Chemical Mutagenesis for the Cuttings of Bougainvillea glabra ‘Mrs. Eva’ and B. × buttiana ‘Miss Manila’

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2019.02.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss is an important ornamental plant in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of China. Because the sexual reproduction of Bougainvillea is difficult, mutation breeding is an available breeding method. The present study used ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS), sodium azide (NaN₃) and pingyangmycin (PYM) to mutagenize the cuttings of B. glabra ‘Mrs. Eva’ and B. × buttiana ‘Miss Manila’, respectively. In 20 h EMS treatments, the half lethal dose of ‘Mrs. Eva’ and ‘Miss Manila’ cuttings was 0.22% and 0.62%, respectively. With the increasing of EMS concentration, the shoot number and length of the longest branch of two Bougainvillea varieties showed a decreasing trend, while the chlorophyll and carotenoid content increased gradually. With the increasing of EMS concentration, the leaf hue of ‘Mrs. Eva’ changed to grayish tone and that of ‘Miss Manila’ changed to red tone gradually. Almost all ‘Mrs. Eva’ cuttings died in 20 h NaN₃ treatments, while the survival rate of ‘Miss Manila’ cuttings was 82%-92%. With the increasing of NaN₃ concentration, the shoot number of ‘Miss Manila’ decreased significantly. 20 h PYM treatments significantly improved the length of the longest branch of two Bougainvillea varieties in contrast to the control, but had no significant influence on the survival rate. Moreover, variant seedlings were found in EMS and PYM treatments, representing transformative leaf margin, wrinkled leaf surface or double leaf tips.

Key words: Bougainvillea, ethylmethane sulfonate, sodium azide, pingyangmycin

CLC Number:

S722.3+5

CHANG Shengxin,HUANG Surong,XU Shisong,YANG Guangsui. Chemical Mutagenesis for the Cuttings of Bougainvillea glabra ‘Mrs. Eva’ and B. × buttiana ‘Miss Manila’[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2019, 40(2): 238-246.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 The growth of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different EMS concentrations. A: ‘Mrs. Eva’; B: ‘Miss Manila’.

Fig. 2 Linear regression analysis of EMS concentration and survival rate of Bougainvillea cuttings A: ‘Mrs. Eva’; B: ‘Miss Manila’.

Fig. 3 The shoot number and length of the longest branch of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different EMS concentrations The lowercase letters above the column diagram indicate significant differences among different EMS concentration treatments (p<0.05).

Fig. 4 The phenotype change of Bougainvillea seedlings induced by the chemical mutagens A: the leaf variation of ‘Mrs. Eva’ induced by EMS; B. the early flower of ‘Miss Manila’ induced by EMS; C and D: the leaf variation of ‘Miss Manila’ induced by EMS; E and F: the leaf variation of ‘Miss Manila’ induced by PYM.

Fig. 5 The leaf chromatic aberration and content of photosynthetic pigments of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different EMS concentrations A, B: -‘Mrs. Eva’; C, D: -‘Miss Manila’. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments (p<0.05).

Fig. 6 Response curves of absorbance of pigment extracts in McIlvaine buffer from different Bougainvillea tissues to different excitation wavelengths The biggest absorbance value of different curves was homogenized to 1. The biggest absolution peak of betalain McIlvaine solution was 530 nm (CAS number: 7659-95-2, TCI, Japan). The biggest absolution peak of betaxanthin McIlvaine solution was 478 nm, which extracted from the bracts of B. ‘California Golden’[14]. The curve of McIlvaine extracting solution from bracts and red leaves of ‘Miss Manila’ had single peak, which located at about 538 nm. This indicated the bracts and red leaves of ‘Miss Manila’ contained betalain. However, betalain weren’t detected in the green leaves of ‘Mrs. Eva’ and ‘Miss Manila’.

Fig. 7 The growth of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different NaN3 concentrations A: The survival rate of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different NaN3 concentrations; B: The shoots number of ‘Miss Manila’ cuttings treated by different NaN3 concentrations; C: The growth of ‘Miss Manila’ cuttings treated by different NaN3 concentrations. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments (p<0.05).

Fig. 8 The growth of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different PYM concentrations A: The growth of ‘Mrs. Eva’ cuttings treated by different PYM concentrations; B: The growth of ‘Miss Manila’ cuttings treated by different PYM concentrations; C: The length of the longest branch of Bougainvillea cuttings treated by different PYM concentrations. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments (p<0.05).

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