Responses of Sugarcane Varieties Growth to Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Related Use Efficiency

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2019.04.004

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim was to investigate the optimum nitrogen (N) fertilizer application for different sugarcanes varieties to conserve resources and reduce pollution. Using three main local sugarcanes varieties, ROC22, LC5136, and YT236, for experiments, 5 levels of N fertilizers quantities were set to study the effects of N fertilizer application on different sugarcanes varieties. The results showed that: (1) The weight of stem and yield of all three sugarcanes varieties increased with N fertilizers increased, followed by no significant change. The best application rate for ROC22 and LC5136 was 351.9 kg/hm ², while that for YT236 was 234.6 kg/hm ². The yield of ROC22 was the highest, which was more than LC5136 and YT236 for 8.6% and 40%, respectively. (2) The sugar yield of LC5136 and YT236 increased with increasing N fertilizer, followed by leveling off. The sugar yield of ROC22 with N application of 351.9 kg/hm ² was significantly higher than no N application, but no obvious difference for different N applications. The average sugar yield of ROC22 was 20% and 57% higher than that of LC5136 and YT236. (3) The effect of N application on three sugarcanes varieties was different. With increasing N application, the use efficiency of N fertilizer of ROC22 and YT236 showed decreasing trend, reaching highest efficiency at 117.3 kg/hm ². The use efficiency of N fertilizer of ROC22 was 10% higher than that of LC5316 and YT236. Considering the yield of sugarcanes, yield of sugar, and use efficiency of N fertilizer, the optimum N fertilizer application for ROC22 and LC5136 was 351.9 kg/hm ², while that of YT236 was 234.6 kg/hm ². The growth of ROC22 in the study area was obviously better than LC5136 and YT236.

Key words: sugarcane, crop yield, sugar yield, nitrogen fertilizer, fertilizer use efficiency

LI Jin,DUAN Tingting,DENG Kai,JING Zhanxin,LIN Zhong,LIANG Yanqiu,DENG Zhuonan,GAO Yu,ZHENG Chao. Responses of Sugarcane Varieties Growth to Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Related Use Efficiency[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2019, 40(4): 649-656.

Figures/Tables 5

References 30

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农艺性状 Agronomic characters	处理 Treatment	甘蔗品种 Sugarcane varieties
农艺性状 Agronomic characters	处理 Treatment	ROC22	LC5136	YT236	均值Mean
株高 Height/cm	N₀	278±5^d	261±7^d	232±4^e	257±21^e
	N₁	287±8^c	279±3^c	239±6^d	268±23^d
	N₂	297±2^b	290±4^b	248±2^c	278±23^c
	N₃	309±2^a	305±3^a	258±2^b	291±25^b
	N₄	306±4^a	312±3^a	270±3^a	296±20^a
	均值Mean	295±13^A	289±19^B	249±14^C
茎径 Stem diameter/cm	N₀	2.48±0.05^c	2.66±0.05^c	2.39±0.03^b	2.51±0.13^c
	N₁	2.60±0.04^b	2.77±0.05^b	2.60±0.03^a	2.65±0.09^b
	N₂	2.69±0.04^a	2.82±0.02^ab	2.61±0.02^a	2.71±0.09^a
	N₃	2.71±0.05^a	2.87±0.03^a	2.62±0.02^a	2.74±0.11^a
	N₄	2.68±0.04^a	2.81±0.05^ab	2.61±0.04^a	2.70±0.09^a
	均值Mean	2.63±0.09^B	2.79±0.08^A	2.57±0.10^C
有效茎 Productive stem/（plant·hm^-2）	N₀	56 125±760^d	44 768±681^e	62 448±880^b	54 447±7 788^d
	N₁	56 178±252^d	46 009±75^d	66 707±266^a	56 298±8 965^c
	N₂	59 733±576^c	47 477±590^c	68 420±541^a	58 543±9 126^b
	N₃	67 101±1 843^a	49 780±216^b	68 430±791^a	61 770±9 067^a
	N₄	64 457±1 185^b	51 002±978^a	68 099±1 546^a	61 186±7 875^a
	均值Mean	60 719±4 658^B	47 807±2 445^C	66 821±2 479^A

