Difference of Physiological Adaptability of Guitang 47 and Guitang 31 to Mechanical Harvest

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.05.010

Abstract

Abstract:

At present, the difficulty and pain point that sugarcane mechanical harvesting cannot be widely promoted is that mechanical rolling has a negative effect on sugarcane growth. In order to explore the effects of mechanical harvesting on the main agronomic traits and important physiological indexes of GT47 and GT31 at seedling stage, and provide theoretical reference for the evaluation of physiological adaptability of sugarcane mechanical harvesting and selection of suitable mechanical harvesting varieties, a randomized block design was used to compare and analyze the differences of plant growth rate, tiller rate, main components of leaves, root activity and related enzymes between mechanical and artificial harvesting treatments. The results showed that mechanical harvesting had a great effect on the rate of plant initiation and tillering of GT31, but not on the rate of plant initiation of GT47. There was a significant difference in nitrogen content between the two varieties during artificial harvesting, and the two harvesting methods had no obvious effect on the nitrogen content of GT47. The difference of total P content between GT47 and GT31 was extremely significant in artificial harvest, while there was no significant difference in total P content between the two varieties in mechanical harvest. Potassium content was greatly affected by different fertilization methods and different sugarcane varieties, and there was a significant difference in total potassium content between GT47 and GT31 regardless of mechanical or artificial harvesting. The root activity of GT47 and GT31 was 0.53 mg/(g·h) and 0.82 mg/(g·h) respectively in mechanical harvesting, but there was no significant difference in the root activity of the two varieties in artificial harvesting. After mechanical milling, the MDA content of GT31 root was significantly higher than that of artificial harvesting, while the MDA content of GT47 root showed no significant difference between the two harvesting methods. The CAT activity in root system of GT47 was 688.07 nmol/(min·g), which was significantly higher than that of GT31. There was no significant difference in Pro content and POD activity in roots among different varieties and different harvesting methods of the same variety. The adaptability of different sugarcane varieties in different harvest way differed. GT47 responded more quickly in tillering and other agronomic traits, and leaf nutrition, root activity, root art related enzymes after mechanical compaction. GT47 is more suitable for mechanical harvest.

Key words: Guitang 47, Guitang 31, mechanical harvesting, mechanical rolling, physiological adaptability

CLC Number:

S566.1

DENG Yuchi, WU Jianming, WANG Lunwang, XIAN Wu, HUANG Hairong, LI Yanjiao, WANG Chunling, WANG Yuping, JING Yan, LUO Ting. Difference of Physiological Adaptability of Guitang 47 and Guitang 31 to Mechanical Harvest[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023, 44(5): 946-954.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Ratoon seedling emergence of different sugarcane varieties under different harvesting methods Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

Fig. 2 Ratoon tillering rate of different sugarcane varieties under different harvesting methods. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

Fig. 3 Main nutrients in leaves of different sugarcane varieties under different harvesting methods Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05), different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference among treatments (P<0.01).

Fig. 4 Root vigor of different sugarcane varieties under different harvesting methods Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05), different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference among treatments (P<0.01).

Fig. 5 Root physiological indexes of different sugarcane varieties under different harvesting methods Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05), different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference among treatments (P<0.01).

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