Intercropping with Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Improved Root Growth of Areca catechu L. and Soil Enzyme Activities

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.11.010

Abstract

Abstract:

The root growth of Areca catechu L. (arecanut) and Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (pandan) with the soil enzyme activities was studied in the monoculture and intercropping systems with pot experiments. The results showed that the accumulation of arecanut dry matter was promoted in the intercropping system, the dry matter distributed to the root increased, and the dry matter in underground significantly increased over the arecanut monoculture. The dry matter accumulation of pandan was no significantly different between intercropping and pandan monoculture. SPAD reading of arecanut leaves significantly increased after intercropping, however, there was no significant difference for pandan. The total root length, total root surface area and root number of arecanut significantly increased in the intercropping system, which increased by 78.64%, 50.96% and 81.22%, respectively, compared with the arecanut monoculture. The effect of intercropping on the arecanut root growth was greater than that of pandan. The activity of acid phosphatase, catalase and peroxidase in the intercropping soil was significantly higher than that in the arecanut monoculture. The activity of urease was not significantly different between intercropping and arecanut monoculture, however, that in the intercropping system was significantly lower than that in pandan monoculture. The activity of soil peroxidase was positively correlated with root number and root volume. There is less competition between the roots of arecanut and the pandan. Compared with arecanut monoculture, the arecanut and pandan intercropping system can promote arecanut root growth, increase soil enzyme activity.

Key words: Areca catechu L., Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb., intercropping, root growth, soil enzyme activities

CLC Number:

YU Huan,TANG Jinxuan,LI Qiansong,QIN Xiaowei,ZONG Ying,HAO Chaoyun,BAI Tingyu. Intercropping with Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Improved Root Growth of Areca catechu L. and Soil Enzyme Activities[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(11): 2219-2225.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Plant height of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping The same lowercase letters indicate no significant difference between monoculture and intercropping (P?0.05).

Tab. 1 Dry matter of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping

作物 Crop	处理 Treatment	地上部干物质质量 Aboveground dry matter/g	地下部干物质质量 Underground dry matter/g	总干物质质量 Total dry matter/g	根冠比 The ratio of root shoot/%
槟榔	单作	10.31±1.90^a	1.81±0.20^b	12.15±2.10^a	18.01±1.60^a
	间作	11.06±2.10^a	2.35±0.20^a	13.41±2.20^a	21.60±3.20^a
	间作比单作增加/%	7.25±0.95	30.33±10.04^*	6.84	25.55
香露兜	单作	25.78±3.10^a	5.10±0.80^a	30.88±3.70^a	19.80±2.00^a
	间作	29.65±5.70^a	6.12±0.20^a	35.77±5.80^a	21.10±3.60^a
	间作比单作增加/%	14.43±9.11	21.74±19.18	15.45	7.75

Fig. 2 SPAD reading of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between monoculture and intercropping (P <0.05).

Fig. 3 The total root length of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between monoculture and intercropping (P <0.05).

Fig. 4 Total surface area of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between monoculture and intercropping (P <0.05).

Fig. 5 Root number of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between monoculture and intercropping (P <0.05).

Fig. 6 Root volume of arecanut and pandan in monoculture and intercropping Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between monoculture and intercropping (P <0.05).

Tab. 2 Soil enzyme activity in monoculture and intercropping

处理 Treatment	脲酶活性 Urease activity /(IU?L^-1)	酸性磷酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity /(μIU?L^-1)	过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity /(IU?L^-1)	过氧化物酶活性 Peroxidase activity /(mU?L^-1)	多酚氧化酶活性 Polyphenol oxidase activity/(IU?L^-1)
槟榔单作	886.21±12.43^b	10.47±0.15^b	42.90±0.95^b	89.05±3.39^b	55.25±1.39^a
槟榔间作	894.48±50.17^b	10.91±0.14^a	45.69±1.24^a	99.30±3.56^a	56.20±2.35^a
香露兜单作	1035.69±35.13^a	10.72±0.07^ab	45.46±0.42^a	103.41±1.84^a	55.47±1.15^a

Fig. 7 Correlation between soil enzyme activity and root morphological indices * indicates significant difference at the 0.05 level; ** indicates significant difference at the 0.01 level; *** indicates significant difference at the 0.001 level.

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