Status Quo and Variation of Soil Fertility in Different Altitude of Coffea arabica L.

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2019.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

The soil fertility of Coffea arabica L. was analyzed by massive data of soil sampled in six main producing regions in Yunnan Province during 2015-2018, and compared with the data obtained during the second national soil survey to explore the laws and causes of the variation of the soil fertility. Presently, the soil fertility of C. arabica L. in Yunnan was pH 4.5-5.5 or 5.53 on average, organic matter 32.68 g/kg, alkalystic N 128.77 mg/kg, available P 18.01 mg/kg, and available K 138.31 mg/kg. The soil fertility had significant difference in different altitudes. pH and the content of alkalystic N decreased, the content of soil organic matter and available P increased, and the content of available K increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude. Compared with the results from the second national soil survey, the soil pH, the content of organic matter, alkalystic N and available K decreased while available P increased significantly. The soil fertility varied significantly due to long-term frequent tillage and large application of chemical fertilizers in suitable areas. It is suggested that the application amount of phosphate fertilizer should be controlled, and the returning of coffee straw and peel to the field should be promoted to achieve the balance of supply and demand for nutrient.

Key words: C. arabica L., soil fertility, altitude, the second national soil survey

ZHAO Mingzhu,WU Ting,TANG Jin,MA Guanrun,GUO Tieying,XIAO Ziwei,SU Linlin,ZHOU Hua,BAI Xuehui. Status Quo and Variation of Soil Fertility in Different Altitude of Coffea arabica L.[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2019, 40(4): 629-637.

Figures/Tables 7

References 27

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海拔 Altitude/m	市、自治州 City	县、区 County
500~1000	临沧Lincang(13)	沧源县Cangyuan(1),耿马县Gengma(1),临翔区Linxiang(2),双江县 Shuangjiang(2),永德县Yongde(4),镇康县Zhenkang(3)
	普洱Puer(33)	景谷县Jinggu(9),澜沧县Lancang(6),孟连县Menglian(10),思茅区Simao(3), 西盟县Ximeng(5)
	保山Baoshan(32)	龙陵Longling(9),隆阳区Longyang(23)
	怒江Nujiang(4)	泸水县Lushui(4)
	德宏Dehong(16)	芒市Mangshi(5),盈江县Yinjiang(11)
1000~1500	临沧Lincang(116)	沧源县Cangyuan(11),耿马县Gengma(11),临翔区Linxiang(6),双江县 Shuangjiang(10),永德县Yongde(18),云县Yunxian(39),镇康县Zhenkang(21)
	文山Wenshan(81)	广南县Guangnan(21),麻栗坡Malipo(60)
	普洱Puer(181)	江城县Jiangcheng(11),景东县Jingdong(12),景谷县Jinggu(15),澜沧县 Lancang(18),孟连县Menglian(26),墨江县Mojiang(11),宁洱县Ninger(24), 思茅区Simao(33),西盟县Ximeng(19),镇沅县Zhenyuan(12)
	保山Baoshan(62)	龙陵Longling(27),隆阳区Longyang(35)
	怒江Nujiang(20)	泸水县Lushui(20)
	德宏Dehong(90)	芒市Mangshi(31),盈江县Yingjiang(59)
>1500	普洱Puer(2)	江城县Jiangcheng(1),墨江县Mojiang(1)
	临沧Lincang(27)	临翔区Linxiang(4),永德县Yongde(14),云县Yunxian(9)
	保山Baoshan(2)	隆阳区Longyang(2)
	文山Wenshan(3)	麻栗坡Malipo(3)
	德宏Dehong(2)	盈江县Yingjiang(2)

