Effects of Grafting on Volatile Compounds in Red Cherry Tomato Fruits

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.027

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effect of grafting on the volatile compounds in red cherry tomato fruit, the volatile compounds and relative contents of grafted and non-grafted fruit of three red cherry tomato varieties were analyzed by headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that there were 57 volatile compounds in CT18013S, including 5 unique compounds, of which heptanal was the main flavor compound. There were 69 volatile compounds in CT18013J, including 17 unique compounds, of which butyl acetate and guaiacol were the main flavor compounds. Fenxing S contained 52 volatile compounds, including 3 unique compounds. Fenxing J contained 60 volatile compounds, including 11 unique compounds, of which 1-nitro-2- phenylethane was the main flavor compound. Hongxing S contained 57 volatile compounds, including 6 unique compounds. Hongxing J contained 64 volatile compounds, including 13 unique compounds, of which heptanal, benzyl cyanide, 1-nitro-2-phenylethane and E,E-2,4-decadienal were the main flavor compounds. The comprehensive comparison results showed that the number of volatile flavor compounds were more in grafted fruit than non-grafted fruit in the three red cherry tomato varieties. Compared with non-grafted plants, grafting increased the contents of benzeneethanol, E-2-heptenal, benzeneacetaldehyde and nonanal in the grafted fruits of three red cherry tomato varieties. This study could provide scientific basis for further analysis of tomato flavor regulation.

Key words: red cherry tomato, grafting, volatile compounds, headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

CLC Number:

S616
S641.2

LIU Ziji, LIU Weixia, NIU Yu, YANG Yan. Effects of Grafting on Volatile Compounds in Red Cherry Tomato Fruits[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2021, 42(5): 1394-1401.

