Effect of Silicon Fertilizer on Sugarcane Production and Its Resistance to Stalk Borer

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.04.024

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to validate the effect of silicon fertilizer on the increase of sugarcane resistance to Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer, the silicon content, the resistance indexes of stalk borer and yield traits of sugarcane were investigated under the natural population of stalk borer in the field. The application amount range of 187.5-750 kg/hm² silicon fertilizer could significantly increase the silicon content in sugarcane in the whole growth period, significantly reduce the boring rate and damage degree of stalk borer. The positive responses observed due to the amount of silicon fertilizer were consistent with the content of silicon in sugarcane and the indexes of stalk borer resistance. In term of the results of factor analysis, the seven resistance indexes could be simplified to three main factors, including the damage factor of stalk borer at seedling stage, the damage factor of stalk borer and growth and development factors of stalk borer at technically matured stage. The rate of dead heart at seeding stage, the rate of bored internodes and the rate of adult emergence at technically matured stage could be used as the indexes for evaluation the effect of silicon fertilizer on sugarcane resistance to stalk borer. Based on the stepwise regression analysis, the dead heart rate and the length of cumulative tunnels among the seven resistance indicators had the greatest effect on sugarcane yield. The dosage of 562.5 kg/hm² silicon fertilizer could result in the best effects on the control of sugarcane borer and increment of sugarcane yield. This study shows that silicon fertilizer can significantly increase the silicon content in sugarcane and enhance the resistance to stalk borer, and thus effectively reduces the occurrence and damage of stalk borer, together with the promotion to increase sugarcane yield and income.

Key words: sugarcane, silicon fertilizer, Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer, resistance indexes of stalk borer, production

CLC Number:

S566.1
S474

LIN Zhaoli, ZHANG Hua, LUO Jun, GAO Shiwu, YAO Junli, XU Liping. Effect of Silicon Fertilizer on Sugarcane Production and Its Resistance to Stalk Borer[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2021, 42(4): 1071-1079.

Figures/Tables 8

References 33

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处理 Treatments	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content/(mg·g^-1)	螟害枯心率 Dead heart rate/%
T0	7.90±0.13^c	7.18±0.11^a
T1	8.42±0.15^b	4.48±0.58^b
T2	8.35±0.05^b	3.99±0.26^b
T3	9.30±0.29^a	2.32±0.54^c
T4	9.21±0.31^a	1.79±0.26^c
均值	8.64	3.95
变异系数/%	6.94	53.6
F值	24.16^**	87.11^**

处理 Treatments	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content/(mg·g^-1)	螟害枯心率 Dead heart rate/%
T0	7.90±0.13^c	7.18±0.11^a
T1	8.42±0.15^b	4.48±0.58^b
T2	8.35±0.05^b	3.99±0.26^b
T3	9.30±0.29^a	2.32±0.54^c
T4	9.21±0.31^a	1.79±0.26^c
均值	8.64	3.95
变异系数/%	6.94	53.6
F值	24.16^**	87.11^**

处理 Treatments	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗皮硅含量 Stem epidermis Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗茎硅含量 Stalk Si content/(mg·g^-1)	抗条螟性指标Resistance indexes of stalk borer
处理 Treatments	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗皮硅含量 Stem epidermis Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗茎硅含量 Stalk Si content/(mg·g^-1)	每株螟害节数 Number of bored internodes per plant	螟害节率 Bored internodes rate/%	枯梢率 Dieback rate/%	每株累积蛀道长度 Length of cumulative tunnels per plant/cm	节蛀道长度 Length of tunnels per bored internodes/cm	羽化率 Adult emergence rate/%
T0	5.56±0.34^c	2.52±0.08^b	2.32±0.18^b	2.94±0.24^a	14.07±1.17^a	30.00±5.00^a	44.30±3.91^a	2.63±0.16^a	83.52±1.02^a
T1	6.12±0.46^bc	2.48±0.04^b	2.53±0.06^ab	2.81±0.56^a	14.33±1.85^a	27.11±2.59^a	42.13±15.57^a	2.52±0.24^a	83.13±9.16^a
T2	7.03±0.75^a	2.75±0.13^a	2.56±0.22^ab	2.15±0.26^b	10.84±1.31^b	15.82±0.83^b	25.27±3.59^b	2.46±0.17^a	73.71±4.68^a
T3	7.32±0.33^a	2.87±0.17^a	2.73±0.13^a	2.11±0.25^b	9.88±1.17^b	10.00±5.00^b	22.53±9.85^b	1.71±0.29^b	59.30±6.78^b
T4	6.73±0.33^ab	2.73±0.04^a	2.53±0.09^ab	1.82±0.08^b	8.87±0.39^b	13.51±5.63^b	16.93±3.71^b	1.71±0.09^b	59.33±2.81^b
均值	6.55	2.67	2.53	2.37	11.60	19.29	30.23	2.21	71.80
变异系数/%	10.82	6.30	5.76	20.45	21.35	45.47	40.52	20.76	16.79
F值	6.77^**	2.82	7.67^**	11.43^**	6.91^**	12.95^**	5.91^*	15.07^**	13.56^**

