Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 2324-2333.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.08.027
• Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles
GAO Jinhu1, Li Chong2, ZHAO Mingsen1, FEN Xuping1, KONG Jiaqiang1, XUE Hongli1, MENG Xiaokang1, KANG Hongmei1,*()
Received:
2020-07-16
Revised:
2020-09-08
Online:
2021-08-25
Published:
2021-09-09
Contact:
KANG Hongmei
CLC Number:
GAO Jinhu, Li Chong, ZHAO Mingsen, FEN Xuping, KONG Jiaqiang, XUE Hongli, MENG Xiaokang, KANG Hongmei. Effect of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on the Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics, and Yield of Industrial Hemp[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2021, 42(8): 2324-2333.
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处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height/cm | 茎粗 Stem diameter/mm | 地上部干物质积累量 Dry matter accumulation /(kg·hm-2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
W0 | N0 | 310.33±22.37e | 14.49±4.20 | 0.35±0.06 |
N1 | 365.67±16.26cd | 20.66±1.58 | 0.41±0.11 | |
N2 | 369.00±3.00abcd | 24.03±2.84 | 0.44±0.10 | |
N3 | 368.33±1.53bcd | 25.19±9.41 | 0.45±0.11 | |
W1 | N0 | 365.67±1.53cd | 16.87±5.33 | 0.75±0.15 |
N1 | 372.33±4.04abcd | 27.71±2.09 | 0.77±0.17 | |
N2 | 386.00±10.44ab | 32.38±2.74 | 0.82±0.26 | |
N3 | 387.67±9.29a | 33.23±2.59 | 1.21±0.29 | |
W2 | N0 | 367.67±2.52bcd | 17.73±4.49 | 1.12±0.20 |
N1 | 372.67±10.69abcd | 27.55±7.27 | 1.17±0.06 | |
N2 | 385.33±11.93ab | 32.66±5.32 | 1.25±0.05 | |
N3 | 384.67±7.64abc | 32.50±5.03 | 1.24±0.14 | |
W3 | N0 | 367.00±3.00bcd | 17.70±6.01 | 1.15±0.18 |
N1 | 372.67±0.58abcd | 27.92±8.30 | 1.19±0.19 | |
N2 | 384.67±7.23abc | 32.76±5.26 | 1.23±0.13 | |
N3 | 386.00±15.13ab | 32.67±5.89 | 1.20±0.03 | |
显著性 | 0.003** | 0.994ns | 0.238 ns | |
平均值Average | ||||
灌水量 | W0 | 353.33±28.55b | 21.09±6.33b | 0.41±0.09c |
W1 | 377.92±11.49a | 27.55±7.40a | 0.89±0.28b | |
W2 | 377.58±11.04a | 27.61±7.94a | 1.20±0.12a | |
W3 | 377.58±11.09a | 27.76±8.45a | 1.19±0.13a | |
显著性 | 0.000** | 0.007** | 0.000** | |
施氮量 | N0 | 352.67±27.32c | 16.70±4.53c | 0.84±0.37b |
N1 | 370.83±9.03b | 25.96±5.80b | 0.89±0.36b | |
N2 | 381.25±10.57a | 30.46±5.30a | 0.94±0.37ab | |
N3 | 381.67±11.59a | 30.90±6.33a | 1.03±0.38a | |
显著性 | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.028* |
Tab. 1 Changes of agronomic properties under different treatments
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height/cm | 茎粗 Stem diameter/mm | 地上部干物质积累量 Dry matter accumulation /(kg·hm-2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
W0 | N0 | 310.33±22.37e | 14.49±4.20 | 0.35±0.06 |
N1 | 365.67±16.26cd | 20.66±1.58 | 0.41±0.11 | |
N2 | 369.00±3.00abcd | 24.03±2.84 | 0.44±0.10 | |
N3 | 368.33±1.53bcd | 25.19±9.41 | 0.45±0.11 | |
W1 | N0 | 365.67±1.53cd | 16.87±5.33 | 0.75±0.15 |