农艺性状 Agronomic characters	处理 Treatment	甘蔗品种 Sugarcane varieties
农艺性状 Agronomic characters	处理 Treatment	ROC22	LC5136	YT236	均值Mean
株高 Height/cm	N₀	278±5^d	261±7^d	232±4^e	257±21^e
	N₁	287±8^c	279±3^c	239±6^d	268±23^d
	N₂	297±2^b	290±4^b	248±2^c	278±23^c
	N₃	309±2^a	305±3^a	258±2^b	291±25^b
	N₄	306±4^a	312±3^a	270±3^a	296±20^a
	均值Mean	295±13^A	289±19^B	249±14^C
茎径 Stem diameter/cm	N₀	2.48±0.05^c	2.66±0.05^c	2.39±0.03^b	2.51±0.13^c
	N₁	2.60±0.04^b	2.77±0.05^b	2.60±0.03^a	2.65±0.09^b
	N₂	2.69±0.04^a	2.82±0.02^ab	2.61±0.02^a	2.71±0.09^a
	N₃	2.71±0.05^a	2.87±0.03^a	2.62±0.02^a	2.74±0.11^a
	N₄	2.68±0.04^a	2.81±0.05^ab	2.61±0.04^a	2.70±0.09^a
	均值Mean	2.63±0.09^B	2.79±0.08^A	2.57±0.10^C
有效茎 Productive stem/（plant·hm^-2）	N₀	56 125±760^d	44 768±681^e	62 448±880^b	54 447±7 788^d
	N₁	56 178±252^d	46 009±75^d	66 707±266^a	56 298±8 965^c
	N₂	59 733±576^c	47 477±590^c	68 420±541^a	58 543±9 126^b
	N₃	67 101±1 843^a	49 780±216^b	68 430±791^a	61 770±9 067^a
	N₄	64 457±1 185^b	51 002±978^a	68 099±1 546^a	61 186±7 875^a
	均值Mean	60 719±4 658^B	47 807±2 445^C	66 821±2 479^A

产量 Yield	处理 Treatment	甘蔗品种 Sugarcane varieties
产量 Yield	处理 Treatment	ROC22	LC5136	YT236	均值Mean
单株茎重 The weight of stem / (kg·plant^-1)	N₀	1.31±0.06^d	1.62±0.11^c	0.85±0.08^c	1.26±0.34^d
	N₁	1.51±0.03^c	1.76±0.03^b	0.98±0.03^b	1.42±0.35^c
	N₂	1.57±0.03^b	1.82±0.03^ab	1.05±0.02^ab	1.48±0.34^b
	N₃	1.63±0.03^a	1.88±0.03^a	1.06±0.02^a	1.52±0.36^a
	N₄	1.65±0.01^a	1.90±0.01^a	1.06±0.02^a	1.54±0.37^a
	均值Mean	1.53±0.13^B	1.80±0.11^A	1.00±0.09^C
产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-2)	N₀	73 328±2 886^d	72 709±5 604^d	53 297±5 241^c	66 444±10 682^d
	N₁	84 832±1 735^c	80 978±1 302^c	65 150±2 034^b	76 987±9 154^c
	N₂	93 791±2 492^b	86 419±2 336^b	71 611±1 006^a	83 940±9 943^b
	N₃	109 403±4 634^a	93 584±1 097^a	72 530±1 097^a	91 839±16 205^a
	N₄	106 346±1 316^a	96 900±1 665^a	72 206±2 985^a	91 817±15 376^a
	均值Mean	93 540±14 096^A	86 118±9 335^B	66 959±7 999^C
蔗糖分 Sucrose content/%	N₀	12.69±0.45^b	11.60±0.9^ab	12.01±0.51^a	12.10±0.74^ab
	N₁	13.86±0.41^a	10.06±0.39^b	11.40±0.39^ab	11.77±1.7^b
	N₂	13.58±0.46^a	12.18±1.24^ab	11.98±0.37^a	12.58±1.02^a
	N₃	12.69±0.31^b	12.08±1.58^ab	10.68±0.58^b	11.82±1.24^ab
	N₄	12.05±0.63^b	12.46±0.97^a	11.67±0.51^a	12.06±0.72^ab
	均值Mean	12.97±0.79^A	11.68±1.28^B	11.55±0.65^B
产糖量 The sugar yield / (kg·hm^-2)	N₀	9 309±494^b	8 404±229^b	6 384±379^c	8 032±1 338^c
	N₁	11 754±398^ab	8 153±440^b	7 429±450^b	9 112±2 040^b
	N₂	12 733±259^ab	10 545±1 338^a	8 579±372^a	10 619±1 933^a
	N₃	13 889±712^a	11 314±1 584^a	7 744±396^ab	10 982±2 817^a
	N₄	12 814±788^ab	12 080±1 147^a	8 436±717^a	11 110±2 176^a
	均值Mean	12 100±1 675^A	10 099±1 861^B	7 714±913^C

