Effects of Inhibition Citrus Huanglongbing on Catharanthus roseus with Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Species

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.11.016

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide fundamental references and better ways of preventing and controlling citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), a research was conducted to obtain arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that possess plant growth-promoting and disease resistance abilities. The experiment utilized the pot culture method, where 17 strains of AM fungi were inoculated into the roots of Catharanthus roseus that were in the seedling stage. The colonization of different AM fungi strains were analyzed to understand how AM fungi simulating the growth and ameliorate citrus HLB infection in C. roseus under greenhouse conditions. During this process, various measurements were taken, and the agronomic characters, rate of colonization, infection intensity, arbuscular abundance, and HLB infection were analyzed. After C. roseus plants were inoculated with AM strains, strains GZ10, GZ5, and JX70 significantly enhanced the growth of C. roseus. Plants inoculated with GZ10 exhibited 23.1% and 12.1% increase in stem height and diameter, while GZ5 increased leaf number by 12.9%, both in respect to CK. Three strains (GZ1, BNMJ, and PWJ) improved disease resistance to citrus HLB, with a relative prevention rate of 78.39% for GZ1, 66.87% for BNMJ, and 69.75% for PWJ. The result proved that AM inoculation could significantly improve the growth of C. roseus and to some extent increase its disease resistance to citrus HLB.

Key words: Catharanthus roseus, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, dominant strain, citrus Huanglongbing, disease resistance

CLC Number:

S436.66

QUAN Dawan,LI Dong,ZHANG Jinlian,SONG Juan,HU Liu,CHENG Tong,HUANG Jinghua,CHEN Tingsu. Effects of Inhibition Citrus Huanglongbing on Catharanthus roseus with Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Species[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(11): 2259-2266.

Figures/Tables 8

References 20

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等级分类 Levels	等级症状特点 Characteristics of symptoms
0级	未显症的植株。
Ⅰ级	植株开始显症,显症叶片小于10%,仅在嫁接点附近叶片呈现黄化症状（在叶片上呈现黄色斑点）。其他枝条无症状。
Ⅱ级	植株10%~40%的叶片呈现黄化病症。其他枝条未显症,但伴随有叶片凋落或顶芽生长异常的现象。
Ⅲ级	植株40%~70%叶片呈现HLB病症,在双枝条或多枝条植株中嫁接枝条全部显症。另外的枝条也有30%~50%左右的叶片呈现黄化病症,有些植株伴随有叶片凋落,或不再长出新芽或新芽生长缓慢,或不能成花或花变小变畸形。
Ⅳ级	植株70%~90%以上的叶片呈现黄化病症,在双枝条或多枝条植株中嫁接病叶的枝条全部叶片显症。另外的枝条有50%~80%的叶片呈现病症,有些植株或有叶片凋落,或顶芽畸形,或不能成花,或生长缓慢缺乏生气,或无新生芽叶,或有新生芽叶但生长缓慢,或以上几种症状并发。
Ⅴ级	植株全株叶片（100%）呈现黄化病症,有些植株大量落叶、不能成花、生长缓慢。
Ⅵ级	植株萎蔫死亡。

等级分类 Levels	等级症状特点 Characteristics of symptoms
0级	未显症的植株。
Ⅰ级	植株开始显症,显症叶片小于10%,仅在嫁接点附近叶片呈现黄化症状（在叶片上呈现黄色斑点）。其他枝条无症状。
Ⅱ级	植株10%~40%的叶片呈现黄化病症。其他枝条未显症,但伴随有叶片凋落或顶芽生长异常的现象。
Ⅲ级	植株40%~70%叶片呈现HLB病症,在双枝条或多枝条植株中嫁接枝条全部显症。另外的枝条也有30%~50%左右的叶片呈现黄化病症,有些植株伴随有叶片凋落,或不再长出新芽或新芽生长缓慢,或不能成花或花变小变畸形。
Ⅳ级	植株70%~90%以上的叶片呈现黄化病症,在双枝条或多枝条植株中嫁接病叶的枝条全部叶片显症。另外的枝条有50%~80%的叶片呈现病症,有些植株或有叶片凋落,或顶芽畸形,或不能成花,或生长缓慢缺乏生气,或无新生芽叶,或有新生芽叶但生长缓慢,或以上几种症状并发。
Ⅴ级	植株全株叶片（100%）呈现黄化病症,有些植株大量落叶、不能成花、生长缓慢。
Ⅵ级	植株萎蔫死亡。

