The Screening of Excellent Single Seeding Plant of Camellia vietnamensis T. C. Huang ex Hu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.05.007

Abstract

Abstract:

In three Camellia vietnamensis producing areas of southwest tropical rainforest in Hainan Province, Baomeiling Ecological Protection Reserve (JB), Bawangling Gibbon Reserve (QS), and Jiangpai Village (XS), Baisha Li Autonomous County, 22 high-yielding single strains were selected, for primary screening and comparison. Observe fruit yield per unit area, oil content rate of fresh fruit, grude oil yield per unit of crown area, peroxide value, iodine value, acid value, saponification value and the contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, eiconsenoic acid in seed oil for 3 years, after the data was treated with the methods of ANOVA, gray association analysis, and cluster analysis, then screen out the more superior single strains. There existed significant difference in grude oil yield per unit of crown area, oil content rate of fresh fruit and fruit yield per unit area, among them, fruit yield per unit area might be the key indicator of high-yield screening. The physicochemical nature and fatty acid content of camellia seed oil both meet the requirements of “oil-tea camellia seed oil” (GB/T 11765—2018), but there existed some significant difference in some indicators, and there existed the linear correlations between some saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, then there existed the phenomena of the saturated acids changed into unsaturated acids, indicating that the camellia seed oil has no quality problems, and the different tree had its specific characteristic, so the breeding target should be mainly high yield and stable yield, and iodine value, saponification value and the contents of oleic acid might be the effective indicators for selection. Known from the grey association analysis data, the single strains with superior integrated traits were successively JB2, JB7, QS6, JB1, QS5, XS2, JB4, XS4, JB9 and XS5 respectively; Known from the clustering results, it is better to gather all the individual strains into 9 categories (r=0.904), among them, the top seven single strains of comprehensive traits were clustered in Ⅰ, Ⅸ, Ⅶ and Ⅵ respectively, indicating it was expected to screen out the characteristic diverse varieties. JB2, JB7, QS5, XS2 and XS4 belonged to the expected individual strains whose comprehensive behaviors in economic traits were excellent, and JB2 among them was the best one and rare.

Key words: Camellia vietnamensis T. C. Huang ex Hu, seeding single plant, excellent single plant, high yield, stable yield, quality

CLC Number:

S794.4

DU Yanjun, ZHOU Kaibing. The Screening of Excellent Single Seeding Plant of Camellia vietnamensis T. C. Huang ex Hu[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023, 44(5): 922-930.

Figures/Tables 7

References 20

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指标 Index	JB	QS	XS
纬度	19°23′N	19°11′N	19°21′N
经度	109°16′E	109°12′E	109°57′E
平均海拔/m	150.00	390.00	110.00
年均气温/℃	24.80	24.80	24.00
年降雨量/mm	1799.50	1799.50	1701.20
年日照时数/h	2199.90	2199.90	2266.50
年均相对湿度/%	79.00	80.00	78.00

指标 Index	JB	QS	XS
纬度	19°23′N	19°11′N	19°21′N
经度	109°16′E	109°12′E	109°57′E
平均海拔/m	150.00	390.00	110.00
年均气温/℃	24.80	24.80	24.00
年降雨量/mm	1799.50	1799.50	1701.20
年日照时数/h	2199.90	2199.90	2266.50
年均相对湿度/%	79.00	80.00	78.00

单株 Single plant	单位冠幅面积果实产量 Fruit yield per unit area/(g·m^-2)	鲜果含油率 Oil content rate of fresh fruit/%	单位冠幅面积毛油产量 Grude oil yield per unit of crown area/(g·m^-2)
JB1	1342.18±7.38^ab	5.13±0.23^bc	68.90±3.23^bc
JB2	1350.51±0.51^a	5.50±0.43^a	74.23±5.81^a
JB3	1318.08±5.59^c	4.16±0.12^e	54.78±1.57^e
JB4	1335.41±16.12^ab	5.00±0.20^c	66.73±2.71^c
JB5	1328.59±4.29^bc	4.26±0.21^e	56.64±2.57^e
JB6	1335.29±12.99^ab	5.40±0.27^a	72.06±3.72^ab
JB7	1335.96±17.50^ab	5.29±0.19^ab	70.64±3.02^b
JB8	1331.45±10.80^bc	4.67±0.37^d	62.17±4.80^d
JB9	1342.45±5.31^ab	4.98±0.50^c	66.88±6.46^c
QS1	1323.12±9.73^b	4.26±0.21^cd	56.33±2.99^cd
QS2	1339.71±14.64^ab	4.47±0.29^bc	59.82±3.40^bc
QS3	1319.45±2.20^b	4.07±0.11^d	53.74±1.41^d
QS4	1326.46±0.50^ab	4.21±0.17^cd	55.84±2.20^cd
QS5	1344.13±2.50^a	5.19±0.61^a	69.75±8.16^a
QS6	1334.44±19.23^ab	5.13±0.23^a	68.47±2.08^a
QS7	1319.47±8.72^b	4.09±0.09^d	54.02±1.54^d
QS8	1331.47±8.50^ab	4.62±0.34^b	61.47±4.46^b
XS1	1325.47±13.25^a	4.57±0.38^b	60.57±5.06^b
XS2	1335.12±11.23^a	4.91±0.49^a	65.55±6.50^a
XS3	1323.56±10.39^a	4.31±0.26^c	57.00±3.48^c
XS4	1326.37±16.21^a	4.73±0.43^b	62.70±5.00^b
XS5	1335.98±11.22^a	4.60±0.35^b	61.43±5.08^b