N1 | 372.33±4.04abcd | 27.71±2.09 | 0.77±0.17 | |
N2 | 386.00±10.44ab | 32.38±2.74 | 0.82±0.26 | |
N3 | 387.67±9.29a | 33.23±2.59 | 1.21±0.29 | |
W2 | N0 | 367.67±2.52bcd | 17.73±4.49 | 1.12±0.20 |
N1 | 372.67±10.69abcd | 27.55±7.27 | 1.17±0.06 | |
N2 | 385.33±11.93ab | 32.66±5.32 | 1.25±0.05 | |
N3 | 384.67±7.64abc | 32.50±5.03 | 1.24±0.14 | |
W3 | N0 | 367.00±3.00bcd | 17.70±6.01 | 1.15±0.18 |
N1 | 372.67±0.58abcd | 27.92±8.30 | 1.19±0.19 | |
N2 | 384.67±7.23abc | 32.76±5.26 | 1.23±0.13 | |
N3 | 386.00±15.13ab | 32.67±5.89 | 1.20±0.03 | |
显著性 | 0.003** | 0.994ns | 0.238 ns | |
平均值Average | ||||
灌水量 | W0 | 353.33±28.55b | 21.09±6.33b | 0.41±0.09c |
W1 | 377.92±11.49a | 27.55±7.40a | 0.89±0.28b | |
W2 | 377.58±11.04a | 27.61±7.94a | 1.20±0.12a | |
W3 | 377.58±11.09a | 27.76±8.45a | 1.19±0.13a | |
显著性 | 0.000** | 0.007** | 0.000** | |
施氮量 | N0 | 352.67±27.32c | 16.70±4.53c | 0.84±0.37b |
N1 | 370.83±9.03b | 25.96±5.80b | 0.89±0.36b | |
N2 | 381.25±10.57a | 30.46±5.30a | 0.94±0.37ab | |
N3 | 381.67±11.59a | 30.90±6.33a | 1.03±0.38a | |
显著性 | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.028* |
处理Treatment | 净光合速率/ Pn(μmol•m-2•s-1) | 气孔导度 Gs/(mmol•m-2•s-1) | 细胞间隙CO2浓度 Ci/(μmol•mol-1) | 蒸腾速率 Tr/(mmol•m-2•s-1) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
W0 | N0 | 7.50±4.36f | 0.28±0.14cde | 299.33±53.15 | 3.34±0.30e |
N1 | 9.93±4.97ef | 0.38±0.38abcde | 302.67±34.59 | 4.32±1.75cde | |
N2 | 16.20±2.82bcd | 0.44±0.14abcde | 320.33±27.43 | 5.23±0.09abcde | |
N3 | 19.97±4.05abc | 0.46±0.26abcde | 341.00±38.97 | 4.53±1.76bcde | |
W1 | N0 | 9.90±0.40ef | 0.30±0.16bcde | 305.00±65.80 | 3.99±0.24de |
N1 | 13.43±1.26de | 0.41±0.14abcde | 317.33±13.65 | 4.62±1.06abcde | |
N2 | 18.87±3.71abcd | 0.50±0.10abcde | 349.67±10.02 | 5.89±1.03abcd | |
N3 | 20.73±1.44abc | 0.52±0.01abcde | 351.67±0.58 | 5.41±0.63abcd | |
W2 | N0 | 13.33±0.12de | 0.20±0.06cde | 315.33±57.07 | 4.07±0.58cde |
N1 | 15.83±3.13bcd | 0.35±0.34abcde | 318.67±52.73 | 5.12±0.37abcde | |
N2 | 19.10±3.56abcd | 0.61±0.35abcd | 354.67±32.50 | 6.32±0.72ab | |
N3 | 21.73±0.49ab | 0.61±0.07abc | 361.33±7.23 | 6.03±1.45abc | |
W3 | N0 | 15.53±0.90cd | 0.32±0.20abcde | 322.00±73.51 | 4.30±0.96cde |
N1 | 19.50±8.66abcd | 0.50±0.23abcde | 337.00±58.97 | 5.32±1.55abcde | |
N2 | 20.47±0.12abc | 0.71±0.27ab | 370.00±0.00 | 6.61±0.18a | |
N3 | 22.43±1.36a | 0.73±0.12a | 366.33±1.15 | 6.58±0.86a | |
显著性 | 0.048* | 0.044* | 0.999ns | 0.037** | |
平均值 Average | |||||
灌水量 | W0 | 13.02±6.35c | 0.39±0.23 | 315.83±38.00 | 4.36±1.28b |
W1 | 15.73±4.84b | 0.43±0.13 | 330.92±35.86 | 4.98±1.03ab | |
W2 | 17.50±3.90ab | 0.44±0.28 | 337.50±42.02 | 5.39±1.19a | |
W3 | 18.98±4.13a | 0.57±0.25 | 348.83±45.33 | 5.70±1.32a | |
显著性 | 0.025* | 0.226ns | 0.271ns | 0.019* | |
施氮量 | N0 | 11.57±3.75c | 0.27±0.14b | 310.42±54.41c | 3.93±0.63c |