菌株编号 Strain number	根外菌丝 Hyphae on root/%	根内菌丝 Internal hyphae/%	泡囊 Vesicles/%	菌根侵染率 AM fungi infection rate/%
CK	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
JX70	5.70±9.75^bcde	15.60±24.98^abc	1.75±6.74^ab	19.35±29.30^abc
JX80	3.50±7.27^cde	15.50±23.45^abcd	0.00±0.00^bc	18.75±28.00^abcd
JX126	11.90±11.18^a	23.25±24.36^ab	0.50±1.54^bc	32.35±31.50^a
JX145	1.90±5.44^de	5.00±15.64^cd	0.25±1.12^bc	7.60±22.62^cd
JX165	1.25±2.71^e	3.40±6.02^cd	0.35±0.75^bc	4.55±8.42^cd
GZ1	8.75±10.96^ab	28.50±32.67^a	2.35±3.22^a	31.85±36.00^ab
GZ5	1.95±3.12^de	12.30±23.45^abcd	0.40±1.27^bc	13.45±24.32^bcd
GZ10	7.40±10.04^abcd	20.00±26.94^abc	0.80±2.12^bc	23.90±30.72^abc
LC-C58	1.00±1.33^e	2.00±2.62^d	0.00±0.00^bc	3.00±3.89^d
E16-1-32	9.75±10.82^ab	26.00±28.17^a	0.90±2.13^bc	31.75±33.02^ab
E26-47	1.79±2.09^de	5.36±6.76^cd	0.36±0.76^bc	7.15±8.75^cd
BNMJ	4.75±5.50^bcde	10.25±9.51^bcd	0.00±0.00^bc	13.70±11.68^abcd
HTJ2-60	1.05±1.42^e	5.00±7.45^cd	0.40±0.84^bc	6.05±8.62^cd
LJCK	2.13±2.52^cde	7.84±8.86^bcd	1.00±1.76^abc	9.25±10.61^cd
LSJ	11.25±9.80^a	19.44±16.26^abc	0.00±0.00^bc	29.75±25.45^ab
NGJ	7.90±8.86^abc	5.00±6.24^cd	0.50±1.08^bc	12.90±14.75^bcd
PWJ	4.30±7.94^bcde	18.65±32.73^abc	0.00±0.00^bc	20.25±34.19^abc

菌株编号 Strain number	根外菌丝 Hyphae on root/%	根内菌丝 Internal hyphae/%	泡囊 Vesicles/%	菌根侵染率 AM fungi infection rate/%
CK	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
JX70	5.70±9.75^bcde	15.60±24.98^abc	1.75±6.74^ab	19.35±29.30^abc
JX80	3.50±7.27^cde	15.50±23.45^abcd	0.00±0.00^bc	18.75±28.00^abcd
JX126	11.90±11.18^a	23.25±24.36^ab	0.50±1.54^bc	32.35±31.50^a
JX145	1.90±5.44^de	5.00±15.64^cd	0.25±1.12^bc	7.60±22.62^cd
JX165	1.25±2.71^e	3.40±6.02^cd	0.35±0.75^bc	4.55±8.42^cd
GZ1	8.75±10.96^ab	28.50±32.67^a	2.35±3.22^a	31.85±36.00^ab
GZ5	1.95±3.12^de	12.30±23.45^abcd	0.40±1.27^bc	13.45±24.32^bcd
GZ10	7.40±10.04^abcd	20.00±26.94^abc	0.80±2.12^bc	23.90±30.72^abc
LC-C58	1.00±1.33^e	2.00±2.62^d	0.00±0.00^bc	3.00±3.89^d
E16-1-32	9.75±10.82^ab	26.00±28.17^a	0.90±2.13^bc	31.75±33.02^ab
E26-47	1.79±2.09^de	5.36±6.76^cd	0.36±0.76^bc	7.15±8.75^cd
BNMJ	4.75±5.50^bcde	10.25±9.51^bcd	0.00±0.00^bc	13.70±11.68^abcd
HTJ2-60	1.05±1.42^e	5.00±7.45^cd	0.40±0.84^bc	6.05±8.62^cd
LJCK	2.13±2.52^cde	7.84±8.86^bcd	1.00±1.76^abc	9.25±10.61^cd
LSJ	11.25±9.80^a	19.44±16.26^abc	0.00±0.00^bc	29.75±25.45^ab
NGJ	7.90±8.86^abc	5.00±6.24^cd	0.50±1.08^bc	12.90±14.75^bcd
PWJ	4.30±7.94^bcde	18.65±32.73^abc	0.00±0.00^bc	20.25±34.19^abc