Figures/Tables 3

References 23

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序号 No.	类别 Category	保留时间 RT/min	化合物名称 Compound name		分子式 Formula	相对含量Relative content/%
序号 No.	类别 Category	保留时间 RT/min	化合物名称 Compound name		分子式 Formula	CT18013S	CT18013J	粉星S Fenxing S	粉星J Fenxing J	红星S Hongxing S	红星J Hongxing J
	醇类
1		1.65	乙醇		C₂H₆O	0.22	1.98	0.17	0.41	1.99	0.76
2		2.03	正丙醇		C₃H₈O	-	0.06	-	0.01	0.06	0.01
3		2.54	异丁醇		C₄H₁₀O	0.02	0.21	0.03	0.05	0.16	0.05
4		3.00	1-丁醇		C₄H₁₀O	0.08	0.18	-	0.08	0.12	0.33
5		4.28	3-甲基-1-丁醇		C₅H₁₂O	0.29	5.73	0.33	0.53	5.38	1.43
6		4.36	2-甲基-1-丁醇		C₅H₁₂O	0.83	7.25	0.60	2.11	6.35	2.19
7		5.14	1-戊醇		C₅H₁₂O	0.49	2.28	0.42	1 .03	1.85	0.85
8		8.23	Z-3-己烯醇		C₆H₁₂O	13.45	0.91	24.69	12.45	15.13	16.31
9		8.75	1-己醇		C₆H₁₄O	5.30	1.83	4.14	3.60	6.44	7.25
10		13.34	1-庚醇		C₇H₁₆O	0.22	0.66	0.13	0.16	0.10	0.22
11		13.35	1-辛烯-3-醇		C₈H₁₆O	0.22	0.08	0.23	0.39	0.29	0.53
12		14.30	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇		C₈H₁₆O	0.36	0.45	2.43	0.93	0.23	0.78
13		18.17	1-辛醇		C₈H₁₈O	0.29	0.81	0.45	0.96	0.76	0.73
14		20.46	苯乙醇		C₈H₁₀O	0.17	0.92	0.68	2.44	1.31	3.07
15		23.01	1-壬醇		C₉H₂₀O	-	0.04	-	0.09	-	0.18
	酮类
16		1.74	丙酮		C₃H₆O	0.19	-	0.21	0.28	-	0.15
17		2.24	2-丁酮		C₄H₈O	-	-			0.15	-
18		3.24	1-戊烯-3-酮		C₅H₈O	0.79	1.95	0.40	0.83	1.20	0.67
19		9.15	3-庚酮		C₇H₁₄O	-	0.05	-	-	-	-
20		13.88	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮		C₈H₁₄O	21.69	9.63	17.04	15.99	6.46	16.20
21		35.15	香叶基丙酮		C₁₃H₂₂O	2.33	0.83	0.45	0.69	0.49	1.07
22		36.51	β-紫罗兰酮		C₁₃H₂₀O	0.10	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.11
	酯类
23		1.86	乙酸甲酯		C₃H₆O₂	0.01	-	-	-	-	-
24		2.37	乙酸乙酯		C₄H₈O₂	-	3.66	-	-	1.57	-
25		3.69	丙酸乙酯		C₅H₁₀O₂	-	0.02	-	-	-	-
26		3.74	乙酸丙酯		C₅H₁₀O₂	-	0.12	-	-	0.02	-
27		6.44	乙酸丁酯		C₆H₁₂O₂	-	0.03	-	-	-	-
28		8.84	乙酸异戊酯		C₇H₁₄O₂	-	0.94	-	-	-	-
29		14.75	Z-乙酸-3-己烯醇酯		C₈H₁₄O₂	0.08	-	0.09	-	-	0.05
30		23.94	水杨酸甲酯		C₈H₈O₃	0.19	0.91	-	-	-	-
	醛类
31		1.99	异丁醛		C₄H₈O	-	0.01	-	0.01	0.02	-
32		2.06	2-丁烯醛		C₄H₆O	-	-	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01
33		2.06	2-甲基丙烯醛		C₄H₆O	0.02	0.01	-	-	-	-
34		2.21	丁醛		C₄H₈O	0.04	0.01	-	0.01	0.02	0.09
35		2.79	3-甲基丁醛		C₅H₁₀O	0.12	1.12	0.05	0.27	1.36	0.50
36		2.91	2-甲基丁醛		C5H₁₀O	0.03	0.16	0.06	0.05	0.16	0.07
37		3.41	正戊醛		C₅H₁₀O	0.48	1.97	0.42	0.76	0.90	0.50
38		4.68	E-2-戊烯醛		C₅H₈O	0.32	0.76	0.22	0.65	0.57	0.36
39		5.93	正己醛		C₆H₁₂O	17.01	6.52	-	8.88	10.67	10.71
40		5.99	Z-3-己烯醛		C₆H₁₀O	-	-	14.19	-	-	-
41		7.85	E-2-己烯醛		C₆H₁₀O	9.66	0.33	10.87	5.84	2.65	5.17
