2.33±0.20^a	32.1±0.9 ^a	40.0±1.8^a	30.8±0.6^a	26.5±1.2^ab	28.7±2.5^b	31.1±1.4^ab
T2	0.00±0.00^b	1.07±0.33^ab	2.00±0.00^a	27.7±0.6^c	27.5±1.4^cd	26.2±0.6^c	24.7±1.7^bc	26.0±2.3^c	29.1±0.9^bc
T3	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.55±0.04^b	32.5±2.1^a	28.8±0.3^bc	30.4±0.9^ab	23.9±1.8^c	26.2±0.6^c	28.5±0.5^c
T4	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.47±0.06^b	29.0±2.3^bc	26.3±1.0^d	28.6±0.9^b	26.9±0.4^a	26.4±1.2^c	29.3±0.3^bc
T5	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.23±0.02^c	26.3±1.2^c	29.9±1.5^bc	29.1±1.4^ab	23.3±2.8^c	28.0±1.2^b	28.3±1.5^c
T6	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	2.17±0.85^a	28.2±1.3^bc	28.2±0.8^cd	25.1±1.1^c	22.9±1.2^c	27.9±2.7^b	29.3±0.9^bc
T7	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.55±0.04^b	30.8±0.3^ab	31.0±0.5^b	31.2±1.1^a	25.7±1.2^ab	30.0±1.3^a	31.5±0.4^a

处理 Treatment	浮皮程度Puffing degree/class			单果重Single fruit weight/g			果皮占比Percentage of pericarp/%
处理 Treatment	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20
T1（CK）	0.50±0.40^a	1.67±0.24^a	2.33±0.20^a	32.1±0.9 ^a	40.0±1.8^a	30.8±0.6^a	26.5±1.2^ab	28.7±2.5^b	31.1±1.4^ab
T2	0.00±0.00^b	1.07±0.33^ab	2.00±0.00^a	27.7±0.6^c	27.5±1.4^cd	26.2±0.6^c	24.7±1.7^bc	26.0±2.3^c	29.1±0.9^bc
T3	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.55±0.04^b	32.5±2.1^a	28.8±0.3^bc	30.4±0.9^ab	23.9±1.8^c	26.2±0.6^c	28.5±0.5^c
T4	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.47±0.06^b	29.0±2.3^bc	26.3±1.0^d	28.6±0.9^b	26.9±0.4^a	26.4±1.2^c	29.3±0.3^bc
T5	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.23±0.02^c	26.3±1.2^c	29.9±1.5^bc	29.1±1.4^ab	23.3±2.8^c	28.0±1.2^b	28.3±1.5^c
T6	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	2.17±0.85^a	28.2±1.3^bc	28.2±0.8^cd	25.1±1.1^c	22.9±1.2^c	27.9±2.7^b	29.3±0.9^bc
T7	0.00±0.00^b	0.73±0.38^b	1.55±0.04^b	30.8±0.3^ab	31.0±0.5^b	31.2±1.1^a	25.7±1.2^ab	30.0±1.3^a	31.5±0.4^a

处理 Treatment	TSS/%			TA/%			维生素C Vitamin C/(mg·100 g^-1)
处理 Treatment	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20
T1（CK）	12.0±0.0^c	14.9±0.1^ab	15.1±0.1^bc	0.48±0.00^c	0.40±0.03^c	0.43±0.06^bc	19.6±0.0^c	24.2±1.0^c	23.8±1.3^c
T2	13.6±0.5^ab	14.8±0.0^ab	16.3±0.1^ab	0.53±0.04^c	0.42±0.10b^c	0.41±0.03^c	25.6±1.7^b	27.9±0.4^abc	26.9±1.5^b
T3	14.0±0.4^ab	15.1±0.1^ab	15.2±0.1^bc	0.73±0.03^b	0.60±0.04^a	0.48±0.04^abc	27.1±0.5^ab	26.9±0.9^bc	26.4±1.0^bc
T4	14.0±0.0^ab	15.0±0.8^ab	16.5±0.6^ab	0.73±0.04^b	0.51±0.06^abc	0.53±0.03^ab	27.3±2.5^ab	30.0±3.3^ab	30.9±1.4^a
T5	13.7±0.4^ab	14.9±0.1^ab	17.0±0.0^a	0.77±0.03^ab	0.63±0.07^a	0.58±0.08^a	29.6±0.6^a	29.8±0.5^ab	31.7±2.2^a
T6	14.4±0.7^a	15.4±0.1^a	15.2±0.9^bc	0.75±0.02^ab	0.63±0.07^a	0.45±0.06^bc	26.7±3.6^ab	28.1±2.6^ab	25.9±0.7^bc
T7	13.3±0.2^b	14.3±0.5^b	15.0±0.1^bc	0.83±0.07^a	0.55±0.04^ab	0.51±0.07^abc	24.7±0.8^b	30.9±2.1^a	26.2±0.8^bc