产量 Yield	处理 Treatment	甘蔗品种 Sugarcane varieties
产量 Yield	处理 Treatment	ROC22	LC5136	YT236	均值Mean
单株茎重 The weight of stem / (kg·plant^-1)	N₀	1.31±0.06^d	1.62±0.11^c	0.85±0.08^c	1.26±0.34^d
	N₁	1.51±0.03^c	1.76±0.03^b	0.98±0.03^b	1.42±0.35^c
	N₂	1.57±0.03^b	1.82±0.03^ab	1.05±0.02^ab	1.48±0.34^b
	N₃	1.63±0.03^a	1.88±0.03^a	1.06±0.02^a	1.52±0.36^a
	N₄	1.65±0.01^a	1.90±0.01^a	1.06±0.02^a	1.54±0.37^a
	均值Mean	1.53±0.13^B	1.80±0.11^A	1.00±0.09^C
产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-2)	N₀	73 328±2 886^d	72 709±5 604^d	53 297±5 241^c	66 444±10 682^d
	N₁	84 832±1 735^c	80 978±1 302^c	65 150±2 034^b	76 987±9 154^c
	N₂	93 791±2 492^b	86 419±2 336^b	71 611±1 006^a	83 940±9 943^b
	N₃	109 403±4 634^a	93 584±1 097^a	72 530±1 097^a	91 839±16 205^a
	N₄	106 346±1 316^a	96 900±1 665^a	72 206±2 985^a	91 817±15 376^a
	均值Mean	93 540±14 096^A	86 118±9 335^B	66 959±7 999^C
蔗糖分 Sucrose content/%	N₀	12.69±0.45^b	11.60±0.9^ab	12.01±0.51^a	12.10±0.74^ab
	N₁	13.86±0.41^a	10.06±0.39^b	11.40±0.39^ab	11.77±1.7^b
	N₂	13.58±0.46^a	12.18±1.24^ab	11.98±0.37^a	12.58±1.02^a
	N₃	12.69±0.31^b	12.08±1.58^ab	10.68±0.58^b	11.82±1.24^ab
	N₄	12.05±0.63^b	12.46±0.97^a	11.67±0.51^a	12.06±0.72^ab
	均值Mean	12.97±0.79^A	11.68±1.28^B	11.55±0.65^B
产糖量 The sugar yield / (kg·hm^-2)	N₀	9 309±494^b	8 404±229^b	6 384±379^c	8 032±1 338^c
	N₁	11 754±398^ab	8 153±440^b	7 429±450^b	9 112±2 040^b
	N₂	12 733±259^ab	10 545±1 338^a	8 579±372^a	10 619±1 933^a
	N₃	13 889±712^a	11 314±1 584^a	7 744±396^ab	10 982±2 817^a
	N₄	12 814±788^ab	12 080±1 147^a	8 436±717^a	11 110±2 176^a
	均值Mean	12 100±1 675^A	10 099±1 861^B	7 714±913^C

肥料利用率 Utilization rate of fertilizer	处理 Treatment	甘蔗品种 Sugarcane varieties
肥料利用率 Utilization rate of fertilizer	处理 Treatment	ROC22	LC5136	YT236	均值Mean
氮吸收量 The amount of N absorbed by sugarcane/（kg·hm^-2）	N₀	130.30±9.01^e	157.00±10.03^d	135.37±10.07^d	140.89±14.18^e
	N₁	180.58±9.26^d	173.44±6.19^d	169.85±7.89^c	174.62±8.30^d
	N₂	221.03±9.35^c	218.62±9.84^c	198.04±11.13^b	212.56±14.03^c
	N₃	268.62±4.83^a	260.39±11.85^b	225.54±11.96^a	251.52±21.66^b
	N₄	239.27±11.09^b	313.05±11.77^a	234.10±3.42^a	262.14±39.13^a
	均值Mean	227.37±34.19^B	241.38±54.54^A	206.88±27.46^C
氮肥利用率 Utilization rate of N fertilizer/%	N₀
	N₁	42.86±1.17^a	14.02±3.62^c	29.40±6.45^a	28.76±13.05^a
	N₂	38.67±0.73^b	26.27±2.34^b	26.71±3.91^ab	30.55±6.51^a
	N₃	39.31±2.08^b	29.38±1.15^ab	25.62±2.14^ab	31.44±6.33^a
	N₄	23.22±0.97^c	33.26±0.61^a	21.04±1.42^b	25.84±5.72^b
	均值Mean	36.02±7.97^A	25.73±7.76^B	25.7±4.63^B
氮肥偏生产力 N partial factor productivity/（kg·kg^-1）	N₀
	N₁	723.21±14.79^a	690.35±11.1^a	555.42±17.34^a	656.32±78.04^a
	N₂	399.79±10.62^b	368.37±9.96^b	305.25±4.29^b	357.80±42.38^b
	N₃	310.89±13.17^c	265.94±3.12^c	206.11±3.12^c	260.98±46.05^c
	N₄	226.65±2.81^d	206.52±3.55^d	153.89±6.36^d	195.69±32.77^d
	均值Mean	415.14±196.71^A	382.79±195.18^B	305.17±161.44^C