N1 | 13.79±5.12c | 0.41±0.25ab | 318.92±39.38bc | 4.85±1.18b | |
N2 | 18.66±2.98b | 0.57±0.23a | 348.67±26.46ab | 6.01±0.77a | |
N3 | 21.22±2.17a | 0.58±0.16a | 355.08±19.71a | 5.64±1.34ab | |
显著性 | 0.031* | 0.023* | 0.028* | 0.014* |
Tab. 2 Changes of photosynthetic performance of industrial hemp leaves under different treatments
处理Treatment | 净光合速率/ Pn(μmol•m-2•s-1) | 气孔导度 Gs/(mmol•m-2•s-1) | 细胞间隙CO2浓度 Ci/(μmol•mol-1) | 蒸腾速率 Tr/(mmol•m-2•s-1) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
W0 | N0 | 7.50±4.36f | 0.28±0.14cde | 299.33±53.15 | 3.34±0.30e |
N1 | 9.93±4.97ef | 0.38±0.38abcde | 302.67±34.59 | 4.32±1.75cde | |
N2 | 16.20±2.82bcd | 0.44±0.14abcde | 320.33±27.43 | 5.23±0.09abcde | |
N3 | 19.97±4.05abc | 0.46±0.26abcde | 341.00±38.97 | 4.53±1.76bcde | |
W1 | N0 | 9.90±0.40ef | 0.30±0.16bcde | 305.00±65.80 | 3.99±0.24de |
N1 | 13.43±1.26de | 0.41±0.14abcde | 317.33±13.65 | 4.62±1.06abcde | |
N2 | 18.87±3.71abcd | 0.50±0.10abcde | 349.67±10.02 | 5.89±1.03abcd | |
N3 | 20.73±1.44abc | 0.52±0.01abcde | 351.67±0.58 | 5.41±0.63abcd | |
W2 | N0 | 13.33±0.12de | 0.20±0.06cde | 315.33±57.07 | 4.07±0.58cde |
N1 | 15.83±3.13bcd | 0.35±0.34abcde | 318.67±52.73 | 5.12±0.37abcde | |
N2 | 19.10±3.56abcd | 0.61±0.35abcd | 354.67±32.50 | 6.32±0.72ab | |
N3 | 21.73±0.49ab | 0.61±0.07abc | 361.33±7.23 | 6.03±1.45abc | |
W3 | N0 | 15.53±0.90cd | 0.32±0.20abcde | 322.00±73.51 | 4.30±0.96cde |
N1 | 19.50±8.66abcd | 0.50±0.23abcde | 337.00±58.97 | 5.32±1.55abcde | |
N2 | 20.47±0.12abc | 0.71±0.27ab | 370.00±0.00 | 6.61±0.18a | |
N3 | 22.43±1.36a | 0.73±0.12a | 366.33±1.15 | 6.58±0.86a | |
显著性 | 0.048* | 0.044* | 0.999ns | 0.037** | |
平均值 Average | |||||
灌水量 | W0 | 13.02±6.35c | 0.39±0.23 | 315.83±38.00 | 4.36±1.28b |
W1 | 15.73±4.84b | 0.43±0.13 | 330.92±35.86 | 4.98±1.03ab | |
W2 | 17.50±3.90ab | 0.44±0.28 | 337.50±42.02 | 5.39±1.19a | |
W3 | 18.98±4.13a | 0.57±0.25 | 348.83±45.33 | 5.70±1.32a | |
显著性 | 0.025* | 0.226ns | 0.271ns | 0.019* | |
施氮量 | N0 | 11.57±3.75c | 0.27±0.14b | 310.42±54.41c | 3.93±0.63c |
N1 | 13.79±5.12c | 0.41±0.25ab | 318.92±39.38bc | 4.85±1.18b | |
N2 | 18.66±2.98b | 0.57±0.23a | 348.67±26.46ab | 6.01±0.77a | |
N3 | 21.22±2.17a | 0.58±0.16a | 355.08±19.71a | 5.64±1.34ab | |
显著性 | 0.031* | 0.023* | 0.028* | 0.014* |
处理 Treatment | 分枝数 Branching number | 分枝高 Branch height/cm | 千粒重 Thousand grain weight/g | 籽粒产量 Seed yield/ (kg·hm-2) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W0 | N0 | 18.67±0.58 | 129.00±1.24 | 20.67±1.46 | 1424.13±62.37b | |||||
N1 | 18.33±3.51 | 127.33±2.08 | 20.91±1.81 | 1490.93±123.83ab | ||||||
N2 | 20.33±4.73 | 117.33±15.53 | 21.04±0.52 | 1561.90±10.00ab | ||||||
N3 | 22.00±2.00 | 117.67±4.73 | 21.33±0.55 | 1614.67±116.99ab | ||||||
W1 | N0 | 19.00±2.65 | 127.33±6.81 | 21.01±1.8 | 1432.80±245.84b | |||||
N1 | 21.00±1.00 | 125.67±2.40 | 20.39±1.92 | 1502.40±318.14ab | ||||||
