Relativity Analysis Between Characteristic Parameters of Off-season Longan Abscission and Its Fruit Removal Force

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.10.032

Abstract

Abstract:

Pre-harvest fruit abscission phenomenon is intensive in off-season longan in Hainan, China, which seriously restricts the development of the off-season longan. Pedicel detaching force or fruit removal force, reflecting the separation status of the abscission zone, has been adopted as a direct index reflecting the process of fruit abscission. However, there has been no report about its use in longan. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the use of pedicel detaching force to reflect fruit abscission in off-season longan and clarify its correlation with availability of carbohydrates, fruit respiration rate and activities of wall-degrading enzymes in the abscission zone. Small clusters of fruit were harvested and pedicel detaching force was measured using DS2-1000 gf or DS2-5000 gf force gauges every day. At the same time, correlation of various physiological parameters with pedicel detaching force was analyzed. The pedicel detaching force of the off-season longan of ‘Chuliang’ ranged between 0 and 3000 gf. When it became less than 1000 gf, the fruit was doomed to abscise. The cumulative abscission rate was significantly and negatively correlated to pedicel detaching force, with a coefficient of -0.948 (P=0.000). Total sugar and starch content in fruit was significantly and positive correlated to pedicel detaching force with a correlation coefficient of 0.942 (P=0.005) and 0.952 (P=0.003), respectively. A moderate positive bud insignificant correlation was found between respiratory oxygen consumption and pedicel detaching force (r=-0.807, P=0.099). Activity of cellulase and β-mannanase in the abscission zone was negatively correlated to pedicel detaching force, with a correlation coefficient of ?0.936 (P=0.019) and -0.954 (P=0.002), respectively. The results showed changes in pedicel detaching force could be used to reflect the process of fruit abscission. Fruit abscission was accompanied by significant decrease in pedicel detaching force, which was highly correlated with carbohydrate availability and cell wall degrading enzyme activity in the abscission zone, and high fruit respiration consumption may accelerate the process of fruit abscission.

Key words: longan, fruit removal force, fruits, abscission

CLC Number:

S667.1

YANG Ziqin, LI Jianguo, ZHANG Lei, LI Songgang, HONG Jiwang, HUANG Xuming. Relativity Analysis Between Characteristic Parameters of Off-season Longan Abscission and Its Fruit Removal Force[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2021, 42(10): 2986-2992.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on cumulative abscission rate

Fig. 2 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on fruit sugar content

Fig. 3 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on fruit starch content

Fig. 4 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on oxygen consumption of pedicel respiration

Fig. 5 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on relative activity of cellulose

Fig. 6 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on relative activity of β-mannanase

Fig. 7 Effect of girdling plus defoliation treatment on fruit removal force

Fig. 8 Relationship between fruit cumulative abscission rate and fruit removal force of longan under starvation stress

Fig. 9 Relationship between fruit sugar content and fruit removal force of longan under starvation stress

Fig. 10 Relationship between fruit starch content and fruit removal force of longan under starvation stress

Fig. 11 Relationship between oxygen consumption of pedicel respiration and fruit removal force under starvation stress

Fig. 12 Relationship between relative activity of cellulose and fruit removal force under starvation stress

Fig. 13 Relationship between relative activity of β-mannanase and fruit removal force under starvation stress

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