Abstract:

As tropical fruit industry is the pillar industry for peasants in Hainan province to increase income, the analysis of the evolution course and driving factors of tropical fruit planting structure since the establishment of Hainan province is conducive to putting forward corresponding adjustment and optimization strategies and promoting the optimization and upgrading of tropical fruit industry in Hainan Island. In this paper, the methods of gravity center analysis, regression analysis and spatial analysis were used to study the structural type evolution, planting proportion trend, gravity center migration and driving factors of tropical fruit planting structure in Hainan Island and its inner cities and counties from 1988 to 2020. The area of tropical fruits in Hainan Island fluctuated and increased, mainly mango, banana, litchi, pineapple, citrus, orange and grapefruit, longan, etc.. In which, the moving distance of the gravity center of longan production was the largest, while the pineapple was the smallest. The total planting structure of tropical fruits in Hainan Island was composed of mango, banana, litchi and pineapple, and the proportion of single fruit, combination of two fruits and combination of three fruits was 48 : 0 : 52. The planting structure of tropical fruits in cities and counties was composed of banana, mango, litchi, pineapple, longan, citrus, orange and grapefruit. The proportion of single fruit, combination of two fruits and combination of three fruits was 78 : 9 : 13. The spatial aggregation characteristics of tropical fruit planting structure in all cities and counties were obvious, and experienced the process of aggregation, dispersion and re-aggregation. Most cities and counties formed a stable dominant planting structure, and a few were still adjusting and exploring the dominant planting structure suitable for local. The regional aggregation characteristic which the change trends of main fruits planting proportion were the same became more obvious. The driving factors for the evolution of tropical fruit planting structure in Hainan Island mainly included the natural environment, policy support, social demand, market situation and Nongken reform. This paper concludes that to promote Hainan tropical fruit industry to stable, high quality development as a whole, it ought to follow the natural resource conditions, take the market demand as the guidance, comprehensively consider the economic and social development, ecological protection and other factors, regulate the industrial scale reasonably, and promote the formation of local advantages and characteristics of fruit planting structure on the basis of fully understanding of the evolution of local fruit planting structure and its driving factors.

Key words: tropical fruit, planting structure, temporal and spatial variation, driving factors