N2 | 21.00±5.57 | 117.67±6.11 | 21.25±1.52 | 1665.60±29.85ab | ||||||
N3 | 23.00±1.73 | 114.33±5.77 | 23.19±2.64 | 1660.67±60.70ab | ||||||
W2 | N0 | 21.33±6.03 | 124.33±4.51 | 22.61±0.78 | 1513.30±141.14ab | |||||
处理Treatment | 分枝数 Branching number | 分枝高 Branch height/cm | 千粒重 Thousand grain weight/g | 籽粒产量 Seed yield/(kg·hm-2) | ||||||
N1 | 23.33±3.21 | 120.33±5.27 | 22.79±0.34 | 1609.60±155.10ab | ||||||
N2 | 27.33±3.51 | 108.33±7.02 | 24.18±0.62 | 1737.60±80.55a | ||||||
N3 | 25.33±3.06 | 106.34±14.18 | 23.93±0.7 | 1731.33±146.24a | ||||||
W3 | N0 | 22.00±2.00 | 121.43±3.33 | 21.86±0.85 | 1546.10±143.65ab | |||||
N1 | 21.67±2.52 | 116.67±14.01 | 22.04±1.20 | 1610.13±147.98ab | ||||||
N2 | 26.67±2.08 | 103.33±1.53 | 23.32±0.87 | 1732.27±51.79a | ||||||
N3 | 26.00±2.00 | 102.33±3.21 | 22.13±1.84 | 1735.93±122.53a | ||||||
显著性 | 0.933ns | 0.992ns | 0.747ns | 0.047* | ||||||
平均值 Average | ||||||||||
灌水量 | W0 | 19.83±3.07b | 122.83±8.96 | 20.99±1.07c | 1522.91±107.95b | |||||
W1 | 21.00±3.13b | 121.08±7.24 | 21.46±2.03bc | 1565.37±203.26ab | ||||||
W2 | 24.33±4.23a | 114.67±10.9 | 23.38±0.9a | 1647.96±149.99a | ||||||
W3 | 24.08±3.00a | 110.83±10.52 | 22.33±1.23ab | 1656.11±134.71a | ||||||
显著性 | 0.048* | 0.576ns | 0.021* | 0.040* | ||||||
施氮量 | N0 | 20.25±3.31 | 125.42±4.76 | 21.54±1.36 | 1479.08±148.4b | |||||
N1 | 21.08±3.00 | 122.25±7.82 | 21.53±1.58 | 1553.27±181.82b | ||||||
N2 | 23.83±4.88 | 111.67±10.03 | 22.45±1.62 | 1674.34±85.57a | ||||||
N3 | 24.08±2.57 | 110.08±9.49 | 22.65±1.76 | 1685.65±112.16a | ||||||
显著性 | 0.091ns | 0.673ns | 0.106ns | 0.034* |
Tab. 3 Changes of stem diameter of industrial hemp under different treatments
处理 Treatment | 分枝数 Branching number | 分枝高 Branch height/cm | 千粒重 Thousand grain weight/g | 籽粒产量 Seed yield/ (kg·hm-2) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W0 | N0 | 18.67±0.58 | 129.00±1.24 | 20.67±1.46 | 1424.13±62.37b | |||||
N1 | 18.33±3.51 | 127.33±2.08 | 20.91±1.81 | 1490.93±123.83ab | ||||||
N2 | 20.33±4.73 | 117.33±15.53 | 21.04±0.52 | 1561.90±10.00ab | ||||||
N3 | 22.00±2.00 | 117.67±4.73 | 21.33±0.55 | 1614.67±116.99ab | ||||||
W1 | N0 | 19.00±2.65 | 127.33±6.81 | 21.01±1.8 | 1432.80±245.84b | |||||
N1 | 21.00±1.00 | 125.67±2.40 | 20.39±1.92 | 1502.40±318.14ab | ||||||
N2 | 21.00±5.57 | 117.67±6.11 | 21.25±1.52 | 1665.60±29.85ab | ||||||
N3 | 23.00±1.73 | 114.33±5.77 | 23.19±2.64 | 1660.67±60.70ab | ||||||
W2 | N0 | 21.33±6.03 | 124.33±4.51 | 22.61±0.78 | 1513.30±141.14ab | |||||
处理Treatment | 分枝数 Branching number | 分枝高 Branch height/cm | 千粒重 Thousand grain weight/g | 籽粒产量 Seed yield/(kg·hm-2) | ||||||
N1 | 23.33±3.21 | 120.33±5.27 | 22.79±0.34 | 1609.60±155.10ab | ||||||
N2 | 27.33±3.51 | 108.33±7.02 | 24.18±0.62 | 1737.60±80.55a | ||||||
N3 | 25.33±3.06 | 106.34±14.18 | 23.93±0.7 | 1731.33±146.24a | ||||||
