Yield and Economic Benefit of Potato in Winter under Different Release Periods of Controlled Slow Release Compound Fertilizers and Ratio of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.08.012

Abstract

Abstract:

The study was aimed to solve the problems of excessive fertilizer supply in early stage of winter potato growing, short of fertilizer in late stage and imbalance between supply and demand of fertilizer nutrients in Guangdong. A random complete block design was used with potato ‘Favorita’ as the test variety. The effects of controlled slow release compound fertilizers with different release periods on the yield and economic benefits of winter potato were studied under different NPK ratios. When the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O= 1.0∶0.5∶2.0, the total yield, relative yield increase, economic benefit and relative economic-benefit increase for CRF60d was the highest, being 56 550 kg/hm ², 68.24%, 92 575 yuan/hm ² and 69.12%, respectively, and that for CRF90d with N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=1.0∶0.5∶2.0 was 55 034 kg/hm ², 63.73%, 88 186 yuan/hm ² and 61.10%, respectively. Considering the factors such as yield and economic benefits, the suitable fertilization scheme for the main potato producing areas in winter in Guangdong is the controlled slow release compound fertilizer with 60-90 d release period, and the total NPK should reach N 240 kg/hm ², P₂O₅ 120 kg/hm ² and K₂O 480 kg/hm ².

Key words: winter potato, slowly controlled release compound fertilizer, N P K ratio, yield, economic benefits

CLC Number:

S532

LUO Qifeng,ZHANG Xinming,CHEN Lin,XU Pengju,PAN Song,HE Chunxi,CAO Xianwei. Yield and Economic Benefit of Potato in Winter under Different Release Periods of Controlled Slow Release Compound Fertilizers and Ratio of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(8): 1589-1595.

Figures/Tables 11

Tab. 1 Table of fertilization scheme

处理 Treatment	缓控释复合肥 Sustained release compound fertilizer/(kg?hm^-2)			常规肥 Conventional fertilizer/(kg?hm^-2)
处理 Treatment	纯氮（N）	纯磷（P₂O₅）	纯钾（K₂O）	纯氮（N）	纯磷（P₂O₅）	纯钾（K₂O）
N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=1.0∶0.5∶1.5（低钾）
T₁(CRF60d)	96	96	96	144	24	264
T₃(CRF90d)	96	96	96	144	24	264
T₅(CCF)	0	0	0	240	120	360
N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=1.0∶0.5∶2.0（高钾）
T₂(CRF60d)	96	96	96	144	24	384
T₄(CRF90d)	96	96	96	144	24	384
T₆(CCF)	0	0	0	240	120	480
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0

Fig. 1 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on fresh weight of stem and leaf The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 2 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on fresh weight of stem and leaf The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 3 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on fresh tuber weight of potato The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 4 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on fresh tuber weight of potato The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 5 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on dry matter content of stem and leaf The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 6 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on dry matter content of stem and leaf The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 7 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on tuber dry matter content of potato The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 8 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on tuber dry matter content of potato The error line in the figure represents standard error, different lowercase letters indicate variance analysis reached significant difference at the 0.05 level.

Tab. 2 Different release periods of compound fertilizer on total yield and yield factor

处理 Treatment	商品薯产量 Commercial potato yield/(kg?hm^-2)	商品薯率 Commodity potato rate/%	总产量 Total yield/(kg?hm^-2)	较CK增产 Increment/%
T₁	47 786±1 599.92^ab	96.76±0.27^a	49 393±1 550.17^ab	46.95
T₃	52 191±3 880.45^a	96.49±0.59^a	54 079±3 441.90^a	60.89
T₅	47 821±1 938.52^ab	96.06±0.85^ab	49 755±1 369.79^ab	48.02
T₂	54 744±1 156.55^a	96.79±0.73^a	56 550±707.41^a	68.24
T₄	52 832±1 027.96^a	96.00±0.23^ab	55 034±900.48^a	63.73
T₆	43 869±2 652.46^b	96.68±0.09^a	45 372±2 358.80^b	34.99
CK	31 807±1 256.20^c	94.62±0.32^b	33 613±1 020.28^c

Tab. 3 Table of economic benefits

处理 Treatment	总产值 Total output value/(元·hm^-2)	较CK增产 Increment/%	经济效益 Net income/(元·hm^-2)	较CK增效 Increment/%
T₁	115 489±3 934.75^ab	49.52	76 785±3 934.75^ab	40.28
T₃	126 203±9 355.38^a	63.39	87 499±9 355.38^a	59.85
T₅	115 736±4 473.55^ab	49.84	77 416±4 473.55^ab	41.43
T₂	132 288±2 598.41^a	71.27	92 575±2 598.41^a	69.12
T₄	127 899±2 470.21^a	65.59	88 186±2 470.21^a	61.10
T₆	106 038±6 401.49^b	37.29	66 710±6 401.49^bc	21.87
CK	77 239±3 043.33^c		54 739±3 043.33^c

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