单株 Single plant	单位冠幅面积果实产量 Fruit yield per unit area/(g·m^-2)	鲜果含油率 Oil content rate of fresh fruit/%	单位冠幅面积毛油产量 Grude oil yield per unit of crown area/(g·m^-2)
JB1	1342.18±7.38^ab	5.13±0.23^bc	68.90±3.23^bc
JB2	1350.51±0.51^a	5.50±0.43^a	74.23±5.81^a
JB3	1318.08±5.59^c	4.16±0.12^e	54.78±1.57^e
JB4	1335.41±16.12^ab	5.00±0.20^c	66.73±2.71^c
JB5	1328.59±4.29^bc	4.26±0.21^e	56.64±2.57^e
JB6	1335.29±12.99^ab	5.40±0.27^a	72.06±3.72^ab
JB7	1335.96±17.50^ab	5.29±0.19^ab	70.64±3.02^b
JB8	1331.45±10.80^bc	4.67±0.37^d	62.17±4.80^d
JB9	1342.45±5.31^ab	4.98±0.50^c	66.88±6.46^c
QS1	1323.12±9.73^b	4.26±0.21^cd	56.33±2.99^cd
QS2	1339.71±14.64^ab	4.47±0.29^bc	59.82±3.40^bc
QS3	1319.45±2.20^b	4.07±0.11^d	53.74±1.41^d
QS4	1326.46±0.50^ab	4.21±0.17^cd	55.84±2.20^cd
QS5	1344.13±2.50^a	5.19±0.61^a	69.75±8.16^a
QS6	1334.44±19.23^ab	5.13±0.23^a	68.47±2.08^a
QS7	1319.47±8.72^b	4.09±0.09^d	54.02±1.54^d
QS8	1331.47±8.50^ab	4.62±0.34^b	61.47±4.46^b
XS1	1325.47±13.25^a	4.57±0.38^b	60.57±5.06^b
XS2	1335.12±11.23^a	4.91±0.49^a	65.55±6.50^a
XS3	1323.56±10.39^a	4.31±0.26^c	57.00±3.48^c
XS4	1326.37±16.21^a	4.73±0.43^b	62.70±5.00^b
XS5	1335.98±11.22^a	4.60±0.35^b	61.43±5.08^b

单株 Single plant	过氧化值 Peroxide value/%	碘值 Lodinev value/%	酸价 Acid value/ (mg·g^-1)	皂化值 Saponification value/(mg·g^-1)
JB1	0.04±0.01^cd	88.04±0.73^a	0.12±0.11^cd	193.81±0.23^c
JB2	0.02±0.01^d	88.67±0.58^a	0.08±0.10^d	195.89±0.19^a
JB3	0.09±0.01^b	88.04±1.94^ab	0.21±0.16^ab	194.72±0.50^b
JB4	0.05±0.01^c	87.45±0.78^ab	0.16±0.15^bc	192.42±0.43^d
JB5	0.09±0.03^b	85.86±1.89^c	0.22±0.17^ab	194.70±0.51^b
JB6	0.11±0.01^ab	81.19±1.60^e	0.26±0.22^a	193.28±0.37^c
JB7	0.03±0.01^cd	88.42±0.51^a	0.10±0.11^cd	196.00±0.00^a
JB8	0.13±0.00^a	84.74±1.10^d	0.23±0.14^ab	194.93±0.06^b
JB9	0.13±0.03^a	86.07±1.14^c	0.23±0.16^ab	194.30±1.03^b
QS1	0.10±0.05^a	84.80±1.81^c	0.24±0.18^a	191.95±0.79^c
QS2	0.10±0.02^ab	82.59±0.57^d	0.22±0.18^ab	193.38±0.64^b
QS3	0.13±0.01^a	85.41±1.42^b	0.23±0.13^ab	195.37±0.57^a
QS4	0.14±0.04^a	84.49±0.91^c	0.25±0.17^a	193.24±0.21^b
QS5	0.05±0.01^bc	83.04±0.97^c	0.17±0.15^bc	195.09±0.37^a
QS6	0.04±0.01^c	87.89±0.69^a	0.14±0.13^c	192.51±0.33^c
QS7	0.14±0.03^a	85.45±2.42^b	0.24±0.21^a	193.58±0.46^b
QS8	0.13±0.01^a	82.22±1.58^d	0.25±0.21^a	191.04±0.95^c
XS1	0.10±0.02^a	85.33±1.53^a	0.23±0.19^a	194.33±0.58^b
XS2	0.06±0.02^a	83.74±1.17^b	0.18±0.15^b	192.97±0.53^c
XS3	0.09±0.04^a	81.49±1.36^c	0.22±0.18^ab	194.05±1.00^b
XS4	0.07±0.02^a	86.72±1.18^a	0.19±0.15^b	195.88±0.58^a
XS5	0.11±0.03^a	82.30±1.55^b	0.21±0.15^ab	194.79±0.54^b