W3 | N0 | 22.00±2.00 | 121.43±3.33 | 21.86±0.85 | 1546.10±143.65ab | |||||
N1 | 21.67±2.52 | 116.67±14.01 | 22.04±1.20 | 1610.13±147.98ab | ||||||
N2 | 26.67±2.08 | 103.33±1.53 | 23.32±0.87 | 1732.27±51.79a | ||||||
N3 | 26.00±2.00 | 102.33±3.21 | 22.13±1.84 | 1735.93±122.53a | ||||||
显著性 | 0.933ns | 0.992ns | 0.747ns | 0.047* | ||||||
平均值 Average | ||||||||||
灌水量 | W0 | 19.83±3.07b | 122.83±8.96 | 20.99±1.07c | 1522.91±107.95b | |||||
W1 | 21.00±3.13b | 121.08±7.24 | 21.46±2.03bc | 1565.37±203.26ab | ||||||
W2 | 24.33±4.23a | 114.67±10.9 | 23.38±0.9a | 1647.96±149.99a | ||||||
W3 | 24.08±3.00a | 110.83±10.52 | 22.33±1.23ab | 1656.11±134.71a | ||||||
显著性 | 0.048* | 0.576ns | 0.021* | 0.040* | ||||||
施氮量 | N0 | 20.25±3.31 | 125.42±4.76 | 21.54±1.36 | 1479.08±148.4b | |||||
N1 | 21.08±3.00 | 122.25±7.82 | 21.53±1.58 | 1553.27±181.82b | ||||||
N2 | 23.83±4.88 | 111.67±10.03 | 22.45±1.62 | 1674.34±85.57a | ||||||
N3 | 24.08±2.57 | 110.08±9.49 | 22.65±1.76 | 1685.65±112.16a | ||||||
显著性 | 0.091ns | 0.673ns | 0.106ns | 0.034* |
生物学性状 Biological character | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | y |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | 1.00 | |||||
x2 | 0.77** | 1.00 | ||||
x3 | -0.82** | -0.87** | 1.00 | |||
x4 | 0.55* | 0.81** | -0.63** | 1.00 | ||
x5 | 0.57* | 0.73** | -0.71** | 0.81** | 1.00 | |
y | 0.90** | 0.89** | -0.95** | 0.65** | 0.75** | 1.00 |
Tab. 4 Correlation between biological characters and yield of industrial hemp
生物学性状 Biological character | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | y |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | 1.00 | |||||
x2 | 0.77** | 1.00 | ||||
x3 | -0.82** | -0.87** | 1.00 | |||
x4 | 0.55* | 0.81** | -0.63** | 1.00 | ||
x5 | 0.57* | 0.73** | -0.71** | 0.81** | 1.00 | |
y | 0.90** | 0.89** | -0.95** | 0.65** | 0.75** | 1.00 |
生物学性状 Biological character | 直接作用 Direct effect | →x1 | →x2 | →x3 | →x4 | →x5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 0.29 | -0.11 | 0.14 | |
x2 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.31 | -0.16 | 0.18 | |
x3 | -0.36 | -0.29 | -0.25 | 0.13 | -0.17 | |
x4 | -0.20 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.20 | |
x5 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.26 | -0.16 |
Tab. 5 Path analysis between biological characters and yield of industrial hemp
生物学性状 Biological character | 直接作用 Direct effect | →x1 | →x2 | →x3 | →x4 | →x5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 0.29 | -0.11 | 0.14 | |
x2 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.31 | -0.16 | 0.18 | |
x3 | -0.36 | -0.29 | -0.25 | 0.13 | -0.17 | |
x4 | -0.20 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.20 | |
x5 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.26 | -0.16 |
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