菌株编号 Strain number	茎径Stem diameter/mm			株高Plant height/cm			叶片数Leaf number
菌株编号 Strain number	25 d	50 d	75 d	25 d	50 d	75 d	25 d	50 d	75 d
CK	1.38±0.11ⁱ	1.94±0.25^ef	2.90±0.33^bcdef	2.70±0.55^cde	5.46±0.71^cdefg	10.16±1.47^bcdef	4.00±0.00^fh	7.20±1.03^fg	11.60±1.26^bcde
JX70	1.82±0.39^cdefg	2.30±0.36^bcd	3.01±0.37^abcd	3.01±0.84^abc	6.07±1.85^cdef	10.87±2.91^abcde	5.57±1.40^abc	9.14±1.70^abc	12.64±1.22^ab
JX80	1.92±0.28^bcd	1.93±0.33^ef	2.44±0.29^gh	2.73±0.83^cde	4.75±1.18^g	8.05±1.90^g	4.80±1.01^defg	7.07±1.67^g	9.53±1.55^g
JX126	2.20±0.29^a	2.37±0.27^bc	3.07±0.33^abc	3.39±0.60^ab	7.47±1.10^a	11.77±1.90^ab	5.87±0.52^a	9.43±1.83^ab	12.13±1.30^abcde
JX145	1.79±0.33^cdefg	2.17±0.39^cde	2.67±0.46^efgh	3.40±0.91^ab	6.44±1.87^abcd	9.56±3.63^defg	4.67±0.98^defgh	8.57±1.65^bcde	11.27±1.71^def
JX165	1.49±0.20^hi	1.92±0.29^ef	2.62±0.38^fgh	2.87±0.69^bcd	5.71±1.15^cdefg	9.29±1.58^efg	4.93±1.03^bcde	7.67±1.59^efg	11.07±1.53^ef
GZ1	1.91±0.33^bcde	2.38±0.25^bc	2.97±0.31^abcde	3.05±1.14^abc	6.51±2.37^abc	11.52±3.38^abc	4.80±1.03^cdef	9.20±1.40^abc	12.40±1.58^abcd
GZ5	1.73±0.39^defgh	2.39±0.32^abc	2.97±0.32^abcde	2.82±0.82^cde	6.18±1.66^bcde	10.39±2.58^bcde	5.00±1.05^bcde	9.00±1.70^abcd	13.10±2.51^a
GZ10	1.96±0.47^abcd	2.62±0.31^a	3.25±0.43^a	3.49±0.78^a	7.32±1.84^ab	12.51±2.65^a	5.60±0.83^abc	10.13±2.10^a	12.60±1.92^abc
LC-C58	1.73±0.26^defgh	2.09±0.35^def	2.81±0.28^cdef	2.85±0.67^bcde	5.79±0.86^cdefg	9.61±1.16^cdefg	4.53±1.19^defgh	7.47±1.19^efg	11.47±1.19^cde
E16-1-32	1.92±0.35^bcde	2.20±0.24^cd	3.05±0.29^abcd	2.59±0.57^cde	5.68±1.26^cdefg	9.61±1.81^defg	5.20±1.01^abcd	8.13±1.19^cdefg	11.20±1.26^def
E26-47	1.98±0.46^abc	1.90±0.27^f	2.39±0.37^h	2.76±0.51^cde	5.09±1.36^efg	8.44±2.09^fg	4.82±0.98^cde	7.45±1.81^efg	10.18±1.66^fg
BNMJ	1.47±0.41ⁱ	2.26±0.39^bcd	3.05±0.41^abcd	2.52±0.51^cde	6.17±1.88^cde	11.33±3.55^abcd	5.00±1.05^bcde	9.10±1.37^abcd	12.20±1.23^abcde
HTJ2-60	1.55±0.23^ghi	2.26±0.33^bcd	2.87±0.38^bcdef	2.34±0.72^de	5.26±1.39^defg	10.04±2.46^bcdef	5.00±1.04^bcde	8.43±1.60^bcdef	11.71±1.90^bcde
LJCK	2.09±0.36^ab	2.28±0.41^bcd	3.06±0.54^abc	3.01±0.68^abc	6.26±1.40^abcde	10.61±2.62^abcde	5.83±0.58^a	8.83±1.59^bcd	12.08±1.93^abcde
LSJ	1.59±0.29^fghi	1.96±0.18^ef	2.93±0.38^bcde	2.31±0.55^e	4.82±1.10^fg	9.08±2.07^efg	4.22±0.67^efgh	7.78±1.20^defg	11.56±0.88^bcde
NGJ	1.83±0.36^cdef	2.46±0.42^ab	3.12±0.50^ab	2.77±0.61^cde	5.76±1.81^cdefg	10.25±2.71^bcde	5.64±1.34^ab	9.29±1.98^abc	12.29±1.73^abcde
PWJ	1.64±0.17^efghi	2.31±0.17^bcd	2.75±0.39^defg	3.08±0.85^abc	6.30±1.22^abcd	10.57±1.77^bcde	5.10±0.99^abcd	8.80±1.03^bcde	12.30±1.34^abcde