42		9.71	Z-4-庚烯醛		C₇H₁₂O	-	0.09	-	-	-	-
43		9.71	庚醛		C₇H₁₄O	0.07	-	1.03	2.68	-	0.10
44		12.30	E-2-庚烯醛		C₇H₁₂O	1.72	2.54	0.34	1.68	2.20	2.40
	醛类
45		12.56	苯甲醛	C₇H₆O		0.65	1.77	0.27	2.05	1.02	1.00
46		14.52	正辛醛	C₈H₁₆O		0.81	1.20	0.85	1.99	0.87	0.83
47		16.70	苯乙醛	C₈H₈O		0.35	0.74	0.45	1.14	0.70	1.27
48		17.23	2-辛烯醛	C₈H₁₄O		2.34	6.08	1.04	3.53	5.09	4.84
49		19.46	正壬醛	C₉H₁₈O		1.09	1.26	1.12	2.91	0.38	2.11
50		22.30	E-2-壬烯醛	C₉H₁₆O		-	0.08	-	0.04	-	0.08
51		22.61	十一醛	C₁₁H₂₂O		-	-	-	-	-	0.10
52		23.77	Z-4-癸烯醛	C₁₀H₁₈O		0.47	1.82	0.92	2.00	2.08	1.33
53		24.34	癸醛	C₁₀H₂₀O		0.19	0.27	0.27	0.48	0.10	0.80
54		24.92	β-环柠檬醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		0.13	0.16	0.19	0.12	0.11	0.19
55		25.98	Z-柠檬醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		0.30	0.12	0.18	0.15	0.06	0.20
56		26.57	β-环高柠檬醛	C₁₁H₁₈O		-	-	-	0.02	-	-
57		27.35	E-柠檬醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		1.37	0.40	0.52	0.08	0.19	0.64
58		28.46	E,Z-2,4-癸二烯醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		1.01	1.63	-	0.77	0.91	1.40
59		29.62	E,E-2,4-癸二烯醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		-	-	-	-	-	0.06
	烃类
60		1.73	正戊烷	C₅H₁₂		-	0.32	-	-	0.24	-
61		2.11	3-甲基戊烷	C₆H₁₄		-	-	-	-	-	0.01
62		2.24	己烷	C₆H₁₄		0.03	0.17	0.09	0.09	-	0.08
63		6.57	2,4-二甲基庚烷	C₉H₂₀		-	0.05	-	-	-	-
64		6.94	乙基环己烷	C₈H₁₆		-	0.06	-	-	0.05	-
65		9.36	苯乙烯	C₈H₈		0.13	0.15	0.25	0.14	0.16	0.19
66		11.05	α-蒎烯	C₁₀H₁₆		0.91	2.59	0.44	0.39	2.10	0.23
67		12.81	m-伞花烃	C₁₀H₁₄		-	0.16	-	-	-	-
68		13.04	β-蒎烯	C₁₀H₁₆		0.34	0.71	0.18	0.13	0.54	0.10
69		14.27	(+)-2-蒈烯	C₁₀H₁₆		1.14	1.61	0.34	0.58	1.04	0.41
70		15.39	1,2,4-三甲苯	C₉H₁₂		-	-	-	-	-	0.05
71		15.66	β-水芹烯	C₁₀H₁₆		0.88	1.27	0.60	0.30	2.68	0.27
72		28.62	十三烷	C₁₃H₂₈		-	-	0.07	-	-	-
73		32.95	正十四烷	C₁₄H₃₀		-	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.02
	其他类
74		1.59	甲硫醇	CH₄S		0.03	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.04
75		1.83	2-硫代丙烷	C₂H₆S		0.03	0.09	0.12	0.15	0.21	0.06
76		2.37	2-甲基呋喃	C₅H₆O		0.68	0.02	1.75	0.93	0.02	0.01
77		3.49	2-乙基呋喃	C₆H₈O		0.18	0.14	0.15	0.19	0.15	0.14
78		9.82	1-硝基-3-甲基丁烷	C₅H₁₁NO₂		0.99	3.17	-	-	4.90	2.42
79		13.58	2-正丙基噻唑	C₆H₉NS		0.25	0.04	0.15	0.03	-	-
80		13.96	2-戊基呋喃	C₉H₁₄O		1.24	2.71	1.33	2.45	2.18	2.83
81		15.93	2-异丁基噻唑	C₇H₁₁NS		6.31	14.41	7.02	12.94	3.62	1.95
82		19.19	愈创木酚	C₇H₈O₂		-	0.10	-	-	-	-
83		19.30	紫苏烯	C₁₀H₁₄O		0.17	-	-	0.11	-	0.13
84		21.48	苯乙腈	C₈H₇N		-	-	-	-	-	0.09
85		29.86	1-硝基-2-苯乙烷	C₈H₉NO₂		-	-	-	0.02	-	1.21