海拔 Altitude/m	市、自治州 City	县、区 County
500~1000	临沧Lincang(13)	沧源县Cangyuan(1),耿马县Gengma(1),临翔区Linxiang(2),双江县 Shuangjiang(2),永德县Yongde(4),镇康县Zhenkang(3)
	普洱Puer(33)	景谷县Jinggu(9),澜沧县Lancang(6),孟连县Menglian(10),思茅区Simao(3), 西盟县Ximeng(5)
	保山Baoshan(32)	龙陵Longling(9),隆阳区Longyang(23)
	怒江Nujiang(4)	泸水县Lushui(4)
	德宏Dehong(16)	芒市Mangshi(5),盈江县Yinjiang(11)
1000~1500	临沧Lincang(116)	沧源县Cangyuan(11),耿马县Gengma(11),临翔区Linxiang(6),双江县 Shuangjiang(10),永德县Yongde(18),云县Yunxian(39),镇康县Zhenkang(21)
	文山Wenshan(81)	广南县Guangnan(21),麻栗坡Malipo(60)
	普洱Puer(181)	江城县Jiangcheng(11),景东县Jingdong(12),景谷县Jinggu(15),澜沧县 Lancang(18),孟连县Menglian(26),墨江县Mojiang(11),宁洱县Ninger(24), 思茅区Simao(33),西盟县Ximeng(19),镇沅县Zhenyuan(12)
	保山Baoshan(62)	龙陵Longling(27),隆阳区Longyang(35)
	怒江Nujiang(20)	泸水县Lushui(20)
	德宏Dehong(90)	芒市Mangshi(31),盈江县Yingjiang(59)
>1500	普洱Puer(2)	江城县Jiangcheng(1),墨江县Mojiang(1)
	临沧Lincang(27)	临翔区Linxiang(4),永德县Yongde(14),云县Yunxian(9)
	保山Baoshan(2)	隆阳区Longyang(2)
	文山Wenshan(3)	麻栗坡Malipo(3)
	德宏Dehong(2)	盈江县Yingjiang(2)

肥力指标 Fertility index	统计项目 Statistical item	海拔 Altitude/m			主产区 Main production areas
肥力指标 Fertility index	统计项目 Statistical item	500~1000	1000~1500	>1500	主产区 Main production areas
pH	变幅 Range	4.49~8.11	4.21~7.89	4.40~5.28	4.21~8.11
	均值 Mean	6.36^a	5.41^b	5.02^c	5.53
	变异系数 CV/%	13.69	12.05	4.66	13.75
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
有机质 Organic matter/(g·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	6.95~64.92	4.32~79.63	12.12~65.60	4.32~79.63
	均值 Mean	28.47^c	32.96^b	39.94^a	32.68
	变异系数 CV/%	54.56	51.14	40.10	51.30
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
碱解氮 Alkalystic N/(mg·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	62.2~276.49	9.90~286.62	59.43~160.13	9.90~286.62
	均值 Mean	129.98^a	128.98^a	123.41^b	128.77
	变异系数 CV/%	34.07	34.76	22.87	34.15
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
有效磷 Available P/(mg·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	1.69~62.12	0.49~92.06	1.38~83.26	0.49~92.06
	均值 Mean	11.32^c	18.51^b	21.28^a	18.01
	变异系数 CV/%	100.31	96.57	94.24	97.20
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
速效钾 Availabe K/(mg·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	50.43~245.24	43.34~317.49	52.91~183.86	43.34~317.49
	均值 Mean	129.64^b	140.30^a	131.53^b	138.31
	变异系数 CV/%	28.93	29.12	22.27	28.94
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684

肥力指标 Fertility index	统计项目 Statistical item	海拔 Altitude/m			主产区 Main production areas
肥力指标 Fertility index	统计项目 Statistical item	500~1000	1000~1500	>1500	主产区 Main production areas
pH	变幅 Range	4.49~8.11	4.21~7.89	4.40~5.28	4.21~8.11
	均值 Mean	6.36^a	5.41^b	5.02^c	5.53
	变异系数 CV/%	13.69	12.05	4.66	13.75
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
有机质 Organic matter/(g·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	6.95~64.92	4.32~79.63	12.12~65.60	4.32~79.63
	均值 Mean	28.47^c	32.96^b	39.94^a	32.68
	变异系数 CV/%	54.56	51.14	40.10	51.30
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
碱解氮 Alkalystic N/(mg·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	62.2~276.49	9.90~286.62	59.43~160.13	9.90~286.62
	均值 Mean	129.98^a	128.98^a	123.41^b	128.77
	变异系数 CV/%	34.07	34.76	22.87	34.15
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
有效磷 Available P/(mg·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	1.69~62.12	0.49~92.06	1.38~83.26	0.49~92.06
	均值 Mean	11.32^c	18.51^b	21.28^a	18.01
	变异系数 CV/%	100.31	96.57	94.24	97.20
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684
速效钾 Availabe K/(mg·kg^-1)	变幅 Range	50.43~245.24	43.34~317.49	52.91~183.86	43.34~317.49
	均值 Mean	129.64^b	140.30^a	131.53^b	138.31
	变异系数 CV/%	28.93	29.12	22.27	28.94
	样本数 No. of samples	98	550	36	684