Sugarcane Yield and Soil Potassium Balance in Potassium Application of Four Consecutive Years

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.07.009

Abstract

Abstract:

A four-year (2014 to 2017) potassium fertilizer field experiment designed by a random block with cultivar ‘Yuetang 03-393’ (‘Yuetang 60’) and five K₂O levels of 0, 225, 450, 675 and 900 kg/hm² respectively was conducted to evaluate the effects of the long-term application of potassium fertilizers on sugarcane yield, agronomy efficiency, plant potassium (K) uptake, potassium use efficiency and soil potassium content. Under a certain K₂O application range, with the increase of potassium application rate, the agronomy efficiency, yield and potassium use efficiency of sugarcane increased and then decreased, while the output-input ratio was down. The yield and potassium use efficiency of the treatment with 450 kg/hm² K₂O were the highest, and the agronomy efficiency and output-input ratio of the treatment with 225 kg/hm² K₂O were the best. With the increase of potassium fertilizer dosage, the potassium uptake, soil potassium content and potassium equilibrium coefficient of sugarcane plants increased, resulting in luxury absorption of plants, excessive soil potassium content, excessive apparent surplus and waste of potassium resources. The reasonable application of potassium fertilizers could increase the agronomic benefit and yield. However, the excessive application of potassium fertilizers could reduce the agricultural effect and potassium use efficiency, and also result in the waste of resources and loss of K nutrients. Considering agronomy efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, apparent balance of soil potassium and comprehensive benefits, the recommended amount of potassium fertilizers for sugarcane is K₂O 225-450 kg/hm².

Key words: potassium fertilizer, sugarcane, yield, soil potassium balance

CLC Number:

S566.1

HUANG Zhenrui,ZHOU Wenling,AO Junhua,CHEN Diwen,HUANG Ying,JIANG Yong,LI Qiwei. Sugarcane Yield and Soil Potassium Balance in Potassium Application of Four Consecutive Years[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(7): 1347-1353.

Figures/Tables 5

References 36

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处理 Treatment	蔗茎产量 Sugarcane yield/(t·hm^-2)					增产率 Yield increase percentage/%	农学效应 Agronomy efficiency/(kg·kg^-1 K₂O)
处理 Treatment	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均 Average	增产率 Yield increase percentage/%	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均 Average
K₀	70.43^dA	65.97^dB	63.20^eC	61.57^dC	65.29
K₁	82.57^cAB	79.93^cB	83.57^cA	80.93^bB	81.75	25.20	53.93^aB	62.05^aB	90.52^aA	86.05^aA	73.14
K₂	91.30^aA	93.47^aA	92.27^aA	88.60^aB	91.41	40.00	46.37^bB	61.11^aA	64.59^bA	60.07^bA	58.04
K₃	88.60^bAB	90.57^bA	87.93^bB	86.93^aB	88.51	35.56	26.91^cB	36.44^bA	36.64^cA	37.58^cA	34.40
K₄	80.87^cA	80.37^cA	79.57^dA	77.67^cB	79.62	21.94	11.59^dB	16.00^cA	18.19^dA	17.89^dA	15.92

处理 Treatment	蔗茎产量 Sugarcane yield/(t·hm^-2)					增产率 Yield increase percentage/%	农学效应 Agronomy efficiency/(kg·kg^-1 K₂O)
处理 Treatment	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均 Average	增产率 Yield increase percentage/%	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均 Average
K₀	70.43^dA	65.97^dB	63.20^eC	61.57^dC	65.29
K₁	82.57^cAB	79.93^cB	83.57^cA	80.93^bB	81.75	25.20	53.93^aB	62.05^aB	90.52^aA	86.05^aA	73.14
K₂	91.30^aA	93.47^aA	92.27^aA	88.60^aB	91.41	40.00	46.37^bB	61.11^aA	64.59^bA	60.07^bA	58.04
K₃	88.60^bAB	90.57^bA	87.93^bB	86.93^aB	88.51	35.56	26.91^cB	36.44^bA	36.64^cA	37.58^cA	34.40
K₄	80.87^cA	80.37^cA	79.57^dA	77.67^cB	79.62	21.94	11.59^dB	16.00^cA	18.19^dA	17.89^dA	15.92

处理 Treatment	甘蔗植株吸钾量Potassium uptake/(kg·hm^-2)					钾肥利用率Potassium use efficiency/%
处理 Treatment	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均Average	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均Average
K₀	225.00^dA	176.33^dB	160.00^dC	153.33^dC	178.67
K₁	280.91^cA	240.80^cB	230.14^cC	220.60^cD	243.11	24.85^aC	28.65^bB	31.17^bA	29.90^bB	28.64
K₂	323.06^bC	339.90^bB	347.09^bA	338.03^bB	337.02	21.79^bC	36.35^aB	41.58^aA	41.04^aA	35.19
K₃	315.78^bB	346.92^bA	371.67^aA	415.44^aA	362.45	13.45^cD	25.27^cC	31.36^bB	38.83^aA	27.23
K₄	350.64^aD	367.55^aC	368.30^aB	418.75^aA	376.31	13.96^cD	21.25^dC	23.14^cB	29.49^bA	21.96

处理 Treatment	甘蔗植株吸钾量Potassium uptake/(kg·hm^-2)					钾肥利用率Potassium use efficiency/%
处理 Treatment	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均Average	2014	2015	2016	2017	平均Average
K₀	225.00^dA	176.33^dB	160.00^dC	153.33^dC	178.67
K₁	280.91^cA	240.80^cB	230.14^cC	220.60^cD	243.11	24.85^aC	28.65^bB	31.17^bA	29.90^bB	28.64
K₂	323.06^bC	339.90^bB	347.09^bA	338.03^bB	337.02	21.79^bC	36.35^aB	41.58^aA	41.04^aA	35.19
K₃	315.78^bB	346.92^bA	371.67^aA	415.44^aA	362.45	13.45^cD	25.27^cC	31.36^bB	38.83^aA	27.23
K₄	350.64^aD	367.55^aC	368.30^aB	418.75^aA	376.31	13.96^cD	21.25^dC	23.14^cB	29.49^bA	21.96

处理 Treatment	速效钾 Available K/(kg·hm^-2)			缓效钾Slowly available K/(kg·hm^-2)
处理 Treatment	2014	2017	±增减	2014	2017	±增减
K₀	101.33^dA	45.67^eB	-55.66	133.67^eA	93.67^eB	-40.00
K₁	126.33^cA	122.67^dA	-3.66	147.00^dA	135.33^dA	-11.67
K₂	147.00^bA	157.67^cA	10.67	159.33^cB	188.33^cA	29.00
K₃	152.33^bB	235.67^bA	83.34	163.67^bB	222.33^bA	58.66
K₄	169.33^aB	267.67^aA	98.34	185.67^aB	229.67^aA	44.00