Research of Vegetation Diversity Difference Between Eucalyptus Plantation and Natural Forests and Other Stands in Different Rainfall Areas of Hainan Province, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.05.019

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different rainfall and stand types in the same area on vegetation diversity, three regions with large annual rainfall differences in Hainan were selected to conduct vegetation diversity control experiments with different stand types. The results showed that 61 species, 58 genera, 45 families were present in the natural forests, 39 species, 37 genera, 26 families were present in the Eucalyptus plantations, and the vegetation diversity of Mangifera indica plantations, Acacia mangium plantations and Hevea brasiliensis plantations was relatively low due to frequent artificial management. The effects of rainfall on species diversity index of natural forest were significant (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in Eucalyptus plantation (P>0.05). The species richness index (R) of natural forest and Eucalyptus plantation increased gradually with the increase of rainfall. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson diversity index (D) and Pielou evenness index (J_sw) of tree layer and shrub layer of natural forest decreased with the increase of rainfall, while the herbaceous layer did the opposite. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index of shrub layer and herb layer of Eucalyptus plantation increased with the increase of rainfall. The fluctuation of species diversity index was mainly in shrub layer and herb layer of natural forest and Eucalyptus plantation, and the change of tree layer was relatively stable. The rainfall and canopy shaded effect were the important reason for the differences in regional species diversity, compared with natural forest of Eucalyptus plantation tree layer the lack of ecological niche of the vegetation diversity was the main reason for the low and had nothing to do with the tree itself, specific provisions of other economic forest caused by frequent grass fertilizer management was relatively single species diversity. Therefore, the key to improve species diversity of the plantation is to establish a mixed or different-age forest to transform the existing pure forest to promote the release of the niche of the tree layer and change the management mode of other economic stands at the same time.

Key words: natural forest, Eucalyptus forest, rainfall, vegetation diversity

CLC Number:

S718.54

XUE Shiyu, CUI Zhiyi, XU Anwei, XU Daping, YANG Zengjiang, YANG Guangda, XIAO Jiajie, LIU Xiaojin, GUO Junyu. Research of Vegetation Diversity Difference Between Eucalyptus Plantation and Natural Forests and Other Stands in Different Rainfall Areas of Hainan Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023, 44(5): 1039-1051.

Figures/Tables 11

Tab. 1 Species composition of different stands in different rainfall areas from 2014 to 2018

地点 Site	林分 Forest type	2014			2015			2016			2017			2018
地点 Site	林分 Forest type	科 Family	属 genus	种 Species	科 Family	属genus	种 Species	科 Family	属 genus	种 Species	科 Family	属 genus	种 Species	科 Family	属 genus	种 Species
乐东红五	天然林	36	50	56	35	48	55	35	51	58	35	51	58	37	53	58
	桉树林	17	22	23	18	25	26	23	32	33	23	37	38	23	37	38
	芒果林	4	6	6	6	7	7	9	12	12	7	9	9	7	9	9
昌江牙营	天然林	41	52	55	42	54	56	44	56	60	44	57	60	45	58	61
	桉树林	22	31	33	18	25	27	26	39	41	26	39	41	26	35	39
	马占相思林	18	22	24	16	19	20	22	28	29	21	28	30	17	25	27
琼中乌石	天然林	45	56	62	45	56	61	45	58	63	45	58	63	39	52	59
	桉树林	21	35	36	23	37	37	25	42	43	24	38	40	23	32	33
	橡胶林	17	25	26	16	25	26	17	27	28	15	25	26	11	17	17

Fig. 1 Species diversity index of natural forest in different rainfall areas Different lowercase letters in the same index indicate significant difference between sites (P<0.05).

Fig. 2 Species diversity index of Eucalyptus plantation in different rainfall areas Different lowercase letters in the same index indicate significant difference between sites (P<0.05).

Fig. 3 Species diversity index of economic forest in different rainfall areas Different lowercase letters in the same index indicate significant difference between sites (P<0.05).

Fig. 4 Temporal dynamics of tree layer species diversity index in natural forests in different rainfall areas

Fig. 5 Temporal dynamics of shrub layer species diversity index in natural forests in different rainfall areas

Fig. 6 Temporal dynamics of species diversity index of herbaceous layer in natural forests in different rainfall areas

Fig. 7 Temporal dynamics of species diversity index in shrub layer of Eucalyptus plantations in different rainfall areas

Fig. 8 Temporal dynamics of species diversity index in herbaceous layer of Eucalyptus plantations in different rainfall areas

Fig. 9 Temporal dynamics of species diversity index in shrub layer of economic forest in different rainfall areas

Fig. 10 Temporal dynamics of species diversity index in herbaceous layer of economic forest in different rainfall areas

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