序号 No.	类别 Category	保留时间 RT/min	化合物名称 Compound name		分子式 Formula	相对含量Relative content/%
序号 No.	类别 Category	保留时间 RT/min	化合物名称 Compound name		分子式 Formula	CT18013S	CT18013J	粉星S Fenxing S	粉星J Fenxing J	红星S Hongxing S	红星J Hongxing J
	醇类
1		1.65	乙醇		C₂H₆O	0.22	1.98	0.17	0.41	1.99	0.76
2		2.03	正丙醇		C₃H₈O	-	0.06	-	0.01	0.06	0.01
3		2.54	异丁醇		C₄H₁₀O	0.02	0.21	0.03	0.05	0.16	0.05
4		3.00	1-丁醇		C₄H₁₀O	0.08	0.18	-	0.08	0.12	0.33
5		4.28	3-甲基-1-丁醇		C₅H₁₂O	0.29	5.73	0.33	0.53	5.38	1.43
6		4.36	2-甲基-1-丁醇		C₅H₁₂O	0.83	7.25	0.60	2.11	6.35	2.19
7		5.14	1-戊醇		C₅H₁₂O	0.49	2.28	0.42	1 .03	1.85	0.85
8		8.23	Z-3-己烯醇		C₆H₁₂O	13.45	0.91	24.69	12.45	15.13	16.31
9		8.75	1-己醇		C₆H₁₄O	5.30	1.83	4.14	3.60	6.44	7.25
10		13.34	1-庚醇		C₇H₁₆O	0.22	0.66	0.13	0.16	0.10	0.22
11		13.35	1-辛烯-3-醇		C₈H₁₆O	0.22	0.08	0.23	0.39	0.29	0.53
12		14.30	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇		C₈H₁₆O	0.36	0.45	2.43	0.93	0.23	0.78
13		18.17	1-辛醇		C₈H₁₈O	0.29	0.81	0.45	0.96	0.76	0.73
14		20.46	苯乙醇		C₈H₁₀O	0.17	0.92	0.68	2.44	1.31	3.07
15		23.01	1-壬醇		C₉H₂₀O	-	0.04	-	0.09	-	0.18
	酮类
16		1.74	丙酮		C₃H₆O	0.19	-	0.21	0.28	-	0.15
17		2.24	2-丁酮		C₄H₈O	-	-			0.15	-
18		3.24	1-戊烯-3-酮		C₅H₈O	0.79	1.95	0.40	0.83	1.20	0.67
19		9.15	3-庚酮		C₇H₁₄O	-	0.05	-	-	-	-
20		13.88	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮		C₈H₁₄O	21.69	9.63	17.04	15.99	6.46	16.20
21		35.15	香叶基丙酮		C₁₃H₂₂O	2.33	0.83	0.45	0.69	0.49	1.07
22		36.51	β-紫罗兰酮		C₁₃H₂₀O	0.10	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.11
	酯类
23		1.86	乙酸甲酯		C₃H₆O₂	0.01	-	-	-	-	-
24		2.37	乙酸乙酯		C₄H₈O₂	-	3.66	-	-	1.57	-
25		3.69	丙酸乙酯		C₅H₁₀O₂	-	0.02	-	-	-	-
26		3.74	乙酸丙酯		C₅H₁₀O₂	-	0.12	-	-	0.02	-
27		6.44	乙酸丁酯		C₆H₁₂O₂	-	0.03	-	-	-	-
28		8.84	乙酸异戊酯		C₇H₁₄O₂	-	0.94	-	-	-	-
29		14.75	Z-乙酸-3-己烯醇酯		C₈H₁₄O₂	0.08	-	0.09	-	-	0.05
30		23.94	水杨酸甲酯		C₈H₈O₃	0.19	0.91	-	-	-	-
	醛类
31		1.99	异丁醛		C₄H₈O	-	0.01	-	0.01	0.02	-
32		2.06	2-丁烯醛		C₄H₆O	-	-	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01
33		2.06	2-甲基丙烯醛		C₄H₆O	0.02	0.01	-	-	-	-
34		2.21	丁醛		C₄H₈O	0.04	0.01	-	0.01	0.02	0.09
35		2.79	3-甲基丁醛		C₅H₁₀O	0.12	1.12	0.05	0.27	1.36	0.50
36		2.91	2-甲基丁醛		C5H₁₀O	0.03	0.16	0.06	0.05	0.16	0.07
37		3.41	正戊醛		C₅H₁₀O	0.48	1.97	0.42	0.76	0.90	0.50
38		4.68	E-2-戊烯醛		C₅H₈O	0.32	0.76	0.22	0.65	0.57	0.36
39		5.93	正己醛		C₆H₁₂O	17.01	6.52	-	8.88	10.67	10.71
40		5.99	Z-3-己烯醛		C₆H₁₀O	-	-	14.19	-	-	-
41		7.85	E-2-己烯醛		C₆H₁₀O	9.66	0.33	10.87	5.84	2.65	5.17
