Analysis on Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Different Sugarcane Varieties

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.04.025

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to provide scientific support for the selection of sugarcane production and the maintenance of sugarcane soil productivity, the differences in nitrogen uptake efficiency of eight sugarcane varieties and the effects of different varieties on the enzyme activities and microbial community diversity in the rhizosphere soil were compared through the barrel cultivation experiment. Sugarcane plants and rhizosphere soils were collected at the end of large growth stage of sugarcane, and nitrogen utilization efficiency, invertase and urease activities in the rhizosphere soil of different sugarcane varieties were measured and compared. Meanwhile, the bacterial community structure of the sugarcane rhizosphere soil was determined and analyzed by the Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology. The nitrogen uptake efficiency of different sugarcane varieties was different. The average nitrogen uptake efficiency of the eight varieties was 17.95%-27.57%, and the nitrogen use efficiency was 22.15%-34.02%. The highest nitrogen uptake efficiency was for GT44, and the lowest was for B9. The invertase activity of the rhizosphere soil was 3.51-6.56 mg/(g·d), and there were significant differences among different cultivars. But the urease activity was 1.12-1.42 mg/(g·d), and there was few differences among different varieties. GT48 and ROC22 were the two varieties with higher soil enzyme activity in the rhizosphere. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that there were some differences in the bacterial population structure in the rhizosphere soil of the eight sugarcane varieties, but there was no significant difference among different varieties in the composition of the dominant bacteria, and the main difference was in the abundance of the dominant genera. Bacillus was the dominant genus for GT44 and Y93159, while Chryseolinea was the dominant genus for the other six varieties. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the nitrogen absorption efficiency of sugarcane, the content of available N and pH value of soil had the greatest effect on the soil microbial community structure. Correlation analysis showed that the nitrogen absorption efficiency of sugarcane and soil physiochemical characteristics were significantly correlated with different dominant microbial communities. This study would deepen the understanding of the microbial community in the sugarcane rhizosphere and provide references for the relation between the microbial composition and diversity with environmental factors.

Key words: sugarcane, rhizosphere soil, soil enzyme activity, microbial community diversity

CLC Number:

S154

NONG Zemei,SHI Guoying,ZENG Quan,YE Xuelian,QIN Huadong,HU Chunjin. Analysis on Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Different Sugarcane Varieties[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(4): 819-828.

Figures/Tables 11

References 28

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品种 Varieties	平均每桶甘蔗植株N素累积量 Average N accumulation per barrel of sugarcane plants/g				甘蔗氮吸收效率 Nitrogen absorption efficiency of sugarcane/%	氮肥利用率 Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency/%
品种 Varieties	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf	合计Total	甘蔗氮吸收效率 Nitrogen absorption efficiency of sugarcane/%	氮肥利用率 Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency/%
ROC22	0.24	2.40	3.03	5.67	23.61±0.02^ab	29.14±0.02^ab
Y93159	0.16	1.47	3.44	5.07	21.12±0.03^ab	26.05±0.03^ab
B8	0.32	1.60	3.22	5.14	21.37±0.03^ab	26.41±0.04^ab
B9	0.24	1.12	2.95	4.31	17.95±0.02^b	22.15±0.03^b
GT42	0.27	1.74	4.07	6.08	25.32±0.08^ab	31.24±0.10^ab
GT44	0.27	2.09	4.26	6.62	27.57±0.02^a	34.02±0.02^a
GT46	0.14	1.36	3.21	4.71	19.62±0.06^ab	24.2±0.07^ab
GT48	0.12	1.35	3.32	4.79	19.93±0.01^ab	24.61±0.01^ab

品种 Varieties	平均每桶甘蔗植株N素累积量 Average N accumulation per barrel of sugarcane plants/g				甘蔗氮吸收效率 Nitrogen absorption efficiency of sugarcane/%	氮肥利用率 Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency/%
品种 Varieties	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf	合计Total	甘蔗氮吸收效率 Nitrogen absorption efficiency of sugarcane/%	氮肥利用率 Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency/%
ROC22	0.24	2.40	3.03	5.67	23.61±0.02^ab	29.14±0.02^ab
Y93159	0.16	1.47	3.44	5.07	21.12±0.03^ab	26.05±0.03^ab
B8	0.32	1.60	3.22	5.14	21.37±0.03^ab	26.41±0.04^ab
B9	0.24	1.12	2.95	4.31	17.95±0.02^b	22.15±0.03^b
GT42	0.27	1.74	4.07	6.08	25.32±0.08^ab	31.24±0.10^ab
GT44	0.27	2.09	4.26	6.62	27.57±0.02^a	34.02±0.02^a
GT46	0.14	1.36	3.21	4.71	19.62±0.06^ab	24.2±0.07^ab
GT48	0.12	1.35	3.32	4.79	19.93±0.01^ab	24.61±0.01^ab

品种 Varieties	甘蔗收获后平均每桶土壤N含量 Average soil N content per barrel after harvesting of sugarcane		pH
品种 Varieties	土壤总N含量 Total N content of soil/(g·kg^-1)	碱解N含量 The contents of available N/ (mg·kg^-1)	pH
CK (种植前土壤)	-	228.20±0.00^a	6.89±0.05^c
ROC22	2.30±0.12^b	153.92±5.73^c	7.54±0.03^b
Y93159	2.45±0.26^ab	167.62±18.67^bc	7.53±0.05^b
B8	2.87±0.43^a	195.40±9.62^ab	7.69±0.05^a
B9	2.52±0.19^ab	181.27±13.93^abc	7.65±0.05^ab
GT42	2.30±0.04^b	195.10±17.11^ab	7.71±0.03^a
GT44	2.26±0.07^b	153.22±26.59^c	7.53±0.07^b
GT46	2.27±0.01^b	189.87±20.01^abc	7.62±0.02^ab
GT48	2.23±0.02^b	179.06±13.79^bc	7.59±0.05^ab

品种 Varieties	甘蔗收获后平均每桶土壤N含量 Average soil N content per barrel after harvesting of sugarcane		pH
品种 Varieties	土壤总N含量 Total N content of soil/(g·kg^-1)	碱解N含量 The contents of available N/ (mg·kg^-1)	pH
CK (种植前土壤)	-	228.20±0.00^a	6.89±0.05^c
ROC22	2.30±0.12^b	153.92±5.73^c	7.54±0.03^b
Y93159	2.45±0.26^ab	167.62±18.67^bc	7.53±0.05^b
B8	2.87±0.43^a	195.40±9.62^ab	7.69±0.05^a
B9	2.52±0.19^ab	181.27±13.93^abc	7.65±0.05^ab
GT42	2.30±0.04^b	195.10±17.11^ab	7.71±0.03^a
GT44	2.26±0.07^b	153.22±26.59^c	7.53±0.07^b
GT46	2.27±0.01^b	189.87±20.01^abc	7.62±0.02^ab
GT48	2.23±0.02^b	179.06±13.79^bc	7.59±0.05^ab

品种 Varieties	蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity/ (mg·g^-1·d^-1)	脲酶活性 Urease activity/ (mg·g^-1·d^-1)
ROC22	5.80±0.70^a	1.42±0.14^a
Y93159	3.51±0.18^d	1.19±0.03^bc
B8	5.55±0.16^ab	1.25±0.03^abc
B9	5.48±0.12^ab	1.29±0.02^abc
GT42	4.43±0.49^bcd	1.12±0.06^c
GT44	4.89±0.37^abc	1.23±0.04^bc
GT46	3.73±0.39^cd	1.25±0.02^abc
GT48	6.06±0.71^a	1.32±0.04^ab