处理 Treatments	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗皮硅含量 Stem epidermis Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗茎硅含量 Stalk Si content/(mg·g^-1)	抗条螟性指标Resistance indexes of stalk borer
处理 Treatments	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗皮硅含量 Stem epidermis Si content/(mg·g^-1)	蔗茎硅含量 Stalk Si content/(mg·g^-1)	每株螟害节数 Number of bored internodes per plant	螟害节率 Bored internodes rate/%	枯梢率 Dieback rate/%	每株累积蛀道长度 Length of cumulative tunnels per plant/cm	节蛀道长度 Length of tunnels per bored internodes/cm	羽化率 Adult emergence rate/%
T0	5.56±0.34^c	2.52±0.08^b	2.32±0.18^b	2.94±0.24^a	14.07±1.17^a	30.00±5.00^a	44.30±3.91^a	2.63±0.16^a	83.52±1.02^a
T1	6.12±0.46^bc	2.48±0.04^b	2.53±0.06^ab	2.81±0.56^a	14.33±1.85^a	27.11±2.59^a	42.13±15.57^a	2.52±0.24^a	83.13±9.16^a
T2	7.03±0.75^a	2.75±0.13^a	2.56±0.22^ab	2.15±0.26^b	10.84±1.31^b	15.82±0.83^b	25.27±3.59^b	2.46±0.17^a	73.71±4.68^a
T3	7.32±0.33^a	2.87±0.17^a	2.73±0.13^a	2.11±0.25^b	9.88±1.17^b	10.00±5.00^b	22.53±9.85^b	1.71±0.29^b	59.30±6.78^b
T4	6.73±0.33^ab	2.73±0.04^a	2.53±0.09^ab	1.82±0.08^b	8.87±0.39^b	13.51±5.63^b	16.93±3.71^b	1.71±0.09^b	59.33±2.81^b
均值	6.55	2.67	2.53	2.37	11.60	19.29	30.23	2.21	71.80
变异系数/%	10.82	6.30	5.76	20.45	21.35	45.47	40.52	20.76	16.79
F值	6.77^**	2.82	7.67^**	11.43^**	6.91^**	12.95^**	5.91^*	15.07^**	13.56^**

相关系数 Correlation coefficient	施硅量 Application amount	叶片硅含量 Leaf Si content	蔗皮硅含量 Stem epidermis Si content	蔗茎硅含量 Stalk Si content	螟害节数 Number of bored internodes	螟害节率 Bored internodes rate	枯梢率 Dieback rate	累积蛀道长度 Length of cumulative tunnels	节蛀道长度 Length of tunnels per bored internodes	羽化率 Adult emergence rate
施硅量		0.67^**	0.67^**	0.49	-0.82^**	-0.86^**	-0.83^**	-0.80^**	-0.85^**	-0.87^**
叶片硅含量	0.67^**		0.57^*	0.54^*	-0.64^*	-0.67^**	-0.82^**	-0.54^*	-0.46	-0.62^*
蔗皮硅含量	0.67^**	0.57^*		0.47	-0.59^*	-0.66^**	-0.79^**	-0.62^*	-0.74^**	-0.81^**
蔗茎硅含量	0.49	0.54^*	0.47		-0.41	-0.40	-0.54^*	-0.37	-0.35	-0.48