42		9.71	Z-4-庚烯醛		C₇H₁₂O	-	0.09	-	-	-	-
43		9.71	庚醛		C₇H₁₄O	0.07	-	1.03	2.68	-	0.10
44		12.30	E-2-庚烯醛		C₇H₁₂O	1.72	2.54	0.34	1.68	2.20	2.40
	醛类
45		12.56	苯甲醛	C₇H₆O		0.65	1.77	0.27	2.05	1.02	1.00
46		14.52	正辛醛	C₈H₁₆O		0.81	1.20	0.85	1.99	0.87	0.83
47		16.70	苯乙醛	C₈H₈O		0.35	0.74	0.45	1.14	0.70	1.27
48		17.23	2-辛烯醛	C₈H₁₄O		2.34	6.08	1.04	3.53	5.09	4.84
49		19.46	正壬醛	C₉H₁₈O		1.09	1.26	1.12	2.91	0.38	2.11
50		22.30	E-2-壬烯醛	C₉H₁₆O		-	0.08	-	0.04	-	0.08
51		22.61	十一醛	C₁₁H₂₂O		-	-	-	-	-	0.10
52		23.77	Z-4-癸烯醛	C₁₀H₁₈O		0.47	1.82	0.92	2.00	2.08	1.33
53		24.34	癸醛	C₁₀H₂₀O		0.19	0.27	0.27	0.48	0.10	0.80
54		24.92	β-环柠檬醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		0.13	0.16	0.19	0.12	0.11	0.19
55		25.98	Z-柠檬醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		0.30	0.12	0.18	0.15	0.06	0.20
56		26.57	β-环高柠檬醛	C₁₁H₁₈O		-	-	-	0.02	-	-
57		27.35	E-柠檬醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		1.37	0.40	0.52	0.08	0.19	0.64
58		28.46	E,Z-2,4-癸二烯醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		1.01	1.63	-	0.77	0.91	1.40
59		29.62	E,E-2,4-癸二烯醛	C₁₀H₁₆O		-	-	-	-	-	0.06
	烃类
60		1.73	正戊烷	C₅H₁₂		-	0.32	-	-	0.24	-
61		2.11	3-甲基戊烷	C₆H₁₄		-	-	-	-	-	0.01
62		2.24	己烷	C₆H₁₄		0.03	0.17	0.09	0.09	-	0.08
63		6.57	2,4-二甲基庚烷	C₉H₂₀		-	0.05	-	-	-	-
64		6.94	乙基环己烷	C₈H₁₆		-	0.06	-	-	0.05	-
65		9.36	苯乙烯	C₈H₈		0.13	0.15	0.25	0.14	0.16	0.19
66		11.05	α-蒎烯	C₁₀H₁₆		0.91	2.59	0.44	0.39	2.10	0.23
67		12.81	m-伞花烃	C₁₀H₁₄		-	0.16	-	-	-	-
68		13.04	β-蒎烯	C₁₀H₁₆		0.34	0.71	0.18	0.13	0.54	0.10
69		14.27	(+)-2-蒈烯	C₁₀H₁₆		1.14	1.61	0.34	0.58	1.04	0.41
70		15.39	1,2,4-三甲苯	C₉H₁₂		-	-	-	-	-	0.05
71		15.66	β-水芹烯	C₁₀H₁₆		0.88	1.27	0.60	0.30	2.68	0.27
72		28.62	十三烷	C₁₃H₂₈		-	-	0.07	-	-	-
73		32.95	正十四烷	C₁₄H₃₀		-	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.02
	其他类
74		1.59	甲硫醇	CH₄S		0.03	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.04
75		1.83	2-硫代丙烷	C₂H₆S		0.03	0.09	0.12	0.15	0.21	0.06
76		2.37	2-甲基呋喃	C₅H₆O		0.68	0.02	1.75	0.93	0.02	0.01
77		3.49	2-乙基呋喃	C₆H₈O		0.18	0.14	0.15	0.19	0.15	0.14
78		9.82	1-硝基-3-甲基丁烷	C₅H₁₁NO₂		0.99	3.17	-	-	4.90	2.42
79		13.58	2-正丙基噻唑	C₆H₉NS		0.25	0.04	0.15	0.03	-	-
80		13.96	2-戊基呋喃	C₉H₁₄O		1.24	2.71	1.33	2.45	2.18	2.83
81		15.93	2-异丁基噻唑	C₇H₁₁NS		6.31	14.41	7.02	12.94	3.62	1.95
82		19.19	愈创木酚	C₇H₈O₂		-	0.10	-	-	-	-
83		19.30	紫苏烯	C₁₀H₁₄O		0.17	-	-	0.11	-	0.13
84		21.48	苯乙腈	C₈H₇N		-	-	-	-	-	0.09
85		29.86	1-硝基-2-苯乙烷	C₈H₉NO₂		-	-	-	0.02	-	1.21