处理 Treatment	TSS/%			TA/%			维生素C Vitamin C/(mg·100 g^-1)
处理 Treatment	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20	11—30	12—28	1—20
T1（CK）	12.0±0.0^c	14.9±0.1^ab	15.1±0.1^bc	0.48±0.00^c	0.40±0.03^c	0.43±0.06^bc	19.6±0.0^c	24.2±1.0^c	23.8±1.3^c
T2	13.6±0.5^ab	14.8±0.0^ab	16.3±0.1^ab	0.53±0.04^c	0.42±0.10b^c	0.41±0.03^c	25.6±1.7^b	27.9±0.4^abc	26.9±1.5^b
T3	14.0±0.4^ab	15.1±0.1^ab	15.2±0.1^bc	0.73±0.03^b	0.60±0.04^a	0.48±0.04^abc	27.1±0.5^ab	26.9±0.9^bc	26.4±1.0^bc
T4	14.0±0.0^ab	15.0±0.8^ab	16.5±0.6^ab	0.73±0.04^b	0.51±0.06^abc	0.53±0.03^ab	27.3±2.5^ab	30.0±3.3^ab	30.9±1.4^a
T5	13.7±0.4^ab	14.9±0.1^ab	17.0±0.0^a	0.77±0.03^ab	0.63±0.07^a	0.58±0.08^a	29.6±0.6^a	29.8±0.5^ab	31.7±2.2^a
T6	14.4±0.7^a	15.4±0.1^a	15.2±0.9^bc	0.75±0.02^ab	0.63±0.07^a	0.45±0.06^bc	26.7±3.6^ab	28.1±2.6^ab	25.9±0.7^bc
T7	13.3±0.2^b	14.3±0.5^b	15.0±0.1^bc	0.83±0.07^a	0.55±0.04^ab	0.51±0.07^abc	24.7±0.8^b	30.9±2.1^a	26.2±0.8^bc

处理 Treatment	月均温度Monthly mean temperature/℃			月均湿度Monthly average humidity/%
处理 Treatment	11月	12月	翌年1月	11月	12月	翌年1月
T1（CK）	15.92±0.23^abc	10.69±0.14^a	9.40±0.25^ab	13.85±0.17^c	13.28±0.14^c	13.15±0.07^c
T2	16.37±0.22^ab	10.90±0.11^a	9.33±0.42^ab	14.66±0.10^b	14.08±0.10^b	14.00±0.04^b
T3	15.38±0.24^c	9.89±0.21^b	8.61±0.42^b	13.08±0.13^d	12.58±0.13^d	12.45±0.08^d
T4	15.53±0.23^bc	10.07±0.16^b	8.81±0.43^ab	12.78±0.21^e	12.19±0.13^e	12.07±0.09^e
T5	15.76±0.48^bc	10.59±0.17^a	9.63±0.43^a	11.60±0.10^f	11.16±0.14^f	10.97±0.09^f
T6	16.66±0.19^a	10.62±0.19^a	9.22±0.43^ab	14.91±0.09^a	14.42±0.11^a	14.34±0.08^a
T7	16.67±0.21^a	10.77±0.06^a	9.58±0.27^a	13.18±0.16^d	12.51±0.18^d	12.38±0.05^d